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Perancangan Sistem Otomatisasi Pengomposan Pupuk Organik Cair dengan Sensor Suhu Berbasis Internet of Things
No full textOrganic waste management is a significant environmental challenge, yet it has the potential to produce valuable products such as liquid organic fertilizer. Conventional composting processes tend to be inefficient and require manual intervention. This study aims to design and implement an automated composting system for liquid organic fertilizer based on the Internet of Things (IoT) using the ESP32 microcontroller, DS18B20 temperature sensor, and actuators including a pump, exhaust fan, and stirring motor. The system is designed with temperature set-point-based control logic, where actuators are automatically activated when the temperature falls below 25 °C or rises above 50 °C. Testing was conducted in two stages: without load and with organic material load. Temperature sensor calibration results showed high accuracy with an average error of 0.08 °C and precision with a standard deviation of 0.2 °C. The system proved capable of operating independently, responding quickly to temperature changes, and integrating with the Ubidots and Telegram platforms for real-time monitoring and notifications. The main contribution of this research is the implementation of a temperature-based automatic control system integrated with IoT, which differs from previous studies that mostly focused only on monitoring functions.Pengelolaan sampah organik merupakan tantangan lingkungan yang signifikan, namun berpotensi menghasilkan produk bernilai seperti pupuk organik cair. Proses pengomposan konvensional cenderung tidak efisien dan membutuhkan intervensi manual. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan mengimplementasikan sistem otomatisasi pengomposan pupuk organik cair berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) menggunakan mikrokontroler ESP32, sensor suhu DS18B20, serta aktuator berupa pompa, exhaust fan, dan motor pengaduk. Sistem dirancang dengan logika kontrol berbasis set point suhu, di mana aktuator diaktifkan secara otomatis ketika suhu berada di bawah 25 °C atau di atas 50 °C. Pengujian dilakukan pada dua tahap, yaitu tanpa beban dan dengan beban bahan organik. Hasil kalibrasi sensor suhu menunjukkan akurasi tinggi dengan galat rata-rata 0,08 °C dan presisi dengan standar deviasi 0,2 °C. Sistem terbukti mampu bekerja secara mandiri, memberikan respons cepat terhadap perubahan suhu, serta terintegrasi dengan platform Ubidots dan Telegram untuk pemantauan serta notifikasi real-time. Kontribusi utama penelitian ini adalah penerapan sistem kontrol otomatis berbasis suhu yang terintegrasi dengan IoT, berbeda dari penelitian terdahulu yang sebagian besar hanya berfokus pada fungsi pemantauan
Perancangan Bangun Sistem Kontrol Proses pada Alat Pengeringan Biji Kakao
Full text linkThe growth in cocoa production in Indonesia is not matched by its quality, where the drying process is a crucial parameter that must be controlled. Excessively high drying temperatures tend to negatively impact the beans, resulting in a sour aroma, and the beans can become charred. The moisture content in cocoa beans needs to be reduced to a maximum of 7.5% to produce quality cocoa beans. This research developed the creation of a cocoa bean drying box with a drying process control system, temperature and humidity monitoring by the SHT20 sensor. There is a DS18B20 sensor to measure the temperature of the cocoa beans during drying. Two microcontrollers are used: STM32 as a control and displays sensor readings on the LCD, and ESP32 connected to the STM32 to send data to the dashboard and database. The drying process utilizes a heater as a heating element until the temperature reading on the SHT20 sensor is ≤ 55°C. When the heater is inactive, a fan will be active to lower the drying temperature to maintain the drying process at an optimal temperature and prevent damage to the cocoa beans. The results of testing the cocoa bean drying process for 24 hours with data collection every 1 hour, where real-time data is stored in the online dashboard, obtained the average temperature of the drying box room is 51°C, the average temperature of the cocoa beans is 42°C, and the average moisture content of the cocoa beans is 7.5%.Pertumbuhan angka produksi kakao di Indonesia tidak diimbangi dengan kualitas produksinya, dimana proses pengeringan menjadi parameter penting yang harus dikontrol. Suhu pengeringan yang terlalu tinggi cenderung berdampak negatif pada biji, yaitu akan muncul aroma asam serta biji kakao dapat menjadi hangus. Kadar air pada biji kakao perlu dikurangi maksimal 7,5% agar menjadi biji kakao yang berkualitas. Penelitian ini mengembangkan pembuatan alat box pengering