Revues Scientifiques Marocaines
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The Effects and Mechanism of Trigona Honey on the Reduction of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Blood Glucose Regulation in Rattus norvegicus as a Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Model
No full textType 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a global health concern characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and increased oxidative stress, with reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributing to insulin resistance and diabetic complications. This study investigates the effects of Trigona honey, produced by stingless bees, as a potential alternative for managing T2DM. Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: normal control, diabetic control, diabetic + low-dose Trigona honey (1.35 mL/200g BW), and diabetic + high-dose Trigona honey (2.7 mL/200g BW). T2DM was induced by alloxan injection, and treatments were administered for 14 days. Fasting blood glucose, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and insulin receptor expression were assessed. Statistical analysis using ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc test revealed that Trigona honey significantly reduced fasting blood glucose in the low-dose (142.7 ± 10.5 mg/dL) and high-dose (117.3 ± 8.9 mg/dL) groups compared to the diabetic control (248.6 ± 12.3 mg/dL), with p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively. Trigona honey also reduced MDA levels (p < 0.05) and increased SOD and CAT activities in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.01). Insulin receptor expression significantly increased in the high-dose group (p < 0.001). These findings suggest that Trigona honey exhibits significant hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects, making it a promising functional food and complementary therapy for T2DM management
RECONSTRUIRE LE « BALANCED SCORECARD POUR UN CONTROLE DE GESTION SUR MESURE DE LA PME
No full textتهدف هذه المقالة إلى إعادة بناء "بطاقة الأداء المتوازن" (BSC) لرقابة إدارية مُصممة خصيصًا للشركات الصغيرة والمتوسطة، وذلك من خلال الإجابة على سؤال البحث التالي: كيف يُمكن تجديد بطاقة الأداء المتوازن وجعلها في متناول الشركات الصغيرة والمتوسطة بشكل كافٍ في ظل الصعوبات التي تواجهها في تبنيها وفقًا لمراجعة الأدبيات المتعلقة بهذا الموضوع؟ وقد استُخدمت المواد الببليوغرافية لإجراء عملية إعادة البناء هذه. وكنتيجة لذلك، تم تغيير محتوى وتسمية المحورين الأخيرين من بطاقة الأداء المتوازن أثناء عملية التجديد، بينما تضمن التعديل استخدام مؤشرات بسيطة للحساب بالتزامن مع استراتيجية اقتصادية ومرنة وفعالة. يتميز هذا العمل بشموليته، إذ يقترح هيكل بطاقة الأداء المتوازن وطريقة عملها، بالإضافة إلى الربط بين هذه الأخيرة واستراتيجية ومنظور تحكم مناسبين. كما تم تحقيق هذه الشمولية من خلال نهج مناسب مستوحى من "لغة النمذجة الموحدة" (UML)، وهي أداة لتصميم وتطوير نظم المعلومات.
This article aims to rebuild the "Balanced Scorecard" (BSC) for SME tailor-made management control via the response to the following research question: how to renovate the BSC and make it adequately accessible to SMEs given the difficulties they find in adopting it according to the literature review on the matter? Bibliographic materials were employed to make this rebuilding. As findings, the last two BSC axis' content and denomination were changed during the renovation, while the adaptation involved using simple indicators to compute in conjunction with a frugal, flexible, and effectual strategy. This work is original because it is comprehensive by proposing the BSC's structure and functioning, as well as the connection between the latter and a suitable strategy and control perspective. In addition, this comprehensiveness is done via an appropriate approach inspired by the "Unified Modeling Language" (UML), which is a tool for information system design and development.Cet article cherche à reconstruire le « Balanced Scorecard » (BSC) pour un contrôle de gestion sur mesure de la PME en répondant à la question de recherche suivante: Comment rendre le BSC rénové et adapté (adéquatement accessible) à la PME, vu les grandes difficultés de son adoption par celle-ci selon la revue de littérature en la matière? Pour ce faire, les matériaux bibliographiques ont été utilisés. Comme résultats, la rénovation s’est traduite par le remplacement du contenu et de la dénomination des deux derniers axes du BSC, alors que l’adaptation a consisté en l’envisagement d’indicateurs simples en articulation avec une stratégie flexible, frugale, et effectuale. La reconstruction concerne aussi bien la structure que le fonctionnement du BSC, ainsi que sa liaison avec une stratégie et une démarche de contrôle adéquates, en s’inspirant de « Unified Modeling Language » (UML) comme moyen de conception et de développement des systèmes d’information
Typologie des conflits fonciers et leurs impacts sur les activités agropastorales dans l’arrondissement d’Ebolowa 2ème (Cameroun)
No full textAnalysis of the Determinants and Factors Associated with Teenage Pregnancy in Schools in the Commune of Dixinn, Republic of Guinea
No full textIntroduction: Teenage pregnancies in schools are a major social problem in Guinea, which can jeopardize the education and development of young girls. This study, conducted in the commune of Dixinn, aimed to analyze the determinants and factors associated with pregnancy among school-aged teenagers.
