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Efektivitas Analgesik Ekstrak Temu Blenyeh (Curcuma Pupurascens Blume) pada Mencit Putih Jantan
No full textPain is a sign of tissue damage in the body. Extracts from the Zingiberaceae family have been proven to be hypoalgesic agents and are superior to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The aim of the research was to determine the analgesic effectiveness of the ethanol extract of temu blenyeh (Curcuma purpurascens Blume). The analgesic effectiveness test was carried out using the writhing method (Sigmund) on male white mice (Mus musculus) as test animals. The test animals used were 25 mice grouped into 5 consecutive treatment groups, namely Group 1 (aquadest), Group 2 (antalgin), group 3 (Dose 50 mg/kg BW), group 4 (Dose 100 mg/kg BW) and group 5 (Dose 150 mg/kg BW). The test sample was given orally, after 30 minutes the sample wasthen induced with 1% acetic acid intraperitoneally. Observed and calculated the cumulative number of writhing for 1 hour and calculated the percent writhing protection and percent analgesic effectiveness. The data obtained in the form of the cumulative number of stretches was analyzed by Anova test. The research results showed that the ethanol extract of temu blenyeh provided a percentage of protection respectively (44.5%; 50.14%; 57.64%) and the greatest percentage of analgesic effectiveness at a dose of 150 mg/kg BW of 99.07%. Data analysis showed that ethanol extract with a dose of 50; 100 and 150 mg/kg BW did not have a significant difference to the positive control, which means the sample had analgesic effectiveness.Nyeri merupakan tanda adanya kerusakan jaringan dalam tubuh. Ekstrak dari famili Zingiberaceae terbukti menjadi agen hipoalgesia dan lebih unggul dari pada obat antiinflamasi non steroid. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui efektivitas analgesik ekstra temu blenyeh (Curcuma purpurascens Blume). Uji efektivitas analgesik dilakukan dengan metode geliat (Sigmund) menggunakan mencit putih jantan (Mus musculus) sebagai hewan uji. Sebanyak 25 ekor mencit dikelompokkan menjadi 5 kelompok perlakuan yang berbeda yaitu Kelompok 1 (aquadest), Kelompok 2 (antalgin), kelompok 3 (Dosis 50 mg/kg BB), kelompok 4 (Dosis 100 mg/kg BB) dan kelompok 5 (Dosis 150 mg/kg BB). Sampel uji diberikan secara oral biarkan selama 30 menit. Setelah itu, larutan yang menyebabkan nyeri dimasukkan ke dalam peritoneum. Geliat mencit diamati dan dihitung sepuluh menit selama satu jam, dan juga dihitung tingkat proteksi dan efektivitas analgesik geliat. Data yang diperoleh berupa jumlah geliat kumulatif dilakukan analisis dengan uji Anova. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak temu blenyeh memberikan persentase proteksi berturut-turut (44,5%; 50,14%; 57,64%). Kelompok 5 juga memiliki persentase analgesik tertinggi yaitu sebesar 99,07%. Analisis data menunjukkan hasil bahwa ekstrak temu blenyeh tidak memiliki perbedaan secara nyata terhadap kontrol positif, yang artinya sampel memiliki efektivitas analgesik
Variasi Jenis Lengkungan Kaki pada Atlet dari Berbagai Cabang Olahraga: Analisis dan Implikasinya terhadap Performa Atletik
No full textThe foot arch is one of the many parts of the leg that plays a crucial role in supporting and balancing body weight, as well as regulating body movement during walking and running. Despite this, research on the foot, particularly in student-athletes, remains limited. