International Journal of Nutrology
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An ethical review on the search for performance: evidence-based nutrology and the use without indication of anabolic steroids
Full text linkThis study aimed to evaluate what is new in the controversial use of testosterone, as an indication in pathologies such as hypogonadism or its use by athletes and bodybuilders in search of performance. Much is said about the subject and many myths were created without any scientific foundation, one of the objectives of the monograph is to show that when there is a precise clinical indication, testosterone is necessary and extremely beneficial to the patient. It was evaluated in current literature through books and articles, advances in physiology, regulation, treatment of late adult hypogonadism, incidence of use and the most common analogues used by athletes, the harms and benefits expected from the use of the hormone and especially what we have again on cardiovascular safety in testosterone use. After an extensive review, it is still not possible to affirm all the benefits and harms of using the hormone, many old studies are disputed in new studies and even presented results opposite to what was previously believed
Bio-electric impedance as a tool to assess hydration in critically ill patients: an integrative review
Full text linkIntroduction: Assessing the hydration status of critically ill patients has been a difficult task over the decades. Determining how much fluid overload a patient has often helped in choosing a therapy. Methods such as bioelectrical impedance have been approached as a useful tool for this purpose. Objective: This study proposes to verify, through research in the literature, what is the real importance of the clinical use of bioelectrical impedance in the diagnosis of fluid overload in critically ill patients hospitalized in intensive care units. Methods: bibliographic search in the main scientific information databases: Scielo, PubMed, Cochrane, and Lilacs from January 2000 to July 2018. The selected languages were Spanish, Portuguese, and English. The keywords used were bioelectrical impedance, hydration, Intensive Care Unit, Intensive Care, bioelectrical impedance analysis, fluid balance, hydration overload. Results and Conclusion: The analysis of fluid overload in critically ill patients can be performed using multifrequency bioelectrical impedance. It is a useful tool in the diagnosis as well as in the quantification of water overload and, therefore, a corroborative method for clinical decision-making
Nutritional approach in the prevention and treatment of knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review
Full text linkOsteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent joint disease, considered the rheumatic condition with the greatest consequences in terms of socioeconomic impacts, especially knee osteoarthritis since it makes walking difficult. To date, there is no cure for OA, so available treatments aim to reduce symptoms such as pain and inflammation, maintain joint mobility, and limit the loss of function. As OA has a known inflammatory component, it is believed that nutrition can play a vital role in the prevention and ongoing management of OA. This article aims to analyze the available evidence in the prevention and treatment of knee OA with a dietary intervention that may play a potential role in the management of the disease. To carry out this literature review, articles were searched in the Scielo, Pubmed, and Bireme databases with the time frame of the last 10 years. The results showed that some nutrients, vitamins, and antioxidants are widely discussed in the literature in the treatment and prevention of the disease. Management of free radicals is necessary and the influence of nutrients and diet on cartilage and OA metabolism may represent a long-term adjuvant alternative in the treatment of patients with knee OA. Effects of dietary modifications on lipid and cholesterol profiles, adequate vitamin levels, and weight reduction in obese patients may influence the course of the disease
The importance of dietary balance at COVID-19: the systematic review
Full text linkIntroduction: COVID-19 disease has been heralded as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. Dietary therapy and immunity play a decisive role in SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this sense, the lack of regulation and the excessive immune response to the viral stimulus produces an exacerbated pro-inflammatory cytokines (cytokine storm), reaching the state of hyperinflammation. Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the main considerations in the management of dietary therapy in the control or prophylaxis of COVID-19. Methods: Clinical studies with qualitative and/or quantitative analysis were included, following the rules of the systematic review-PRISMA. Results: A total of 370 articles were found involving dietary therapy, immunity, and COVID-19. A total of 107 articles were evaluated in full, and 28 were included and discussed in this study. Underlying systemic inflammation is believed to exacerbate COVID-19 infection. Studies have shown that there is a high risk of mortality in individuals with pre-existing health problems, such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and obesity. Nutritional status is known to play a significant role in patient outcomes. It is necessary to follow a diet characterized by anti-inflammatory properties to benefit or prevent COVID-19. Adequate supplies of zinc, selenium, and vitamin D are essential for resistance to other viral infections, immune function, and reduced inflammation. There are nutritional triggers to favor immune-strengthening responses, as well as improving the performance of mitosis, meiosis, and all cellular functioning, all of this functioning is directly integrated with the energy balance and nutritional status of the body. Endogenous metabolites and nutrients in the diet can directly influence epigenetic enzymes. Conclusion: It is necessary to control the activities of inflammatory mediators through modifiable risk factors, such as diet, exercise, and healthy lifestyle choices to control or prevent the harmful effects of COVID-19