biji kakao dengan sistem kontrol proses pengeringan, monitoring temperatur dan kelembapan oleh sensor SHT20. Terdapat sensor DS18B20 untuk mengukur suhu biji kakao saat pengeringan. Digunakan dua mikrokontroller yaitu STM32 sebagai kontrol dan menampilkan pembacaan sensor pada LCD, serta ESP32 yang terhubung dengan STM32 untuk mengirimkan data pada dashboard dan database. Proses pengeringan memanfaatkan heater sebagai elemen pemanas hingga pembacaan temperatur pada sensor SHT20 ≤ 55°C. Ketika heater non-aktif, akan ada fan yang aktif untuk menurunkan temperatur pengeringan untuk menjaga proses pengeringan berjalan pada temperatur optimal dan mencegah kerusakan biji kakao. Hasil pengujian proses pengeringan biji kakao selama 24 jam dengan pengambilan data tiap 1 jam dimana data real-time tersimpan dalam online dashboard, didapatkan rata-rata temperatur ruang kotak pengeringan adalah 51°C, rata-rata temperatur biji kakao adalah 42°C, dan rata-rata kadar air biji kakao adalah 7,5%
The Effect of Complex Training Method On The Improvement of Leg and Arm Power in Muay Thai Club Members
Full text linkPower is key element in Muay Thai to executing quick attacks and avoiding
opponent attacks, Therefore, developing power through a structured training
program is crucial for Muay Thai athletes to improve their performance in the
fighting arena. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of complex training
on improving leg and arm power among members of a Muay Thai club. This study
employed a one group pre-test post-test design with 15 participants. The complex
training program was carried out in 12 sessions over 4 weeks. The Standing long
jump Test was used to measure leg power, while the Medicine ball chest pass Test
was used to measure arm power. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk
normality test, homogeneity test, and paired sample t-test with SPSS version 27.
The findings revealed that leg power increased by 8.87% (from 201.53 ± 24.26 cm
to 219.40 ± 31.55 cm), but this increase was not statistically significant (p = 0.132;
p > 0.05). Meanwhile, arm power increased by 20.16% (from 332.93 ± 74.49 cm
to 400.07 ± 53.77 cm) with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.015; p <
0.05). Complex training significantly improved arm power but did not significantly
affect leg power.
Keywords: complex training, leg power, arm power, muay thai
Exploring Local Plant-Based Antimicrobials for Conservation of Art and Cultural Objects in Indonesia: A Review
Full text linkIndonesia possesses a rich collection of art and cultural objects made from both organic and inorganic materials, which are highly susceptible to biodeterioration, particularly in the warm and humid tropical climate. Microorganisms are one of the primary causes of deterioration, leading to structural degradation, aesthetic changes, and the loss of historical and cultural value. Therefore, effective conservation strategies are needed to control the growth of microorganisms in conservation. This study examines various local plants used in traditional conservation in Indonesia, analyzing their bioactive compounds, effectiveness, and antimicrobial activity through a literature review. This study reviews various local plants used in traditional conservation in Indonesia by integrating ethnobotanical and microbiological conservation data from scientific literature. The analysis focuses on identifying bioactive compounds, reported antimicrobial activity, and their relevance to cultural material conservation. Findings indicate that Indonesian plants such as lemongrass, tobacco, clove, and nutmeg contain bioactive compounds with proven antimicrobial properties against microorganisms such as eugenol, alkaloids, citral, geraniol, monoterpenes and flavonoids. Although traditional conservation practices have been applied for a long time and have shown effectiveness, some of these practices lack scientific validation and require further research. Plant-based materials also generally have lower efficacy than synthetic chemicals, necessitating enhancement strategies such as nanoparticle technology. Further studies are essential to identify the mechanisms of active compounds in inhibiting microbial growth on cultural heritage objects, their long-term effectiveness, and their impact on various types of cultural materials. This study highlights the potential of local plants as antimicrobial agents in conservation of art and cultural objects. Further research is needed to optimize their application in modern conservation practices
EXPLORATION OF JELAMI TECHNIQUES USING NATURAL DYES OF TINGI WOOD (CERIOPS TAGAL) AND JASMINE (JASMINUM SAMBAC) IN ATBM SILK WEAVING FABRIC INTO ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY TEXTILES
