International Journal of Nutrology
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Ortorexia nervosa: um desafio para o nutrólogo
Get PDFThe orthorexia nervosa is related with obsessive thoughts about healthy nutrition. This symptom has not been officially recognized as an eating disorder yet, not being present in the DSM -V. However, the literature discusses the concept of orthorexia nervosa that includes these characteristics, interactions, signs and symptoms and treatment. This work shows a systematic literature review of forty-three articles published since 1997 in order to map the knowledge about orthorexia to this date. This work focused on the importance of physician specialist in nutrology on diagnosis and monitoring these patients with a multidisciplinary team. The definition of risk groups and the criteria for diagnosis creating auxiliary methods as the ORTHO -15 are essential for the early diagnosis of this condition. The treatment of orthorexia requires a multidisciplinary team, involving nutritional experts, doctors, psychiatrists, psychologists, nutritionists, physical educator. In some cases, anti-serotoninergic drugs may be required as part of the treatment. Conclusion: More research is needed to define the diagnostic criteria and the prevalence of this eating disorder
Efeitos dos ácidos graxos Ômega-3 no tratamento do transtorno depressivo maior: uma revisão
Get PDFThe increased prevalence of depression in western countries has been accompanied by parallel increase of cardiovascular diseases and changes in eating habits, with an imbalance of consumption of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids. Recently, new therapeutic indications have been proposed for omega-3, such as the treatment of certain forms of mental illness, including depressive disorders. The objective of this study was to evaluate the current knowledge about the biological mechanisms of action of omega-3 in the prevention or treatment of major depressive disorder. The method adopted for the preparation of this review was based on a literature review of articles published in the international scientific research database sites such as Pubmed. The results presented in this review showed that there is an inverse association between the intake of omega-3 and prevalence of depression. Studies show that omega-3 acts as anti-inflammatory and improves the serotonergic and dopaminergic neurotransmission. However, there is significant need for further long-term studies to clarify the therapeutic dose and efficacy of omega-3 as monotherapy or adjunct for the treatment of major depressive disorder
Impacto do microbioma intestinal no Eixo Cérebro-Intestino
Get PDFBackground: Gut microbiome has an important influence not only in the gastrointestinal function, but also in the immune modulation, intercellular and neuro-endocrine signaling, and in the communication between the Enteric Nervous System and the Central Nervous System, the so called Gut-Brain Axis. Methods: The aim of this paper was to search literature from the databases PubMed, Scielo and Google Scholar to identify recent knowledge regarding the relations between the microbiome and the Gut-Brain Axis function. Findings: Microbiome is stablished since the very first days of life, and suffers the influence of several external factors. Throughout the first years of life, a symbiotic relationship with the host is stablished. Since then, the gut microbiome provides a great influence in the communication of the Gut-Brain Axis. Modifications on its profile could be involved in genesis of mental morbidities, like schizophrenia, depression, autism, and also exacerbation on stress responses. Conclusions: Early life stimulations are implicated with the gut microbiome bacteria profile, which outcomes are for life. Modifications in the microbiome profile could result in impairment of the development of several organic systems, specially on neurodevelopment, rising risk of mental diseases in the adulthood
Editorial
Get PDFPrezados colegas e participantes do XXII Congresso Brasileiro de Nutrologia,
Esse espaço científico tem como objetivo promover a troca de conhecimentos médicos nutricionais entre profissionais da área de nutrição e que pesquisam com bases científicas sólidas a realização de experimentos dentro do contexto da Nutrologia e das ciências nutricionais no presente momento.
Esta é a XXII edição do Congresso Brasileiro de Nutrologia, que juntamente com a XXII Conferência sobre Obesidade e Síndrome Metabólica, visa trazer conhecimentos científicos, observando-se nessas últimas edições, um aumento significativo da presença de colegas interessados na área de Nutrologia, de nutrição médica, das ciências nutricionais.
A congregação de todos esses profissionais e estudantes na realização de trabalhos científicos, cujo conteúdo aqui está publicado, efetivamente traz ainda mais aprendizagem e atualização com o objetivo de transmitir esses conhecimentos aos seus respectivos pacientes e outros experimentos científicos.
Desejo que aproveitem a grandiosidade dos anais do XXII Congresso Brasileiro de Nutrologia para que toda a população possa ter algum grau de contribuição para uma melhoria da profilaxia e tratamento das enfermidades nutroneurometabólicas.
A Associação Brasileira de Nutrologia, especialidade médica do Conselho Federal de Medicina e Associação Médica Brasileira, muito agradece a gentil e honrosa participação de todos que direta ou indiretamente contribuíram para a realização desses trabalhos científicos e consequente publicação desses anais.
