Revues Scientifiques Marocaines
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Refus de soins du patient en Afrique de l’Ouest : Etude qualitative réalisée auprès de médecins du Mali
No full textIntroduction : Patient refusal of care is a situation commonly encountered in West African healthcare facilities in West Africa.
Objective : The aim of this study was to propose solutions to reduce refusal of care in West Africa.
Method : This was a qualitative study that combined two approaches: one based on a literature review through PubMed and the other based on semi-structured individual interviews with Malian doctors.
Results : The main reasons for refusal of care were dominated by financial constraints, belief in traditional treatments, etc. The majority of patients who refused care were men, had a secondary education level, lived in rural areas, and were not affiliated with the national insurance scheme.Regarding recommendations to address care refusal, the interviewed doctors mentioned the implementation of a universal health insurance system, increasing the healthcare budget (which remains low in most African countries), expanding payment exemption policies for other population groups, and developing primary healthcare policies, among others.
Conclusion : According to our research, this study is one of the few conducted with physicians on the refusal of care. There is a need to continue research in this area to support the initiative for universal health coverage in West Africa, particularly in Mali.
Keywords : treatment refusal, patient, physician, West Africa
Introduction: Le refus de soins de la part du patient est une situation fréquemment rencontrée dans les établissements de santé en Afrique de l’Ouest notamment au Mali. Objectif: Décrire les expériences et les points de vue des médecins face aux situations de refus de soins rencontrées dans leur pratique. Méthode: Une étude qualitative avec analyse thématique a été menée auprès de médecins maliens. Les médecins ont été́ choisis pour respecter au mieux un échantillonnage visant à avoir une diversité de vécu, d’expérience et de profil. Les entretiens semi-dirigés ont été réalisés jusqu’à saturation des données, retranscrits intégralement sous WORD® puis codés en double aveugle avec triangulation des données à l’aide du logiciel N’VIVO12®. Résultats: Quatorze entretiens semi-dirigés individuels ont été réalisés. D’après les médecins interviewés, les principaux motifs du refus de soins de la part du patient étaient les contraintes financières, la croyance aux traitements traditionnels, les convictions religieuses, le défaut d’information, la crainte de la pénibilité du traitement et une attention insuffisante du personnel médical. Concernant les recommandations pour lutter contre les refus de soins, les médecins ont évoqué l’augmentation du budget alloué à la santé qui reste encore faible dans la majorité des pays africains, cette augmentation passe par ailleurs par la mise en place d’un système d’assurance maladie universelle. D’élargir les politiques d’exemption de paiement aux soins à d’autres couches; de développer les politiques de soins de santé́primaire etc. Conclusion: Le point de vue du médecin face au refus de soins de la part du patient n’est pas suffisamment documenté dans les revues existantes. Il y a une nécessité de poursuivre les recherches dans ce sens pour soutenir l’initiative de la couverture universelle en Afrique de l’Ouest et singulièrement au Mali.
Mots clés : refus de soins, patient, médecin, Afrique de l’Ouest
Exploring the Health Benefits of Phenolic Compounds in Moroccan Virgin Olive Oil: Chemical Profiling, Antioxidant Activity, and Computational Insights into COX Inhibition
No full textOlive oil, often referred to as "green gold," is renowned for its therapeutic and nutritional benefits, primarily attributed to its rich phenolic content. This study investigates the influence of factors such as olive variety, production method, maturity index, and geographical origin on the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Moroccan virgin olive oil. Phenolic compounds, including tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol, oleacein, and oleocanthal, were identified and quantified using Liquid Chromatography, High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS), and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). These compounds are shown to significantly contribute to the oil's antioxidant properties. In parallel, computational techniques were employed to analyze the pharmacokinetic characteristics (ADME-Tox) and structural interactions of key phenolic compounds, including luteolin and diosmetin, with COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. Molecular docking studies revealed strong binding affinities, suggesting their potential as dual inhibitors with anti-inflammatory effects. Molecular dynamics simulations further demonstrated the stable interaction of luteolin and diosmetin within the active sites of COX-1 and COX-2 over a 100 ns simulation period. This study highlights the structural and energetic aspects of phenolic compounds in virgin olive oil, underscoring their health benefits and potential as new therapeutic agents for inflammation-related disorders. It also reinforces olive oil’s significance as a functional food with both nutritional and medicinal applications
Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for the Removal of Toxic Mercury(II) Ions from Wastewater
