European Scientific Journal, ESJ
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Facteurs explicatifs de la Déscolarisation des enfants en Côte d’Ivoire : cas de Koffi-Amonkro
Full text linkCette étude vise à comprendre les facteurs explicatifs de la déscolarisation des enfants dans la localité rurale de Koffi-Amonkro, en Côte d’Ivoire, dans un contexte où le phénomène demeure préoccupant à l’échelle nationale. En effet, malgré les efforts gouvernementaux, le pays enregistre encore des taux élevés d’abandon scolaire, notamment en zones rurales. L’enquête s’est appuyée sur les témoignages de 22 enfants déscolarisés, dans une perspective phénoménologique. Les données ont été recueillies à l’aide d’un questionnaire à questions ouvertes et fermées, puis analysées à travers une méthode mixte (qualitative et quantitative). Les résultats obtenus révèlent que la pauvreté des parents, la négligence familiale, les grossesses précoces, le faible niveau d’expression en français, l’insuffisance de rendement scolaire, et le bas niveau d’éducation des parents sont les principaux facteurs identifiés. Ces résultats offrent des perspectives concrètes pour des politiques éducatives ciblées, en particulier en matière de sensibilisation parentale, d’inclusion linguistique, et de maintien des filles à l’école en milieu rural.
This study aims to understand the explanatory factors behind school dropout among children in the rural locality of Koffi-Amonkro, Côte d’Ivoire, in a national context where dropout remains a persistent challenge. Despite government efforts, school abandonment rates remain high, especially in rural areas. The research is based on the testimonies of 22 school dropouts, using a phenomenological approach. Data were collected through a questionnaire combining open and closed-ended questions and analyzed using a mixed-method approach (qualitative and quantitative). The results highlight several key factors: parental poverty, family neglect, early pregnancies, low proficiency in the French language, poor academic performance, and low parental education levels. These findings offer practical insights for shaping targeted educational policies, particularly regarding parental awareness, linguistic inclusion, and the retention of girls in school in rural settings
Comparación de los recursos naturales turísticos de cuatro comunidades del municipio de Escárcega, Campeche
Full text linkEscárcega, municipio del estado mexicano de Campeche, conformada por nueve comunidades y dos juntas municipales; situada en el sur-sureste del Estado, rica en gastronomía, social y recursos naturales: flora y fauna. Aunque rica tambien han sido sobre explotados sus recursos y otros más desaprovechados. Es fundamental conservar los mismos a través de practicas sustentables. Por tanto para realizar acciones es indispensable realizar diagnósticos en las comunidades más importantes y que tengan influencia en el proyecto del tren Maya con la finalidad de agrupar dichas actividades y construir alianzas entre los sectores que existen en Escárcega. Por lo anterior para la realización de este proyecto la muestra se definió de manera aleatoria analizando variables de superficie, número de habitantes, recursos naturales que poseen, cercanía de la ruta del Tren Maya, entre otros; además de las características de los recursos naturales que pueden ser aprovechados para el turismo rural. También se diseñó y se aplicó cuestionarios de manera fisica para obtener la información que se agrupa en recusrsos naturales, sociales y áreas de oportunidad dirigidos a los representantes (Comisarios y Agentes municipales), vecinos y líderes naturales de cada comunidad. En los resultados obtenidos muestra la similitud tanto en recursos potencialmente favorables para el desarrollo del turismo rural tambien en las áreas de oportunidad como: Organización, comunicación organizacional y capacitación en temas de turismo (diseño de rutas, mercadotecnia dirigida al turismo).