Methodology: The study is a mixed cross-sectional study combining both quantitative and qualitative approaches. A sample of 340 teenage girls enrolled in six schools in the commune of Dixinn was selected. Quantitative data were analyzed using R software with bivariate analyses and logistic regressions to identify factors associated with pregnancies. Qualitative data, collected through individual interviews, were analyzed using Max Weber's comprehensive method and Gabriel Tarde's imitation theory.
Results: The study reveals that 67% of the interviewed teenage girls had already been pregnant, and the majority of these pregnancies (69.57%) were unintended. The main factors associated with early pregnancies include poverty, lack of parental support, limited knowledge of contraceptive methods, and social and peer pressure. Furthermore, 74.05% of the teenagers did not use contraceptives during their first sexual intercourse. Among the consequences of these pregnancies, 26.09% of the young girls permanently dropped out of school. This study highlights poverty, lack of parental communication about sexuality, and low contraceptive use as key contributing factors to this issue.
Conclusion: Early pregnancies in schools represent a major obstacle to the education of young girls in Guinea. Action is needed, including the integration of sex education into school curricula, strengthening parental communication, and improving access to contraceptive services.Introduction: Early pregnancy in schools remains a major public health and education problem in sub-Saharan Africa. In Guinea, this phenomenon jeopardizes adolescents' continued schooling, their social integration, and their future socio-economic prospects. This study aims to explore and interpret the social, familial, economic, and cultural determinants of early pregnancy among school-aged adolescent girls in the Dixinn district, by examining the meanings, logics of action, and social dynamics that shape their reproductive trajectories.
Methods: A qualitative study was conducted between February and April 2019. Data were collected through thirty semi-structured individual interviews with school-aged adolescent girls, parents or guardians, and stakeholders in the education system. The data were fully transcribed and analyzed using an interpretive thematic approach inspired by Max Weber's interpretive sociology
Results: The results show that early pregnancy stems from a complex interplay of structural and relational vulnerabilities. Economic insecurity fosters transactional relationships, while weak parental guidance and silence surrounding sexuality limit protective mechanisms. Peer influence and negative perceptions of contraception reinforce risky behaviors. Pregnancy thus appears less as an individual choice than as the culmination of accumulated social constraints.
Conclusion: Teenage pregnancy in school settings reflects deep-rooted structural, familial, and cultural dynamics. Addressing this issue requires context-sensitive interventions that promote parent–child communication, adolescent-friendly reproductive health services, and school-based social support mechanisms
Influenceur web et intention d'achat: Rôle de l'environnement culturel du follower : Web Influencer and Purchase Intention: The Role of the Follower's Cultural Environment
No full textSummary In response to the growing issue of intensified competition in the goods and services markets faced by businesses today, influencer marketing strategies are increasingly used by brands to boost their visibility and effectively sell their products. This research focuses on analyzing the role of the consumer's cultural environment when exposed to recommendations from their web influencer. Two exploratory studies were combined: a netnography that helped understand to what extent the characteristics of the web influencer impact the follower's purchase intention, and semi-structured interviews conducted to enrich the data collected from the studied online communities and to understand the role of the follower’s cultural environment in their relationship with the web influencer. The analyses revealed that the influencer’s expertise, trustworthiness, physical attractiveness, lifestyle, and empathy positively influence the follower’s purchase intention. Furthermore, the findings showed that the cultural environment strongly moderates the follower’s purchase intention in response to the various recommendations made by their web influencer. Keywords: web influencer, purchase intention, culture, followerFace au problème lié à l’intensification de la concurrence dans les marchés des biens et services, les stratégies de marketing d’influence sont de plus en plus utilisées par les marques pour accroitre leur visibilité et mieux écouler leurs produits. Alors, cette recherche a pour objectif d’analyser le rôle de l’environnement culturel du consommateur, lorsque celui-ci fait face aux recommandations d’un influenceur web. Deux études exploratoires ont été combinées à savoir : une netnographie qui a permis de comprendre dans quelle mesure les caractéristiques de l’influenceur web impactent l’intention d’achat du follower; par la suite, des entretiens semi- directifs ont été réalisés dans le but d’enrichir les données issues des communautés web étudiées. Les résultats issus de l’analyse montrent que : l’expertise, la fiabilité, l’attractivité physique, le style de vie et l’empathie de l’influenceur web influencent positivement l’intention d’achat du follower. De plus, ces analyses montrent que l’environnement culturel impacte fortement l’intention d’achat du follower face aux différentes recommandations de l’influenceur web. Alors, cette recherche enrichit la littérature sur le marketing d’influence en intégrant la culture du consommateur comme modérateur de la relation entre crédibilité de l’influenceur et l’intention d’achat