No full textHg(II) contamination in industrial wastewater poses serious environmental and public health concerns due to its toxicity and persistence. This study investigates the synthesis and application of ZnO as eco-friendly adsorbents for the efficient removal of Hg(II) ions from aqueous solutions. fabricate zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using thyme, Thymus vulgaris L., leaf extract method and characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to elucidate their structural and surface properties. Adsorption behavior was evaluated through batch experiments, and the results were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, revealing high adsorption capacities and monolayer adsorption characteristics. Monte Carlo simulations provided molecular-level insight into the strong interactions between Hg(II) ions and the composite surface, supported by negative adsorption energy values and high chemical hardness of the adsorbent system. The synergistic combination of ZnO NPs led to improved hydrophilicity, enhanced active binding sites, and efficient Hg(II) removal. These findings demonstrate the potential of ZnO NPs as a sustainable and high-performance material for heavy metal remediation in water treatment applications. In parallel, blind molecular docking of thymol onto human B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) (PDB 6O0K) revealed preferential binding within the BH3 groove (ΔG ≈ −6 kcal mol⁻¹), suggesting disruption of the release of Bcl-2/Bax complex and potential release of pro-apoptotic factors
Structure de la proposition subordonnée relative dans le proverbe en arabe marocain
No full textThe corpus, especially as it concerns us here, a corpus of fixed expressions, proverbs, a multifaceted documentary object, fully justifies the endless uses to which it is put. It is the instrument used to comprehensively grasp a given phenomenon, allowing us to both reveal the rules and usages specific to proverbs and provide a fairly clear image of the ordering of the functional aspects of language and its constructions. The reminder of my paper attempts to demonstrate, in the proverb, the characteristics of the various manifestations of complex structures with a relative clause. This also allows us to identify its functions in the linguistic discourse.Le corpus, surtout pour ce qui nous concerne ici un corpus d’expressions figées, les proverbes, objet documentaire à multiples facettes, justifie pleinement les interminables usages auxquels on le destine. Il est l’instrument qu’on manipule pour la saisie globale d’un phénomène donné qui permet aussi bien de révéler les règles et les usages propres aux proverbes que de fournir une image assez claire de l’ordonnancement des aspects fonctionnels de la langue et de ses constructions. Notre but est de montrer, dans le proverbe, les caractéristiques des diverses manifestations des structures complexes à subordonnée relative. Cela est à même de nous permettre d’identifier par la même occasion ses fonctionnements dans le discours libre
قراءة وتقديم لقاموس الدارجة المغربية
No full textthis article aims to provide an overview and interpretation of the Moroccan dialect dictionary, with the aim of revealing the foundations of its lexical construction and the extent to which it meets the requirements and rules of modern lexicography in terms of collection, composition, and explanation. It addresses the problem of collecting and organizing linguistic entries, the identification techniques used, and the phonetic characteristics on which the dictionary was based.يقدّم هذا المقال قراءة لقاموس الدارجة المغربية، بغية الكشف عن أسس البناء المعجمي لهذا القاموس، ومدى استيفائه لشروط وقواعد الصناعة المعجمية الحديثة، من حيث الجمع والوضع والشرح. حيث يعالج إشكالية جمع المادة اللغوية وترتيبها، وتقنيات التعريف المستعملة، وكذا الخصائص الصوتية التي بني عليها القاموس، فضلا عن موضوع الكتابة والتدوين الإملائي الذي سلكه القائمون على هذا العمل.
فقد أقرّت لجنة التأليف في مقدمة القاموس بأنه يتشكل من مفردات اللغة العربية المغربية، التي تسمى كذلك "بالدارجة المغربية" أو "العامية المغربية". وهي سجل لغوي، يجاور فضاءات العربية المعيار المخصصة للخطابات الرسمية، ودوائر الدارجة المستعملة في الحياة اليومية. وقد تخلّص هذا السجل اللغوي من قيود الإعراب، ورُفعت منه التراكيب المعقدة، وشاعت فيه المفردات السهلة واليسيرة.
 
Effect of the addition of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) in different forms on the nutritional and sensory quality of white meat during storage: Effect of the addition of Salvia officinalis L . of white meat during storage
No full textThe traditional use of medicinal plants as a natural antioxidant has received great attention from the scientific community. This study aims to enhance natural resources of plant origin with antioxidant and antimicrobial activity to maintain meat quality such as sage. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of adding sage (Salvia officinalis L.) in different forms (powder, extract and essential oils) on the nutritional and sensory quality of chicken meats during conservation. The results obtained showed that the incorporation of the different forms of sage into chicken meat did not affect the pH value. On the other hand, oxidation was delayed by the addition of the extract, and the results of the sensory analysis showed that the introduction of sage powder and extract into meat was acceptable to consumers and (37 and 33%, respectively). The use of sage in various forms is characterized not only by the fact that it is an effective means of preserving meat, but also by its contribution to the development and formulation of a canned food product and innovation that can have positive effects on human health
Evolution spatio-temporelle du système dunaire littoral de Tifnit au Sud d’Agadir (Centre Ouest Marocain)
No full textErosion hydrique et techniques de gestion conservatoire des sols dans le bassin versant de l’oued Boumlal (Rif central, Maroc)
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