Use of growth hormone in region 19p13.3 microduplication syndrome in girl with central early puberty: a clinical case report
Full text linkChromosomal mutations involving 19p13.3 have been described as pathogenic. clinical and phenotypic features can include, in most cases, psychomotor development delay, microcephaly, typical facial appearance, hand and foot anomalies, umbilical hernia, hypotonia, and low percentage of lean mass. The main types of mutation found on this chromosome are deletion or duplication. Short stature is often the cause of medical demand and the use of exogenous GH for patients with this syndrome is not beneficial. This article reports the case of a 5-year-old girl who sought medical help due to short stature and was diagnosed with this syndrome. Furthermore, this case study may contribute to the dissemination in the medical community about the association of this genetic mutation with the child's clinical condition, warning about this syndrome, and the possibility of the occurrence of early puberty. This study was analyzed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CEP) according to a substantiated opinion number 4.765.113
Major metabolic and metabolomic approaches of dietary therapy in the control of inflammatory obesity processes in COVID-19: a concise systematic review
Full text linkIntroduction: Obesity stands out as a multifactorial disease that can cause several public health problems. Currently, more than 30% of the world's population is overweight or obese. By 2020, it is estimated that over 60% of the world population will be overweight or obese. It has been postulated that a healthy nutritional status promotes immune function and can prevent the onset of a severe inflammatory process and severe infections, especially in times of pandemics such as COVID-19. The optimal immune response depends on proper diet and nutrition to keep the infection under control. Objective: This study analyzed the main interactions of dietary therapy in the control of obesity and its comorbidities, especially meta-inflammation. Methods: This study followed a systematic review model. The search strategy was performed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, using scientific articles from 2009 to 2021. The low quality of evidence was attributed to case reports, editorials, and brief communications, according to the GRADE instrument. The risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: 105 studies were analyzed and submitted to eligibility analysis, and then 42 high to medium quality studies were selected. Biases did not compromise the scientific basis of the studies. Research has shown that unbalanced dietary patterns, such as the Western diet, rich in simple sugars, refined carbohydrates, saturated and trans-fatty acids, lead to chronic inflammatory responses, increased fat deposition, and future comorbidities associated with overweight and obesity. In addition, some nutrients have important effects in decreasing the inflammatory response and in metabolic restoration, reducing oxidative stress. Therefore, adequate dietary interventions for the management of overweight and obesity are needed, especially starting early in children and adolescents for healthy growth, preventing comorbidities in adulthood
Gluten intolerance and hashimoto thyroiditis: an integrated review
Full text linkThe advent of agriculture about 10,000 years ago enabled the massive and widespread use of grains containing gluten in food. Thus, it represented an evolutionary challenge that has not yet been overcome and created the conditions for the development of diseases related to exposure to gluten in humans. The so-called hypersensitivity involves any abnormal reaction resulting from eating a particular food. We are now looking at another interesting phenomenon that is causing great confusion among healthcare professionals. The number of individuals embracing a gluten-free diet appears far greater than the predicted number of celiac patients, fueling a global gluten-free product market approaching $2.5 billion (US) in global sales in 2010. This trend is supported by the notion that, along with celiac disease, other conditions related to gluten intake have emerged as health concerns. Hashimoto's Thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease and the most common cause of hypothyroidism in our environment. It occurs with high familial aggregation and there seems to be a clear genetic predisposition, with an apparent autosomal dominant inheritance of autoantibodies in affected individuals. Food intolerance and allergies and intestinal permeability can accompany hypothyroidism. Food (food intolerance and allergies), bacteria, viruses, chemicals, excess bacterial growth in the intestine, intestinal permeability, and contaminants are the main culprits for the autoimmune thyroid disease – Hashimoto's thyroiditis