International journal of health sciences
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Short-Term outcomes of robotic versus laparoscopic total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer
Full text linkBackground: Robotic surgery is regarded as a new modality to surpass the technical limitations of conventional surgery. Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the intestinal function recovery time and other short-term outcomes between laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (L-TME) and robotic-assisted total mesorectal excision (R-TME) for rectal cancer. Patients and methods: This study was conducted at Ali bn Ali hospital in corporation with Soliman Fakeeh Hospital. This study was conducted on 150 patients those who received minimally invasive rectal resection with TME for curative intent were categorized into two groups: 75 cases were enrolled in L-TME and 75 cases in R-TME group. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the studied groups regarding sex, age, BMI, ASA medical history, tumor characters, type of operation, operation time, lymph nodes harvested, duration of drainage tube, urinary tract infection, wound infection, anastomotic leakage, anastomotic bleeding and small bowel instruction. There was statistically significant difference between the studied groups regarding blood loss and urinary retention. There was highly statistically significant difference regarding length of hospital stays, time of first liquid diet and time of first flatus.
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the essential oil extracted from Leucas Martinicensis and larvicidal effect on Anopheles Gambiae Giles 1902
Full text linkObjectives : The present work aimed to conduct a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the essential oil of Leucas Martinicensis and to evaluate its larvicidal effect on Anopheles gambiae ss. Methods : The plant used was collected in Maroua in August 2023, the essential oil was obtained through hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus. Phytochemical analysis was carried out using standard qualitative and quantitative methods. The tests involved evaluating the mortality of larvae following a methodology of the WHO. Results: Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the essential oil revealed the presence of various phytochemical constituents such as polyphenols (17.87±0.44g equivalent gallic acid/100g DM), terpenoids (30.62±0.6g equivalent lupeol/100g DM), flavonoids (13.61±0.38g equivalent quercetin/100g DM), tannins (8.83±0.23g equivalent catechin/100g DM), and saponins (5.94±0.51g equivalent galactose/100g DM). The results of biological tests showed strong larvicidal activity. Indeed, the essential oil killed 100% of the larvae at the following concentrations and times: 50ppm in 24 hours, 100ppm in 12 hours, 150ppm in 8 hours, and 200ppm and 250ppm in 6 hours. Conclusion : The presence of various phytochemicals suggests its potential as a natural source of bioactive compounds. The significant larvicidal activity observed from the essential oil indicates its possible application in the phytopharmaceutical industries.
Strategy of Indonesian advertising industry in designing advertisements in the digital media era
Full text linkTechnological advances and changes in media as well as changes in viewing behavior in the digital era have implications for changes in the management of the advertising industry, especially in designing advertisements. In the conventional era, advertising only serves limited media, television, radio, print media, and outdoors. Ad messaging is designed simply because it involves only one platform. The nature of the relationship between media and consumers goes one way. In the era of digital media, advertising service platforms are very diverse. This study aims to understand how advertising industry players as advertising design designers create new advertising strategies in the digital era. The qualitative research method involved 5 informants from advertising industry players in Indonesia, namely advertising industry leaders at the central and regional levels, the general chairman of the Central Indonesian Advertising Company and the Chairman of the Central Java branch of the Advertising Industry as well as practitioners in the creative field of the advertising industry. The study results show that the advertising industry's strategy in answering the challenge of media technology dynamism involves creating new designs on all elements, including human resources, skills to master technology, device preparation, and digital skills
Factors related to the physical home environment on the incidence of acute respiratory tract infections in toddlers in the working area of the Nusa Bakti Public Health Center, East Ogan Komering Ulu Regency
Full text linkAcute Respiratory Tract Infection (ARI) is a disease of the upper and lower respiratory tract, this disease often affects infants, children, the elderly, and/or people with existing health problems. Complications that can arise if ARI is not immediately treated can result in lung infections, infections of the meninges, decreased consciousness, and can even cause death. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between parental environmental knowledge and acute respiratory infections in toddlers. This research method used a quantitative research type with a cross-sectional approach. The results of the study showed a relationship between the environment and parental knowledge about acute respiratory infections. It is hoped that this study will improve parental knowledge and environmental cleanliness regarding the dangers of acute respiratory infections (ARI)
The Role of HbA1C & glycated albumin as predictors of cardiovascular outcome post-myocardial infarction in diabetic patients: A matched case-control study
