International Journal of Nutrology
Not a member yet
467 research outputs found
Sort by
Infant Formulas: A Long Story
Get PDFThe ideal feeding for infants is the breast milk because it has a balanced nutritional composition, which includes all essential nutrients, in addition to many bioactive factors that contribute to the growth and development of the child, as well as to the maturation of the gastrointestinal tract. Among them are immunological factors, antimicrobials and anti-inflammatory components, digestive enzymes, various types of hormones, and growth factors. If human milk is not available, there is an indication of infant formulas that should follow the recommendations of the Codex Alimentarius of the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization (WHO). In a century of history, infant formulas have gone from a simple combination of cow milk (evaporated or condensed) and water to highly sophisticated products, elaborated by very refined technological processes to produce lactose-free, antiregurgitation, based on soy protein, hydrolyzed protein in various grades, and only amino acids formulas. The major milestones in the modification of infant formulas were the incorporation of nutrients/ingredients such as: iron, nucleotides, alpha lactalbumin, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics, oligosaccharides similar to human milk, lactoferrin, and milk fat globule membrane. Many of these ingredients have shown benefits on the immunological system. Despite the technological advances, breast milk remains irreplaceable, being the gold standard for infant feeding
Relationship between nutrology and oral health: a systematic review of major clinical findings
Get PDFIntroduction: Food and nutrition are fundamental in maintaining the general and oral health of populations. Health status can be affected by nutrient deficiency and vice versa. Dietary guidelines were developed to provide evidence-based food and beverage recommendations to populations to promote a diet that meets nutritional needs and prevents diet-related illness. Objective: Aimed to carry out a concise systematic review to elucidate through clinical studies the real relationship between nutrition and oral health. Methods: The rules of the Systematic Review-PRISMA Platform. The research was carried out from August to October 2022 and developed based on Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar, using scientific articles from 2005 to 2022. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: A total of 125 articles were found. In total, 75 articles were fully evaluated and 35 were included and evaluated in this systematic review. It was concluded that food and nutrition are fundamental in maintaining the general and oral health of populations. Health status can be affected by nutrient deficiency and vice versa. Nutrology can promote a diet that meets nutritional needs and prevent diet-related diseases such as tooth decay. It was evidenced that malnutrition can significantly affect oral health and vice versa. A diet lacking in nutrients can lead to the progression of oral cavity disease by altering tissue homeostasis, reducing resistance to microbial biofilm, and decreasing tissue healing. It can also affect the development of the oral cavity
Dietary Modifications during Pregnancy through Decades
Get PDFThe present study aimed to explore the modifications in diet during pregnancy over three generations in the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand. For the selection of the sample, the respondents were categorized in 3 age groups: 20 to 34 years; 35 to 55 years; and ≥ 56 years. Structured diet recall interviews were scheduled for the collection of data. The subjects were asked about their dietary habits during pregnancy and food items that they included and excluded during that period. Most food items mentioned included were milk, fruits, and nutritional supplements. The exclusion of fruits like banana and papaya, of rice, and of leafy green vegetables (LGVs) was mainly observed. Among the age group of ≥ 56 years, the respondents with no changes in their diet during pregnancy were more from rural areas (92%) than from urban areas (62.26%), while in the age group of 20 to 34 years, 25% of the respondents with no change in their diet lived in rural areas, and 8.06% lived in urban areas. There has been an increase in the population with dietary modifications through generations; however, the overall changes are still not satisfying. The present study shows that there is a high need for nutritional education during pregnancy, especially in rural areas
Prospective randomized controlled trial of the closure of gastrojejunal anastomosis in RYGB with absorbable and inabsorbable thread
Get PDFIntroduction: The Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is, currently, the most performed technique in Brazil. Suture threads are classified according to their degradation properties. Objective: To analyze the influence on the size of the gastrojejunal anastomosis performed in Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery, as well as the main complications with the use of absorbable or inabsorbable thread. Methods: This study followed a prospective and randomized clinical trial, initially with 40 participants, with only 37 participants being duly selected, 19 of whom underwent gastrojejunostomy closure with an absorbable (Abs) polydioxanone suture (PDS II®) and 18 with the inabsorbable (Inb) ETHIBOND®. Statistical analysis was performed using the ANOVA and logistic regression tools (p<0.05 significant). Results: General complications and Upper Digestive Endoscopy (UDE) were less frequent at the end of 12 months in both groups. At the end of twelve months, the number of complications of the Inb thread decreased considerably, while the number of complications of the Abs thread showed an increase in other complications, including marginal ulcer and intrusive thread. Despite this, there was no significant difference between groups in terms of total weight loss. There was no statistically significant difference between the final values of the anastomotic diameter. The percentage of weight loss over the 12 months was 33.77 ± 6.97% for the Inb group and 36.10 ± 4.89% for the Abs group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Both suture threads (Inb and Abs) presented similar complications and did not present significant differences between the values of weight, gastrojejunal anastomosis, and pouch
Dietary pattern of sugar canne cutters in a city of the northwest of Sao Paulo
Get PDFBackground: Sugar cane used for alcohol production is a very important economic activity in rural areas of Sao Paulo state. There is still a population of workers that are essential for cutting the plants. Therefore, the investigation of their eating habits, and the quantification of nutrient intake might help the government to develop public health and nutrition intervention programs.Methods: This was a descriptive, observational, and transversal study. The instrument used on the study was the 24-hour dietary recall applied to 71 sugar cane cutters, which was fulfilled by the researchers at the farm. Everything ingested by the workers was registered and split into portions, in every meal. Subsequently, the food ingested was analyzed as to quantities and compared to the traditional Brazilian feeding pyramid.Results: Eleven percent of the workers had 6 daily meals, prevailing 4 to 5 meals a day. Regarding the food groups, the number of portions (mean ± SD) were: bread, rice, pasta and potato, 8±2; fruits 1±1,2; vegetables 1,33±; beans 3,6±1,6; meat and eggs 4,3±1,8; milk cheese and yogurt 0,92±0,9; sugar and sweets 0,64±1,16; oil and fat 0,79±0,51.Conclusions: Based on the present data, it was possible to conclude that rural workers that work on sugar cane crops have an inadequate dietary patter with reduced food variety, consisting basically of bread, rice, beans and cattle meat
O papel da terapia nutrológica no combate e prevenção da síndrome metabólica
Get PDFThe changes experienced by contemporary society brought new rhythm and way of life. However, problems are associated with them: incorrect diet, sedentary lifestyle and stress trigger of many chronic degenerative diseases, like heart disease, diabetes and metabolic syndrome (MS). One of the alternatives sought by the medical sciences, in association with other areas of knowledge, is the research regarding nutrients that might contribute to health. This review presents recent work on the role of dietary factors in preventing and combating the morbidity associated with MS, in particular the inclusion of foods with antioxidant properties for preventive treatments.