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the variations in arch types of the foot among student-athletes from various sports disciplines. The research employs an observational study method with participants being student-athletes from soccer, futsal, archery, and pencak silat. Foot measurements are taken using the wet test, while height is measured with a stadiometer, and body weight and BMI are assessed using the Omron Carada Body Fat Scan. The results indicate that futsal and soccer athletes predominantly have normal foot arches, with 90% in each group, while only 10% exhibit flat arches. In contrast, archery and pencak silat athletes show a greater variation in arch distribution, with 30% and 40% having flat arches, and 70% and 60% having normal arches, respectively. The study concludes that while normal foot arches are the most common among athletes, the distribution of foot arches varies by sport, which may reflect the biomechanical needs and specific training patterns inherent to each sport.Lengkung telapak kaki merupakan salah satu bagian kaki yang berperan penting dalam menopang dan menyeimbangkan berat badan, serta mengatur gerakan tubuh saat berjalan dan berlari. Meskipun demikian, penelitian tentang telapak kaki, khususnya pada atlet mahasiswa, masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis variasi tipe lengkung telapak kaki pada atlet mahasiswa dari berbagai disiplin olahraga. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi observasional dengan partisipan atlet mahasiswa dari cabang olahraga sepak bola, futsal, panahan, dan pencak silat. Pengukuran telapak kaki dilakukan dengan menggunakan wet test, sedangkan tinggi badan diukur dengan stadiometer, dan berat badan serta BMI dinilai menggunakan Omron Carada Body Fat Scan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa atlet futsal dan sepak bola sebagian besar memiliki lengkung telapak kaki normal, dengan 90% pada masing-masing kelompok, sedangkan hanya 10% yang menunjukkan lengkung telapak kaki datar. Sebaliknya, atlet panahan dan pencak silat menunjukkan variasi distribusi lengkung telapak kaki yang lebih besar, dengan 30% dan 40% memiliki lengkung telapak kaki datar, dan 70% dan 60% memiliki lengkung telapak kaki normal. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun lengkungan kaki normal adalah yang paling umum di antara atlet, distribusi lengkungan kaki bervariasi berdasarkan olahraga, yang mungkin mencerminkan kebutuhan biomekanik dan pola pelatihan khusus yang melekat pada setiap olahraga
Analisis Kondisi Jalan Perkerasan Lentur Berdasarkan Prediksi Umur Sisa Menggunakan Metode AASHTO 1993 serta Analisis Kerusakan Lapis Perkerasan Lentur Menggunakan Metode Horack (Studi Kasus: Ruas Jalan Bypass Kota Pariaman STA 52+100 s/d 57+100)
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Jalan yang dibebani oleh lalu lintas kendaraan yang tinggi dan terus menerus dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kerusakan jalan baik secara fungsional maupun struktural. Ruas jalan Bypass Kota Pariaman merupakan ruas jalan nasional yang diperuntukan bagi kendaraan-kendaraan berat yang akan melintasi Kota Pariaman menuju ke arah Kota Padang dan sebaliknya ke arah Kabupaten Agam. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir ruas jalan ini telah mengalami kerusakan yang cukup parah sehingga dapat mengganggu kenyamanan serta keamanan dalam berkendara. Prediksi umur sisa perkerasan jalan penting dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah ruas jalan ini masih mampu menanggung beban lalu lintas atau tidak. Prediksi umur sisa dilakukan menggunakan metode AASHTO 1993 berdasarkan data lendutan jalan tahun 2020 yang di uji menggunakan alat FWD dengan analisis perhitungan Backcalculation untuk mendapatkan nilai CESAL pada saat kondisi failure. Hasil analisis menunjukan, jumlah repetisi beban yang masih mampu ditanggung oleh ruas jalan ini sebesar 2.337.881 ESAL ditahun 2023 dengan umur sisa = 0 tahun lagi. selanjutnya dilakukan analisis untuk mengetahui kondisi kerusakan tiap lapisan perkerasan menggunakan metode Horack dengan data lendutan sebagai parameter penilaian. Hasil analisis menunjukan rata-rata kondisi tiap lapis perkerasan jalan telah berada dalam kategori rusak berat dengan lapisan yang mengalami kerusakan paling parah yaitu di lapisan subbase.