Full text linkThis paper discusses the results of research related to exploration and innovation in utilizing the potential of nature and environmentally friendly technology in creating textile motifs through the Jelami technique (Natural Footprint), which is a way of transferring traces of motifs and colors on fabric, using jasmine flowers as a motif builder and natural dyes of high wood as a form of color traces. This innovation is related to the rapid progress of Indonesia's textile industry, which is considered positive. Still, there are problems with environmental pollution caused by the increasing use of environmentally unfriendly materials, namely chemicals, which are very harmful to the ecosystem of human life and biodiversity. To address this issue, it is essential to anticipate potential problems by exploring alternatives in the textile industry's production process one alternative is research on the use of environmentally friendly materials. The method used is exploratory qualitative research. The initial stage is observation, literature study, and documentation, then the stage is determining jasmine flowers (Jasminum sambac) and natural dyes from high wood (Ceriobs candolleana) applied to ATBM silk fabrics through the jelami technique. The next stage is to experiment and explore the process of the jelami technique on fabrics to get a standard formulation to produce jasmine motifs that are consistent in shape and color. The stages of applying and designing motifs with jelami techniques use a craft creation approach (Gustami, 2006), namely the design, embodiment, and evaluation stages. Munsell's theory expresses color in three dimensions: taste, value and intensity. The result of the study is the novelty of jasmine motifs with natural dyes of high wood through the process of jelami techniques in the form of textiles to be applied to a variety of used objects that have high economic value and are environmental friendly
 
Retrospective Overview of Medical Tourism and Related Research: A Bibliometric Analysis
Full text linkThe study presents a comprehensive knowledge mapping and bibliometric analysis of medical tourism research to understand global trends and directions. The exponential growth in medical tourism is driven by factors such as cost savings, access to specialised treatments, and reduced waiting times. The bibliometric analysis of research trends was conducted using CiteSpace 6.3. R1 and VOSviewer 1.6.20 software. The extracted dataset from the Scopus database includes 630 articles. The analysis highlighted significant international collaborations, with the United States, India, and Malaysia as prominent contributors. The publications initially rose in 2021, due to increased research funding and academic interest sparked by the COVID-19 pandemic, followed by a decline, indicating a stabilisation or shift in research priorities. The theoretical implications of this research paper include highlighting the global collaboration and contributions of different countries to medical tourism research, understanding the impact of global events like the COVID-19 pandemic on research trends, and identifying emerging themes and patterns that can guide future studies and policy-making in the field. The findings have substantial practical implications for policymakers, healthcare providers, and researchers.Studi ini menyajikan pemetaan pengetahuan dan analisis bibliometrik yang komprehensif mengenai penelitian pariwisata medis untuk memahami tren dan arah global. Pertumbuhan eksponensial dalam pariwisata medis didorong oleh faktor-faktor seperti penghematan biaya, akses ke perawatan khusus, dan berkurangnya waktu tunggu. Analisis bibliometrik tren penelitian dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak CiteSpace 6.3. R1 dan VOSviewer 1.6.20. Kumpulan data yang diekstrak dari basis data Scopus mencakup 630 artikel. Analisis tersebut menyoroti kolaborasi internasional yang signifikan, dengan Amerika Serikat, India, dan Malaysia sebagai kontributor utama. Publikasi awalnya meningkat pada tahun 2021, mungkin karena peningkatan pendanaan penelitian dan minat akademis yang dipicu oleh pandemi COVID-19, diikuti oleh penurunan, yang menunjukkan stabilisasi atau pergeseran prioritas penelitian. Implikasi teoritis dari makalah penelitian ini mencakup menyoroti kolaborasi global dan kontribusi berbagai negara terhadap penelitian wisata medis, memahami dampak peristiwa global seperti pandemi COVID-19 terhadap tren penelitian, dan mengidentifikasi tema dan pola yang muncul yang dapat memandu studi dan pembuatan kebijakan di masa mendatang di bidang ini. Temuan ini memiliki implikasi praktis yang substansial bagi para pembuat kebijakan, penyedia layanan kesehatan, dan peneliti. Hal ini mengungkap tema-tema yang muncul seperti kualitas layanan, perawatan medis, obesitas morbid dan perilaku perjalanan dalam layanan perawatan kesehatan. Hal ini membantu memandu upaya penelitian dan pembuatan kebijakan di masa mendatang dalam pariwisata medis