Escárcega, municipality of the Mexican state of Campeche, is made up of nine communities and two municipal boards; Located in the south-southeast of the State, rich in gastronomy, social and natural resources: flora and fauna. Although rich, its resources have also been overexploited and others more wasted. It is essential to conserve them through sustainable practices. Therefore, to carry out actions, it is essential to carry out diagnoses in the most important communities that have an influence on the Maya train project in order to group these activities and build alliances between the sectors that exist in Escárcega. Therefore, to carry out this project, the sample was defined randomly by analyzing surface variables, number of inhabitants, natural resources they have, and proximity to the Mayan Train route, among others; in addition to the characteristics of natural resources that can be used for rural tourism. Questionnaires were also designed and applied physically to obtain information that is grouped into natural and social resources and areas of opportunity aimed at representatives (Commissioners and Municipal Agents), neighbors, and natural leaders of each community. The results obtained show the similarity in potentially favorable resources for the development of rural tourism and also in the areas of opportunity such as Organization, organizational communication, and training on tourism issues (route design, marketing aimed at tourism)
Metsovo Lung: History of Population Environmental Exposure to Asbestos
Full text linkObjectives: Our aim is to review all the literature concerning Metsovo Lung as an emblematic story that demonstrates the strong relationship between non-occupational but environmental and ecological exposure to asbestos and lung diseases. Materials and Methods: We searched data from the 1970s when extensive pleural calcifications causing malignant mesothelioma appeared at a high incidence beyond expectation. The most reliable studies were selected for our research from 2017-2023. Results: There wasn’t occupational exposure in Epirus. This finding reasonably raised the question of whether it was indeed tuberculous pleurisy or something else. The biopsies carried out confirmed that these were tremolite asbestos fibers. These fibers were derived from ‘luto’, a water-shielding material containing asbestos. The entire population of Metsovo was exposed to asbestos, without knowing it. This is a global phenomenon, according to which, it is made from a traditional shielding material. The abandonment of ‘luto’ and its non-use brought about a gradual reduction of the phenomenon, which also marks the reduction of mesothelioma. Conclusion: Lessons learned from the history of Metsovo lung showed the importance of the combination of theory and practice in the context of nonoccupational exposure to asbestos. From a public health point of view, it's crucial to know whether exposure to low levels of asbestos is able to induce pleural mesothelioma
Assessment of Workplace Safety Climate among Healthcare Workers: A Case Study of the Public Sector Hospitals in Greece
Full text linkSafety climate assessment is considered an effective tool to investigate employees' perceptions of workplace safety practices, attitudes, and behaviors. Scope and Aims: The purpose of the survey is to assess the lesser studied field of the climate of workplace safety among employees in the Greek public healthcare sector, with the following objectives: a) to identify the most decisive factors that determine the climate of safety at work in order to prioritize interventions, and b) to subserve commitment to create a positive climate of safety among both management and employees. Methods: For this purpose, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 23 hospitals, which concerned all employees. The tool used was the Nordic Occupational Safety Climate Questionnaire (NOSACQ-50) and data collection took place during 2023-2024. Results: The results showed that the safety climate among healthcare workers was quite negative and that there was a need for interventions (minor or major). Parameters with high statistical variation (< 0.0001) were identified, such as working position (employee or leader), employment status (tenure), age, hospital of origin, and specialty of the employee. Conclusion: To address the gaps identified, efforts need to be made to promote an effective and positive safety climate in all hospitals in the study, to emphasize prevention, and to strengthen the commitment of both management and employees in this direction
Quality Management Practices and Performance: Where are we, and where we are headed? The Perspective of Public Healthcare Institutions in Kenya
Full text linkThe global economy's transformations have prompted public healthcare institutions in Kenya to adopt strategies to expand their markets, improve customer satisfaction, and enhance operational efficiency globally. The county government of Tharaka Nithi and the Kenyan national government have implemented initiatives to enhance public healthcare facilities, but their performance remains below the required standards. According to The World Health Organization reports Kenya's public healthcare institutions provided 75% unsatisfactory services to customers, while their services remained at 6.6% from 2017 to 2020. Therefore, the current study investigated the effect of quality management practices on the performance of public healthcare institutions in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya. Specifically, the study examined the effect of customer focus and continuous improvement on the performance of public healthcare institutions in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya. The study used Scorecard, Six Sigma theories as well as the upper echelon theory. The study embraced descriptive research design. The target population was eight hundred and eighty-three employees of public healthcare institutions in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya. Stratified random sampling techniques were used as a sampling technique to select 275 respondents that were determined scientifically through a formula. Primary data was collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire. A pilot test of twenty-eight respondents was conducted. The study instrument's reliability and validity were evaluated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, with a threshold of 0.7 or higher. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, which were presented in the form of tables, charts, and graphs. The findings were that customer focus (p<0.05) continuous improvement (p<0.05) and top management commitment (p<0.05) all had a significant effect on the performance of public healthcare institutions in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya. The study concluded that total quality management practices are significant enablers of the organizational performance of an institution. The study recommended that employees working with public healthcare institutions in Tharaka Nithi County should be motivated to address customer inquiries promptly to improve the level of efficiency and effectiveness. The operational managers and all other heads of the functional areas in the public healthcare institutions in Tharaka Nithi County design their processes effectively for effective decision-making. Employees should be encouraged to use errors reported as the basis for further improvement in processes. 
