International Journal of Nutrology
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A community public health programme to control iron-deficiency anemia through iron-fortification of drinking water
Get PDFOn a global basic, an estimated 2 billion people are iron deficient or anaemic with small children and child bearing age women most likely to be affected. In Brazil a recent 2009 meta-analysis of anaemia considered it to be a serious public health problem affecting 53% of children under 5 years. Fortification and supplementation of food can make and important contribution to the reduction of iron anaemia. Our studies on anaemia and iron fortification of drinking water showed a large prevalence of anaemia among under 5 children attending day-care institutions. After 3 to 6 months drinking iron fortified water it was shown a decrease of anaemic children. It was shown that the iron fortification of drinking water can be considered an easy and practical way to supply iron to children at community level. It is a vehicle available everywhere. It is consumed everyday by everyone, has a much lower price than any other iron food carrier and/or pharmaceutical supplements. The water may be easily fortified locally, the iron sulfate is low-priced and used in small amounts with highly bioavailable iron. Its effectiveness was scientifically shown and was strategically supported by the Community, the Public Health Workers and got Municipal Government approval and support
Estudo do nível sérico de ácido úrico em pacientes coronariopatas
Get PDFEstudos em nosso meio que tenham avaliado a prevalência da hiperuricemia em pacientes portadores de doença arterial coronariana, para o nosso conhecimento são escassos. Desta maneira, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de níveis séricos de ácido úrico elevados (maior que 6,0 mg/dl) nos pacientes atendidos pelo ambulatório de Cardiopatia Isquêmica da Divisão de Cardiologia, da FMRP-USP e buscar uma correlação estatística entre a hiperuricemia e o maior número de artérias acometidas ao cateterismo
Síndrome de realimentação em pacientes hospitalizados: série de casos e revisão da literatura
Get PDFRefeeding syndrome (RS) is an underdiagnosed complication of nutrologicaltherapy in which multiple systems can be affected, including cardiovascular, respiratory, hematological, musculoskeletal, and neurological. Some key features are fluid overload, decrease in serum electrolyte levels mainly the ones with intracellular predominance (phosphorus, magnesium and potassium), altered glucose metabolism (hyperglycemia) and vitamin and trace element deficiency. The aim of this manuscriptis to conduct a brief report of four cases and review the literature correlating it with the cases described
Terapia nutricional de quilotórax bilateral secundário à doença de Hodgkin: um relato de caso
Get PDFChylothorax is defined as the accumulation of triglyceride-rich fluid in the pleural space. It is a condition with several possible etiologies, the prognosis is poor and mortality is high when associated with malignancies. This report describes a rare case of bilateral chylothorax in a 59 years old man, secondary to relapsed Hodgkin’s lymphoma, with emphasis on nutritional management. Due to the presence of moderate malnutrition prior to admission, defined by the Subjective Global Assessment, opted for exclusive peripheral parenteral nutrition associated with chemotherapy, with significant improvement. Oral medium chain triglycerides (MCT) were not offered
Can the consumption of Seeds, Leaves and Fruit Peels avoid the risk factors for Cardiovascular Disorders?
Get PDFChanges in the feeding pattern of the population have recently led to a greater occurrence of cardiovascular risk factors that contribute to a high rate of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The presence of beneficial bioactive compounds in fruits and processed sub-products have proven to have a negative association with risk factors, such as blood pressure reduction, plasmatic lipoproteins control and increased resistance of LDL-c to oxidation, in addition to glycemic control and antioxidant effects. The aim of this review is to show that several studies have demonstrated many different chemical compounds in seeds, leaves and fruit peels, including their metabolic and physiologic effects on the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. We reviewed the relevant literature by searching English-language publications in Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scielo and Lilacs, and references from relevant articles published since 2010, especially in the last five years. Eighty-seven relevant articles were included
Transaminases persistentemente elevadas - o que fazer?