Holiday Economics: Perspectives and Experiences from Hospitality Professionals
Full text linkThis research examined the perspectives and experiences of hospitality professionals on the resurgence of the Philippine Holiday Economics Law, first enacted in 2007, discontinued in 2010 under the Aquino administration, and revived in 2022 during the Marcos administration. The policy strategically shifts holidays to create long weekends and boost domestic tourism as part of its recovery program following the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on grounded theory and lived experience theoretical perspectives, this study employed a qualitative research design through semi-structured interviews with 15 hospitality professionals working in six restaurants, five cafes, and four hotels in Bonifacio Global City, Taguig, Philippines. The results revealed that the concept of holiday economics is ambiguous to the participants, yet they have experienced its impact on operations and the workforce. This pioneering study provides actionable insights for stakeholders, facilitating more effective policy implementation. It contributes to understanding how a specific law or tourism-related policy on holiday adjustments is perceived and how it impacts the operations and workforce of hospitality professionals in a particular setting, which could serve as the foundation for similar studies in diverse contexts
ANALISIS BIBLIOMETRIK TREN DAN KEBAHARUAN STUDI PERMEABILITAS DENGAN CHEMINFORMATICS BERBASIS DATAWARRIOR
Full text linkCheminformatics is a discipline that employs computational methods on chemical data and has emerged as a cutting-edge approach in pharmaceutical sciences. DataWarrior, an open-source software that integrates big data, offers a variety of features to support cheminformatics studies. This study aims to examine permeability research using DataWarrior-based cheminformatics and evaluate the potential for research innovation, particularly within the field of pharmacy. A bibliometric analysis using the Dimensions, Biblioshiny, and ResearchRabbit databases reveals that publications on permeability studies employing DataWarrior have increased, although the number of citations has declined due to a lack of novelty in the topics. Moreover, the limited use of the keyword "cheminformatics" in permeability studies indicates that the connection between these two fields needs to be strengthened. The integration of pharmacokinetic and physicochemical data via DataWarrior enables the development of more reliable methods by enhancing the prediction of compound similarity through its built-in descriptors, thereby supporting the practicality of molecular permeability and pharmacokinetic studies for new compounds. On the other hand, this research potential for Indonesia to increase its contributions to publications and citations in this field.Cheminformatics merupakan disiplin ilmu yang mencakup metode komputasi dengan data kimia dan menjadi bentuk penelitian terkini dalam ilmu kefarmasian. DataWarrior, perangkat lunak open-source yang mengintegrasikan big data, menyediakan fitur beragam yang mendukung keperluan studi cheminformatics. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji studi permeabilitas dengan cheminformatics berbasis DataWarrior serta mengevaluasi potensi kebaharuan risetnya, khususnya dalam bidang farmasi. Analisis bibliometrik menggunakan basis data Dimensions, Biblioshiny, dan ResearchRabbit, diperoleh temuan bahwa publikasi terkait studi permeabilitas dengan DataWarrior meningkat, meskipun jumlah sitasi menurun karena kurangnya kebaharuan topik. Penggunaan kata kunci “cheminformatics” dalam studi permeabilitas masih sedikit, menandakan keterkaitan kedua bidang yang perlu ditingkatkan. Integrasi data farmakokinetik dan fisikokimia melalui DataWarrior memungkinkan pengembangan metode yang lebih andal dengan peningkatan prediksi kesamaan senyawa melalui deskriptor bawaan sehingga mendukung kepraktisan studi permeabilitas molekuler dan farmakokinetik senyawa baru. Di sisi lain, potensi riset ini mendorong Indonesia untuk meningkatkan kontribusinya dalam publikasi dan sitasi di bidang tersebut
Pengembangan Perangkat Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) sebagai Transduser Biosensor