Challenges in Cloud Computing Adoption for SMEs in the Middle East
Full text linkTechnology's growth significantly affects how businesses grow because it offers new ways to do business. Due to a sharp rise in market competition and a rapidly changing business environment, businesses in all industries and sectors utilize information and communication technologies (ICTs) to enhance their company operations and boost their value. This study aims to address the challenges that prevent small and medium-sized businesses in the Middle East from adopting cloud computing, as well as the generally accepted techniques for eliminating these challenges. The study utilized a systematic review of relevant literature. The inclusion and exclusion criteria, as well as the analytic procedure, were documented in the study using the PRISMA protocol. The study also looked for pertinent journal publications that employed mixed, qualitative, and quantitative research methodologies using three pertinent databases: Sustainability, Google Scholar, and Emerald. The included English-language publications had to have been released between the first quarter of 2023 and 2016. More significantly, the evaluation did not include any research that did not concentrate on SMEs in the Middle East. Following an extensive analysis of the literature, it was discovered, among other things that infra needs to be more, budgetary restrictions, and a need for increased understanding of the significance of Industry 4.0. In conclusion, SMEs face challenges in adopting cloud computing, including financial constraints, restrictive policies, security concerns, and fear of losing investments in existing infrastructure, amongst others. Addressing these issues through policy changes, competition, and tailored solutions can enhance cloud adoption and SME competitiveness
Enhancing Language Acquisition: Integrating Traditional and Digital Methods for Learner Engagement
Full text linkThis study investigates the evolving paradigm of language acquisition, juxtaposing traditional learning methodologies with contemporary digital approaches. Utilizing a mixed-methods design, the research engaged a sample of 1,000 participants, including both language learners and educators, to gather comprehensive insights into their preferences and experiences. Data were collected through structured surveys and semi-structured interviews, allowing for an in-depth exploration of the perceived effectiveness of various instructional strategies. The findings reveal a marked preference for a blended learning approach that harnesses the strengths of both traditional and digital methods. Specifically, traditional methodologies are found to be more effective in developing speaking and listening skills, while digital platforms are preferred for vocabulary enhancement and reading comprehension. These results underscore the necessity for a holistic approach to language learning that integrates the benefits of face-to-face interaction, cultural immersion, and structured learning with the flexibility and accessibility afforded by digital technologies. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of adaptability in language instruction, suggesting that educators should tailor their approaches to meet the diverse needs of learners in a rapidly changing educational landscape. Practical recommendations are provided for both learners and educators to optimize the language acquisition process in this digital age, including strategies for effectively integrating technology into traditional curricula and fostering meaningful human connections within the learning environment
Pratiques pastorales et embroussaillement du pâturage par unité structurale en zone soudanienne : la région de Bouna au Nord-Est de la Côte d’Ivoire
Full text linkL’objectif de ces travaux est d’étudier la géologie et l’évolution géomorphologique afin de déterminer le cadre dans lequel s’inscrit la répartition de l’embroussaillement des savanes du Nord-Est ivoirien. On espère, grâce à l’exploitation statistique des divers facteurs d’embroussaillement, aux divers niveaux de l’espace, fournir des éléments de réflexion sur les tendances actuelles du changement dans l’exploitation pastorale des Lobi, ainsi que les blocages ressentis par les aménageurs. L’effet du surpâturage et du feu est mis en évidence dans des parcelles expérimentales à l’échelle toposéquentielle. On notait 2807 rejets sur granite et 1092 sur roches birrimiennes en parcelles surpâturées et protégées contre le feu alors que les parcelles non pâturées mais livrées au feu et celles mises en défens n’en comptaient que moins de 200 dans les deux types de substrat. Le taux des recrus embroussaillants était deux fois plus élevé sur pente que sur sommet et trois fois plus fort sur pente granitique que sur pente en roches birrimiennes.