Uma ótima leitura a todos
Avaliação dos níveis de ferritina e vitamina B12 em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica suplementados com polivitamínico
Get PDFThe nutritional deficiencies of iron and vitamin B12 are the major changes that endanger the success of bariatric surgery. The objective of this study was to evaluate ferritin and vitamin B12 levels in patients with Grade III obesity of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), who underwent Roux-en-Y gastrojejunal shunting (BPGYR) supplemented free of charge with the Materna® product his multivitamin was distributed to 40 patients free of charge for 24 months and 23 patients, the control group, did not receive the drug. The comparison of ferritin and vitamin B12 in patients submitted to BPGYR, with free supplementation were superior to those observed for the control group. It is concluded that the free supply of Materna® by SUS to patients submitted to BPGYR is a recommended measure for adequate control and adherence of the patient to the treatment
Use of Antioxidants in Cardiovascular Surgery
Get PDFMorbidity and mortality due to postoperative complications, related to inflammation and systemic oxidative stress, of coronary artery bypass grafting is high and inadmissible. It is suggested that numerous adverse outcomes may be caused by the systemic effect of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). One of the most damaging consequences of these events is the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and radicals, which originate from a variety of cellular and enzymatic sources, such as myocardial cells, activated neutrophils, or endothelial xanthine oxidase. Many studies have described the nature of these ROS and the time of their formation during CPB. With the goal of reducing these damages, studies have investigated the use of antioxidant supplements during CPB. The present study focused on the time course of the innate antioxidant activity (antioxidant enzymes and overall antioxidant capacity in plasma) in patients undergoing CABG. The methodology used was the literature review
Alergia alimentar ao trigo
Get PDFFood allergy is the name given to the adverse reactions to foods that surround immunological mechanisms, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Wheat allergy develops when the body's immune system becomes sensitive and reacts immoderately to any of the wheat proteins. Allergic reaction is classified according to the immunological mechanism involved, may be measured by IgE, or by mixed reactions when they occur with the collaboration of mechanisms mediated with cytokines and proinflammatory T-lymphocytes, or by immunocomplexes, or cytotoxic reactions. Approximately 6% of children under the age of 3, and ∼ 4% of adults have allergic disorders caused by food. The present study aims to do a revision about food allergy to wheat, including its clinical manifestation, diagnoses and treatment. This monograph was performed in the reference databases Lilacs and Scielo using the following health descriptors: allergy, allergic reaction, and wheat. Regarding the treatment, the most efficient and guaranteed still is the absolute extraction of the allergen from the diet, which in the present case is wheat Taking into account the above considerations, this study verified the frequent concern about the development of food allergies worldwide and concludes the importance of new studies related to the treatment of allergy to wheat to reduce allergic reactions, maintain the nutritional state, and increase the quality of life
Posicionamento atual sobre vitamina D na prática clínica: Posicionamento da Associação Brasileira de Nutrologia (Abran)
Get PDFObjective: To establish a position statement to standardize the recommendations of the Brazilian Association of Nutrology related to vitamin D deficiency management in the clinical practice with an emphasis on the diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Methods: We present an update on the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency, based on the most recent scientific evidence, including an extensive data review of PubMed, Lilacs and SciELO. Results: Based on the recent information obtained in contrast to previous published Brazilian and American guidelines, the authors drafted the agreement, which was approved by the scientific board of the Brazilian Association of Nutrology. Conclusion: After a critical analysis of the most recent data, a scientific update regarding vitamin D management was presented resulting in the present institutional guide from the Brazilian Association of Nutrology about the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this condition in Brazil
Aspectos comportamentais e ambientais associados às dificuldades alimentares na infância: Estudo com grupo controle
Get PDFObjectives: To investigate factors associated with the presence of feeding difficulties (FD) in childhood, among dynamics of meals and parenting practices. Methods: This is an observational case-control study. For the group of children with FD, the information was taken from the the medical records of the patients. For the group of children without FD, a convenience sampling was used (approaching families in emergency care units). The interviews were based on a structured questionnaire and was applied in the same version for the case and control groups. Results: The case group was composed mainly of male individuals, while the control group was divided equally between genders. The mean age was lower in the case group when compared with the control group. There was a lower frequency of sharing meals in the families of children with FD, especially for reasons of stress, such as a higher occurrence of longer meals. There was even greater risk of developing FD in children who performed meals in inappropriate environments, with less autonomy, and caregivers in the case group showed a greater chance of not respecting the hunger signs of the child, using coercion and distraction strategies during meals. Conclusion: The authoritarian style was associated with the presence of FD. Parenting practices and all factors that affect meals should be considered and followed-up. The family dynamic and meals shown are modified in the group with FD. Such behaviors must be evaluated and guided during the monitoring of the food complaint, as they make up the scenario of the complaint
Consensus of the Brazilian Association of Nutrology on Milky Feeding of Children Aged 1–5 Years Old
Get PDFObjective: To publish a consensus on the milky feeding of children aged between 1 and 5 years old, in the face of the nonuniformity of indication and the lack of standardization, in Brazil, on the nomenclature and classification of milky products produced for this stage. Methods: Literature review and members discussion. Results: The review showed the nutrition deficiencies among Brazilian children and the position of different medical societies. Conclusions: Recommendations of milky feeding are proposed for government area, industry and health care professionals