Kata-kata Kunci: AASHTO 1993, CESAL, FWD, horack, umur sisa perkerasan jalan,
Abstract
Roads loaded with high vehicle traffic can cause road damage both functionally and structurally. The Pariaman City Bypass Road is a national road section intended for heavy vehicles that will cross Pariaman City to Padang City and vice versa to Agam Regency. In recent years, this road has been damaged quite severely which can interfere with driving comfort and safety. Prediction of the remaining life is important to know whether the road section is still able to carry the traffic load or not. Prediction of remaining life is by using the 1993 AASHTO method based on 2020 road deflection data tested using the FWD tool with Backcalculation analysis to obtain the CESAL value at the time of failure. The analysis results show that the number of load repetitions that can still be borne by this road section is 2,337,881 ESAL in 2023 with a remaining life of 0 year. Furthermore, an analysis is carried out to determine the damage condition of each pavement layer using the Horack method with deflection data as an assessment parameter. The analysis results show that the average condition of each pavement layer has been in the category of severe damage with the most severely damaged layer being the subbase layer.
Keywords: AASHTO 1993, CESAL, FWD, horack, pavement remaining life
Exploring Public Sentiments Using Big Data on Superhub Spatial Development of Nusantara, the New Capital City of Indonesia
Get PDFSuperhub development is crucial for enhancing the economic prowess and sustainability of a region, focusing on bolstering its global competitiveness and amplifying its impact on national and regional growth. In the case of Nusantara, Indonesia’s new capital city, understanding public sentiment towards its development plan is essential. This study employed sentiment analysis, combining a comprehensive dataset of 433,637 tweets from 2020 with public documents and machine-learning tools to accurately gauge public opinion. Six key components of regional development emerged from the analysis, reflecting public discourse on IKN’s planning and execution. Geographically, sentiment across the 33 provinces was evenly distributed, with 63% positive, 24% negative, and 13% neutral sentiments observed in the tweets. However, sentiment fluctuated throughout the year, with a surge in negative sentiment early in 2020 due to concerns over financing risks and economic challenges. Nonetheless, negativity waned as the year progressed, with positive tweets steadily increasing from April to December. These findings offer valuable insights for guiding the development of Nusantara, aiding policymakers in addressing public concerns, and ensuring a more informed and inclusive approach. Such sentiment analysis proves instrumental in shaping the strategic trajectory of the new capital city, fostering sustainable growth and public support
KARAKTERISASI DAN PENAPISAN FITOKIMIA SIMPLISIA WORTEL SERTA REVIEW KANDUNGAN KIMIA DAN AKTIVITAS FARMAKOLOGI WORTEL (DAUCUS CAROTA L.)
Get PDFCarrot is an important source of nutrition for humans and a good source of dietary fiber. Carrot are rich in bioactive compounds such as phenolic compounds, carotenoids, polyacetylene, and ascorbic acid which has health effects. Carrot are known to have many health benefits such as antioxidants, antidiabetic, antiinflammatory, antihypertensive, antibacterial, and antifungal. This study aims to determine the characteristics and phytochemical screening of root, leaves and stem carrot (Daucus carota L) and prepare a review article about chemical compounds and pharmacological activities of carrot. Characterization performed of crude drug included macroscopic and microscopic, determination of total ash content, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, water content, water soluble extract, ethanol soluble extract, and loss on drying. Phytochemical screening was carried out to check the presence of secondary metabolite in crude drug. Root, leaves and stem of carrot extracted by reflux method with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and 96% ethanol. Review article was prepared by considering and analyzing literatures. Water content of roots, leaves and stem of carrot were 5%, 4,17% and 6,67%, respectively. All crude drugs contained flavonoid, phenol, quinone and steroid/triterpenoid groups. Article review was done by collecting and analysing 82 literatures. The water of all crude drugs fulfilled the requirement. Wortel (Daucus carota L.) has many chemical compounds and pharmacological activities.