Study of geology and geomorphological evolution was undertaken in view of distribution of the various encroached vegetation at the scale of landscapes. Statistics in the various factors of encroached vegetation types, at the various levels of space, induce elements for reflection on the current trends of change in the Lobi grazing as well as the blockages felt by the developers. Effects of overgrazing and fires were studied in experimental plots established on the typical catenas of the Bouna region. There were, on average, 2807 shoots of plants on granite and 1092 on phyllitious rocks in the plots grazed and protected from fire, while the plots not grazed but exposed to fire and those protected had less than 200 in both groups of substrates. Rate of brush growth is twice as high on slopes as summits as and three times higher on granite slopes than on slopes on birrimian rocks
Application of the Fama-French three-factor model for a five stocks portfolio in the US stock market
Full text linkThis paper evaluates the applicability of the Fama-French three-factor model in optimizing portfolio construction and maximizing returns, using historical stock data from various industries over the period from 2002 to 2022. The analysis is divided into two distinct sub-periods, 2002-2012 and 2013-2022, to assess the model’s performance across different economic conditions. The study identifies the market risk premium (Mkt-RF) as the most significant determinant of portfolio returns, especially prominent during the 2013-2022 period. The size premium (SMB) exhibited a negative correlation with portfolio returns, indicating an underperformance of large-cap stocks relative to small-cap stocks, especially in the later period. In contrast, the value premium (HML) was found to be statistically insignificant, suggesting that the value factor did not substantially impact portfolio returns during this time frame. These results underscore the importance of market exposure and the consideration of size factors in portfolio construction while also highlighting the limited impact of the value factor in recent years. The study provides actionable insights for first-time investors and portfolio managers seeking to refine investment strategies based on the dynamics of market risk, size, and value factors. First of all, this indicates the need to align a portfolio with wide market trends by using an index fund or ETF to gain the benefit arising from market risk premium. It also underlines that a balance has to be created between large-cap and small-cap shares to have the returns optimized under specific market conditions. This, in turn, suggests that dependence on the value factor has to be dynamic, anchoring growth stocks in innovative-driven markets but keeping an eye on any change in the economic cycle. These thus provide actionable insights into refining investment approaches with the use of the Fama-French model as a foundational tool
Calidad del Servicio como factor determinante de la satisfacción y lealtad de los consumidores de servicios alimenticios
Full text linkEl objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la calidad del servicio ofrecido por los prestadores de servicios alimenticios de la Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Zona Media (UAMZM) de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí (UASLP) a los estudiantes y determinar si esta calidad está influenciada por las características sociodemográficas de los consumidores. Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo, con un alcance descriptivo y correlacional, y un diseño transversal. La muestra calculada fue de 297 elementos, empleando un muestreo aleatorio estratificado, además que, la técnica por la cual se recolectaron los datos fue la entrevista y el instrumento para evaluar la calidad del servicio fue la escala SERVQUAL que se integra de 22 ítems, obteniendo una confiabilidad de 0.959 para las expectativas y 0.936 para la calidad percibida. En general se encontró una pequeña brecha entre percepción y expectativas manifestándose un área de oportunidad en todas las dimensiones, sin embargo, al analizar por cada dimensión se encontró que existe un porcentaje alto de calidad al sumar la calidad óptima y derroche de calidad. En conclusión, se puede afirmar que existe una relación entre las dimensiones de la calidad del servicio que se brinda con la satisfacción y lealtad de los consumidores, y no hubo evidencia para afirmar que la calidad está determinada por las características sociodemográficas del consumidor.
The aim of this study is to assess the quality of service provided by food service providers at the Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Zona Media (UAMZM) of the Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí (UASLP) to students and to determine whether the consumers' sociodemographic characteristics influence this quality. A quantitative approach was used, with a descriptive and correlational scope, and a cross-sectional design. The calculated sample was 297 elements, using stratified random sampling. The technique used for data collection was the interview, and the instrument for evaluating service quality was the SERVQUAL scale, consisting of 22 items, with a reliability of 0.959 for expectations and 0.936 for perceived quality. Overall, a small gap was found between perception and expectations, revealing an area of opportunity in all dimensions. However, when analyzing each dimension, a high percentage of quality was found by adding optimal quality and quality surplus. In conclusion, it can be stated that there is a relationship between service quality dimensions and consumer satisfaction and loyalty, and there was no evidence to suggest that the consumer's sociodemographic characteristics determine quality