As transformações experimentadas pela sociedade contemporânea trouxeram novo ritmo e modo de vida. Porém, nelas estão associados problemas como alimentação incorreta, sedentarismo e estresse, elementos desencadeadores de doenças crônico-degenerativas, como as cardiopatias, o diabetes melito e a síndrome metabólica. Uma das alternativas buscadas pelas ciências médicas, em associação com outras áreas do conhecimento, são as pesquisas acerca de nutrientes que tragam contributos a saúde. O presente trabalho apresenta uma revisão de estudos recentes sobre o papel dos fatores nutrológicos na prevenção e combate às morbidades associadas à síndrome metabólica (SM) e traz apontamento para novos estudos que avaliem o papel da nutroterapia na SM, em especial a inserção de alimentos com propriedades antioxidantes nos tratamentos preventivos
O papel do estado nutrológico no metabolismo das doenças crônico-catabólicas
Get PDFIntroduction: The incidence and prevalence of cardiac insufficiency in the west countries is increasing, turning it into a public health problem. The protein energy malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies is a complication of CI, making important the nutritional status evaluation in these patients. Objective: To evaluate the nutrological profile of patients with cardiac insufficiency. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study where 30 patients with CI from Cardiology Clinics of Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine- São Paulo University. The nutrological status was evaluated by food frequency questionnaire, questions regarding digestive tract function, observation of the presence of clinical signs that might indicate nutrient deficiency, anthropometry and bioeletrical impedance. Results: The protein intake was below the recommended level in 25% of the patients. The phosphorus intake was within the recommended level whereas the sodium intake was above. Regarding body mass index, 35% of the patients were classified as overweight and 21% as obese. Regarding skinfold measurements 35% of men and 40% of the women were classified as having adipose tissue deficit and in accordance with bioelectrical impedance analysis 8% presented percent body fat below the mean. Conclusion: This population of patients with CI showed deficient protein and micronutrient intake although the body mass index compatible with overweight and obesity. This finding makes urgent a closed look at dietary habit of CI patients
O paciente obeso internado pode e deve emagrecer
Get PDFIntroduction: The number of obese patients has grown in parallel with increasing obesity in the population. Objective: To discuss the importance of diet therapy for healthy weight loss for acutely ill obese patients. Material and Methods: Reviewed the following databases: Cochrane, Lilacs, PubMed / Medline and Scielo articles related to the topic. Results and Discussion: The literature recommends the weight loss for obese patients, even when acutely ill, since obesity negatively predicts the majority of metabolic and infectious diseases that bring the patient to the hospital. Conclusions: A low-calorie diet therapy, with high protein levels is indicated for morbidly obese patients admitted except those hypercatabolic, which improves overall prognosis
Intervenções Nutrológicas em Pacientes Adultos Infectados pelo Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana
Get PDFPatients living with HIV/AIDS are at increased nutritional risk at some stage of the disease, and require care from a multidisciplinary team. Nutrition and HIV infection are two pillars having a dependent and cyclic interaction, wherein malnutrition directly affects cellular immunity and, when this is reduced by a result of infection, can lead to malnutrition. Weight loss is considered an independent predictor of mortality in infected individuals. For patients with observed weight loss, you should aim to restore it with a multidisciplinary approach, ensuring proper nutrition, exercise and, if necessary, introduction of drugs. This review article aims to explain the relationship of the HIV virus with the nutritional status of the patient, including assessment of micro and macronutrients, and also to discuss treatment options for weight loss commonly seen in the history of the disease
Atividade física, nutrição, farmacoterapia; a obesidade e seus tratamentos: uma revisão da literatura
Get PDFThe main point of this review is to evaluate strategies and pharmacological methods or not for obesity or overweight treatment. Obesity is now one of the major diseases of modern life. Nutritional transition trends occurring during this century direct to a more westernized diet, which, combined with a decrease in physical activity, converge for a high number of obesity all around the world. This represents an increase in morbidity and mortality associated with obesity, once it is a risk factor for several diseases. As a CNCD (chronic non-communicable disease), the IHME (Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation) attributes 3.4 million deaths and a prevalence of 37% of the adult population with obesity and overweight from 1980 - 2013. Obesity presents itself not only as a scientific and public health problem, but also as a challenge to the industry involving the development of drugs, modified foods, among others, and even government strategies encouraging regular physical activity and dietary orientation to promote improvement of healthy habits. Thus, the evaluation of resources and strategies to prevent obesity are objects of study of many researchers all around the world