Full text linkBackground: Diabetes mellitus significantly increases the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes following ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Glycaemic markers like HbA1C and glycated albumin (GA) may serve as prognostic indicators, but their predictive validity in Indian diabetic populations remains underexplored. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the prognostic value of HbA1C and GA in predicting adverse cardiovascular outcomes post-MI in diabetic patients. Methods: A matched case-control study was conducted among 260 type II diabetic STEMI patients in a tertiary care hospital. Cases were those developing post-MI complications; age- and sex-matched controls who did not. Glycaemic markers and clinical risk factors were analyzed using conditional logistic regression and ROC analysis. Results: Raised HbA1C and GA levels were significantly associated with higher odds of post-MI complications (aOR: 5.55 and 10.9, respectively). GA showed superior diagnostic accuracy (AUC: 0.948) and specificity (57.6%) over HbA1C. Conclusion: GA is a promising biomarker for risk stratification in diabetic patients post-MI and may complement HbA1C in clinical practice. Keywords: Cardio-vascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Glycated albumin, HbA1C, Myocardial Infarctio
Study of the combined protective effect of adrenomedullin and exercise on induced fatty liver in male albino rats: A possible role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha
Full text linkBackground: Adrenomedullin (AM) is a key antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent vital for disease prevention throughout the body, while regular physical exercise helps prevent severe obesity and related complications like non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL). This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of AM and regular exercise on fatty liver disease (FLD). Methods: This study involved 50 male rats divided into five groups: Group I received a normal diet for 8 weeks (control), Group II was given a high-fat high-cholesterol diet (HFHCD) to induce fatty liver, Group III received HFHCD plus daily subcutaneous adrenomedullin (50 ng/kg) for 8 weeks, Group IV received HFHCD plus moderate swimming exercise (1 hour/day, 5 days/week) for 6 weeks, and Group V received HFHCD along with both AM and exercise for 8 weeks. Results: In fatty liver-induced rats (GII): serum liver enzymes, lipid profile, hepatic MDA and NF-κB levels significantly increased, while hepatic PPAR-α and TAC significantly decreased compared to controls (GI). Treatment with A.M (GIII), exercise (GIV), or both (GV) significantly reversed these effects. GV showed the most improvement but not fully restoring levels to those of GI. Conclusions: AM and regular exercise together protect against FLD by reducing inflammation, fat content and liver damage
Study of clinical, laboratory, and radiological predictors for predicting the difficulty level of laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Full text linkLaparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has become the gold-standard treatment for symptomatic gallstone disease. While often a routine procedure, its difficulty can vary, with some cases presenting significant technical challenges. A difficult LC is associated with increased operative time, higher rates of conversion to open surgery, and a greater risk of complications such as bile duct injury. Therefore, accurately predicting the difficulty level before surgery is crucial for patient counseling, surgical planning, and improving outcomes. This article explores the key clinical, laboratory, and radiological factors used to predict the difficulty of LC. Preoperative assessment of the patient’s clinical history, laboratory results, and radiological findings is essential for predicting the difficulty of a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. By identifying high-risk patients, surgeons can optimize surgical planning, ensure the availability of experienced staff and appropriate resources, and provide more realistic counseling to the patient. Several studies have developed scoring systems that integrate these factors to provide a more objective prediction of surgical difficulty, thereby enhancing patient safety and improving the overall quality of care
The role of physical rehabilitation in thoracic fracture patients with comorbid major depressive episodes
Full text linkIsolated rib fractures are a non-trivial trauma burden associated with functional impairment and chronic pain. Distraction fractures of the VII-IX thoracic spine are one of the injuries that occur in the middle of the thoracic spine. Some common symptoms that occur are sharp or dull pain in the middle back between the shoulder blades and waist, limited movement, especially stiffness when bending or twisting the body, and respiratory distress. From the case of an 18-year-old male patient, a student, who came to the medical rehabilitation polyclinic in a wheelchair with his mother. The position of both legs is bent. His current physical condition is due to an accident. The patient experienced severe depression with symptoms of feeling sad, feeling weak, even though he had eaten enough, and losing interest in things that made the patient happy before. Physical Rehabilitation Therapy includes mobility exercise, occupational therapy 1 time a week: stimulation and facilitation of hand function, Activities of Daily Living (ADL) gradually. Combination of therapy with Psychiatry in the form of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy. Multidisciplinary treatment, especially structured physical rehabilitation programs, psychiatry, and other fields, can improve symptoms of pain, and other symptoms, and symptoms of depression. 