Get PDFThe persistent hypertransaminasemia requires detailed clinical analyses with history, physical examination and laboratory tests for liver evaluation and differential diagnosis. The purpose of this article is to assist the pediatrician in the management of these cases to optimize the invetigation and diagnosis of these patients. The values of these enzymes can vary according to age group and may be the first manifestation of a liver disease, or metabolic, genetic or extrahepatic disease
Evaluation of Blood Glucose before and after Bariatric Surgery
Get PDFFor original articles it must be prepared in a structured form containing a maximum of 250 words. It must contain: Background Specific aim Methods Results and Conclusion. For brief communications case reports and review articles the abstract must be structured and limited to 150 words. Enter the words (or keywords) using the DECS - Descriptors in Health Science Bireme http://decs.bvs.br/ available. Three key-words at least are necessary separated by commas. Do not cite references in the abstract. Text: Divide the text according to the type of article (see detailed information on the item of Content Items; no punctuation should follow their titles). The Introduction should make a brief review of relevant literature in order to demonstrate the relevance of the study. Methods must be described so that the reader understands how the search has been conducted. In human research, it is mandatory to inform the existence of informed consent and approval by the medical ethics committee. The results should be presented in a consistent manner and linked to the goals and methods described. Discussion should reiterate the main findings of the manuscript the negative aspects discuss and compare the importance and implications of the findings. The conclusion must be made so that the author refrains from interference or not deductions based on the findings of the study. In original articles the process number of the Committee or the Ethics Committee of the Institution should be informed. Any financial support for research should be disclosed
Micronutrient Influence in Thyroid Function: A Review
Get PDFThe thyroid produces and secretes adequate amounts of hormones that regulate various physiological processes, including growth, development, metabolism, and reproductive function. The production and metabolism of thyroid hormones are dependent on micronutrients such as iodine, selenium, zinc and iron. Iodine is essential for the proper synthesis of thyroid hormones. The risk of iodine deficiency is high in places where the food consumed comes from iodine-deficient sources. To avoid complications, various government strategies have been developed to enrich food with this element. Selenium is incorporated in the deiodinases, which are enzymes that also play an essential role in the metabolism of thyroid hormones, in addition to contributing to the antioxidant defense in the thyroid. Zinc participates in the process of deiodination, in addition to being necessary for the T3 receptor to adopt its biologically active confirmation. Iron is found in hemeproteins, including thyroid peroxidase (TPO), which participates in the first two stages of thyroid hormone biosynthesis. Deficiencies of these elements can impair thyroid function. In general, the influence of micronutrients on thyroid function reveals the need for more research to increase scientific knowledge so that preventive and therapeutic measures can be taken regarding thyroid dysfunctions, to maintain a healthy thyroid
Relationship between Expenses on Nutritional Therapy and Mortality Rate in Public Hospitals in Salvador, Bahia: An Ecological Study
Get PDFNutritional therapy (NT) is a set of procedures that maintain or recover the nutritional status. In hospitals, there is a prevalence of 15% to 60% of cases of malnourishment. Malnutrition is related to an increase in infections, immune system dysfunction, longer hospital length of stay and higher mortality. Therefore, a multidisciplinary nutrition therapy team (MNTT) is indispensable. There are gaps regarding the impact of these procedures. The present study aims to analyze the relationship between the expenses on NT and the mortality rate in public hospitals in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The present is an ecological study, and data were collected from the Computer Sciences Department of the Brazilian Unified Health System (DATASUS, in Portuguese), regarding the expenses on enteral nutritional therapy (ENT) and parenteral nutritional therapy (PNT) and the mortality rate in public hospitals, from January 2008 to December 2018. The analyses were developed to enable the determination of the exposure associated with the health indicator studied through the adjustment of the curves. The expenses on NT correlated with the mortality rate were represented as a geometric regression curve, revealing a negative β coefficient (-0.3648), showing an inversely proportional relationship (p = 0.0096). For the expenses on ENT, a geometric regression was evidenced, revealing a negative β coefficient (-1.8790), demonstrating an inversely proportional relationship (p = 0.0034). The expenses on PNT evidenced a logarithmic regression, revealing a negative β coefficient (-9824,7295), but with no statistical significance (p = 0.4767). Hospitals that do not provide NT have shown a growth tendency regarding the mortality rate. We concluded that the implementation of a MNTT in public hospitals seems to reduce the mortality rate in the hospital
Benefícios do ômega 3 na prevenção de doença cardiovascular: Revisão integrativa de literatura
Get PDFIntroduction: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), a fat found in plant foods, and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), both found in fish, have been considered relevant substances for the maintenance of health, so that supplementation is being considered relevant for the reduction of cardiovascular risks. Objective: To identify and analyze the scientific evidence available in the literature on the contribution of omega 3 in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Materials and Methods: Integrative literature review, with deference to materials published in the Scielo and PubMed databases, which considered as inclusion criteria articles published in the last 5 years, available in full, in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, which addressed the proposed theme; the exclusion criteria were editorials, letters to the editor, review studies, theses, dissertations, and duplicate articles that did not correspond to the theme. Results: Based on the aforementioned scientific evidence, the body's omega-3 indices are relevant to identify possible cardiovascular risk, so it can therefore be used as an objective for treatment when there is a possible risk for these manifestations. This risk factor can be modified by taking EPA and DHA. The standard 1 g/day dose of EPA and DHA recommended by cardiac societies is, however, probably far from ideal for everyone, as not only this standard dose but also diet, individual genetic history, body mass index, calorie intake and disposal, and other factors all together probably determine a person's level of omega-3 fatty acids. Therefore, it is suggested that the omega-3 index acts not only as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but that other contexts allied to the patient's lifestyle should be considered. Conclusion: Diet or supplementation of these nutrients may result in cardiovascular and other types of benefits to society as a whole