Full text linkThis study developed a simple and cost-effective laboratory-scale Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) device called β SPR. SPR is a sensitive, real-time, and non-labeling technique widely used to detect the concentration and quality of solutions. However, the very high price of commercial SPR devices is a barrier, so a portable and affordable version was developed. The β SPR device uses a Kretschmann configuration with a 670 nm laser, a polarizer, and a modified Porro BA4010 prism for a simpler and more efficient optical configuration. A thin gold film (~50 nm) is placed on the prism using immersion oil, and the test solution is flowed through a flow cell. The laser is fired at a 90° angle to induce p-polarized waves that trigger surface plasmon resonance. This phenomenon decreases the light reflectance, forming a dip curve used for analysis. The device was tested using glucose solution (0.05–0.27 M) and compared with a commercial SPR device (α SPR). The results show a shift in the angle with increasing concentration. The highest error was 6.53% at 0.05 M, and the lowest was 0.94% at 0.27 M. The β SPR sensitivity was recorded at 4.41⁰/M, showing promising performance for cost-effective biosensor applications.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan perangkat Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) sederhana dan hemat biaya skala laboratorium yang dinamakan β SPR. SPR merupakan teknik sensitif, real-time, dan non-labeling yang banyak digunakan untuk mendeteksi konsentrasi dan kualitas larutan. Namun, harga perangkat SPR komersial yang sangat tinggi menjadi kendala, sehingga dikembangkan versi portabel dan terjangkau. Perangkat β SPR menggunakan konfigurasi Kretschmann dengan laser 670 nm, polarisator, dan prisma Porro BA4010 yang dimodifikasi agar konfigurasi optik lebih sederhana dan efisien. Film emas tipis (~50 nm) ditempatkan di atas prisma menggunakan immersial oil, dan larutan uji dialirkan melalui flow cell. Laser ditembakkan dengan sudut 90⁰ untuk menginduksi gelombang terpolarisasi-p yang memicu resonansi plasmon permukaan. Fenomena ini menurunkan reflektansi cahaya, membentuk kurva dip yang digunakan untuk analisis. Perangkat diuji menggunakan larutan glukosa (0,05–0,27 M) dan dibandingkan dengan perangkat SPR komersial (α SPR). Hasil menunjukkan pergeseran sudut seiring peningkatan konsentrasi. Error tertinggi sebesar 6,53% pada 0,05 M, dan terendah 0,94% pada 0,27 M. Sensitivitas β SPR tercatat sebesar 4,41⁰/M, menunjukkan kinerja yang menjanjikan untuk aplikasi biosensor hemat biaya
Interactive Learning untuk Pengendali PID Berbasis Website
Full text linkConventional learning methods for PID control systems demonstrate weaknesses in concept comprehension effectiveness due to lack of real-time visualization and theory-practice integration. This study aims to develop a web-based interactive learning platform integrating digital simulation with physical experiments using ESP-32. The research method employs Research and Development approach with ADDIE model including literature study, system design, platform implementation, and evaluation through beta testing with 23 Electrical Engineering students. The platform utilizes ESP-32, DC motor, rotary encoder, BTS 7960 driver, and web interface using HTML, Tailwind CSS, and JavaScript for real-time PID parameter control via WebSocket protocol. Evaluation results show average pre-test and post-test score improvement of 34.7% with paired t-test analysis p < 0.01. The platform achieves ±2% measurement accuracy, 45ms communication latency, and 99.2% WebSocket stability. Quality assessment yields feasibility score 4.2/5.0, practicality 4.0/5.0, and effectiveness 4.3/5.0. The platform significantly improves PID control concept understanding compared to conventional methods.Metode pembelajaran konvensional untuk sistem kendali PID menunjukkan kelemahan dalam efektivitas pemahaman konsep karena kurangnya visualisasi real-time dan integrasi teori-praktik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan platform pembelajaran interaktif berbasis web yang mengintegrasikan simulasi digital dengan eksperimen fisik menggunakan ESP-32. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan Research and Development dengan model ADDIE meliputi studi literatur, perancangan sistem, implementasi platform, dan evaluasi melalui uji beta terhadap 23 mahasiswa Teknik Elektro. Platform menggunakan ESP-32, motor DC, rotary encoder, driver BTS 7960, dan antarmuka web dengan HTML, Tailwind CSS, dan JavaScript untuk kontrol parameter PID real-time melalui protokol WebSocket. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan peningkatan rata-rata skor pre-test dan post-test sebesar 34,7% dengan analisis paired t-test p < 0,01. Platform mencapai akurasi pengukuran ±2%, latensi komunikasi 45ms, dan stabilitas WebSocket 99,2%. Penilaian kualitas menghasilkan skor kelayakan 4,2/5,0, kepraktisan 4,0/5,0, dan efektivitas 4,3/5,0. Platform terbukti meningkatkan pemahaman konsep kendali PID secara signifikan dibandingkan metode konvensional