Larvicidal and adulticidal effects of essential oils of Corymbia citriodora (Myrtaceae) and Xylopia aetiopica (Annonaceae) on Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto Giles 1902
Full text linkWith the objective of combating malaria by reducing the populations of Plasmodium spp vectors, the larvicidal and adulticidal effects of essential oils of Corymbia citriodora (Myrtaceae) and Xylopia aetiopica (Annonaceae) on Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto Giles 1902 were determined. Biological tests were carried out using a methodology inspired by the standard WHO protocol (2005) and revealed that the essential oils tested on larvae and adults of Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto Giles 1902 possess remarkable larvicidal and adulticidal properties. In stage II larvae, LC50 values (ppm) were 27.07 and 42.88 respectively for Corymbia citriodora and Xylopia aetiopica with HL50s of 1h 09min 32sec and 2h 41min 02sec respectively. In stage IV larvae, LC50 values (ppm) were 30.62 (Corymbia citriodora) and 47.85 (Xylopia aetiopica) with HL50s of 1h 40min 25sec and 3h 40min 41sec respectively. Adult LC50s (ppm) for Corymbia citriodora and Xylopia aetiopica were 32.25 and 35.13 respectively. Adult HL50s were 1h 50min 24sec and 2h 11min 46sec. Corymbia citriodora plant oil, which showed correspondingly low LC50s and HL50s, is therefore the most effective compared with Xylopia aetiopica plant oil
Effectiveness of pain assessment tools in non-verbal ICU patients: A meta-analysis-based review
Full text linkBackground: Assessing pain in ICU patients unable to self-report represents a significant clinical challenge. Observational tools such as the Critical‑Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT), Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS), and Nonverbal Pain Assessment Tool (NPAT) have been developed to address this gap. Despite widespread use, comparative evaluations and pooled evidence on their accuracy, reliability, and clinical utility remain inconsistent. Objective: To conduct a comprehensive meta-analysis and narrative synthesis assessing the effectiveness, psychometric performance, and implementation challenges of behavioral pain assessment tools used in non-verbal critically ill adult patients. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Embase for validation studies, randomized controlled trials, observational cohorts, and implementation reports involving adult ICU patients incapable of self-reporting. We included studies that evaluated CPOT, BPS, NPAT, PAINAD, NCS‑R, and related scales. Primary outcomes comprised tool sensitivity, specificity, inter-rater reliability (ICCs/κ), internal consistency (Cronbach’s α), discriminant validity, and feasibility metrics. Quality assessments were conducted using QUADAS‑2 and GRADE; pooled estimates with random-effects meta-analysis; and heterogeneity quantified via I², with funnel plots and Egger’s test for bias. Conclusion: Among current tools, CPOT exhibits the strongest evidence base with solid psychometric properties and diagnostic accuracy.