Keywords: carrot, characterization, phytochemical screening, chemical compounds, pharmacological activities
Wortel merupakan salah satu sumber nutrisi yang penting untuk manusia dan sumber serat makanan yang baik. Wortel kaya akan senyawa bioaktif seperti senyawa fenolat, karotenoid, poliasetilen, dan asam askorbat yang memiliki efek untuk kesehatan. Wortel diketahui memiliki banyak manfaat untuk kesehatan seperti antioksidan, antidiabetes, antiinflamasi, antihipertensi, antibakteri, dan antifungi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan karakterisasi dan penapisan fitokimia simplisia umbi, daun, dan batang wortel (Daucus carota L.) serta membuat artikel review terkait kandungan kimia dan aktivitas farmakologi wortel. Karakterisasi simplisia yang dilakukan meliputi makroskopik dan mikroskopik, penetapan kadar abu total, abu tidak larut asam, abu larut air, kadar air, sari larut air, sari larut etanol, dan susut pengeringan. Penapisan fitokimia dilakukan untuk melihat keberadaan metabolit sekunder dalam simplisia. Umbi, daun, dan batang wortel diekstraksi dengan metode refluks dengan pelarut n-heksana, etil asetat, dan etanol 96%. Artikel review dibuat dengan mengumpulkan dan menganalisis literatur. Kadar air simplisia umbi, daun, dan batang wortel berturut-turut 5%, 4,17% dan 6,67%. Ketiga simplisia mengandung golongan flavonoid, fenol, kuinon dan steroid/triterpenoid. Pada pembuatan artikel review berhasil dikumpulkan dan dianalisis 82 literatur. Kadar air ketiga simplisia memenuhi persyaratan. Wortel (Daucus carota L.) mempunyai banyak kandungan kimia dan aktivitas farmakologi.
Kata kunci: wortel, karakterisasi, penapisan fitokimia, kandungan kimia, aktivitas farmakolog
Analisis Tingkat Motivasi Aktivitas Fisik Siswa di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Bandung
No full textSports motivation for post -pandemic students influences this post -pandemic sports activity. This study aims to describe the comparison of the sports motivation of students after Pandemi Covid-19 in Bandung. The research method used is a quantitative descriptive method. The population in this study were high school students and students in Bandung. The sample in this study was students and students who were active in post -Pandemic schools in Bandung. In returning the sample, researchers used purposive sampling. This study uses questionnaire and survey instruments. Data analysis uses the Statistics Test of Smirnov Colmogrov for testing data normality and Independent T Test tests to find out the difference in motivation between sex during exercise after Pandemic Covid-19 in the city of Bandung. Based on the data statistical test data, it is known that the sig (2-tailed) value is 0.001> 0.05, it can be concluded that with the significant difference between the sport motivation of male and female students who have motivation when exercising. Because of this significant difference, it can be seen that the motivation of male and female students affects during sports activities.Motivasi olahraga pada siswa pasca pandemi ini berpengaruh untuk melakukan aktivitas olahraga pasca pandemi ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan perbandingan motivasi olahraga siswa dan siswi pasca pandemi COVID-19 di Bandung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah siswa dan siswi Sekolah menengah atas di Bandung. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa dan siswi yang sedang aktif sekolah pasca pandemi di Bandung. Dalam pengembilan sampel, peneliti menggunakan purposive sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen kuisoner dan survey. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistic Kolmogrov Smirnov untuk pengujian normalitas data dan uji Independent T Test untuk mengetahui perbedaan motivasi antara jenis kelamin saat berolahraga pasca pandemic COVID-19 di wilayah kota Bandung. Berdasarkan data tes statistika data diketahui nilai Sig (2-tailed) sebesar 0.001> 0.05 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan demikan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara motivasi olahraga siswa laki-laki dan perempuan yang memiliki motivasi saat berolahraga. Karena adanya perbedaan yang signifikansi ini maka dapat diketahui bahwa motivasi olaharaga siswa laki-laki dan perempuan mempengaruhi saat beraktivitas olahraga
DIGITALIZATION MODEL TO ENHANCE THE QUALITY OF FAMILY IN INDONESIAN RURAL AREAS
Get PDFBased on 2020 Indonesian Population Census there are 270.2 million people are living in Indonesia, with 43.3 percent are living in rural areas. 70.72 percent of population is in productivity age (15-64), and it mean that Indonesia is in demographic deviden era. Rural development become main program of Indonesian Government since Village Law no 6/2014 by establishment Ministry of Villages, Disadvantages Region and Transmigration. Since 2015 there is around 400 trillion rupiah has been disburse to villages as a village fund. The main program of line ministries in Indonesia also focus on villages, such as Desa SDGs (Villages of SDGs), Desa Digital (Digitalized Villages), Desa Ramah Perempuan dan Anak (Women and Children Friendly Villages), Desa Ramah Lansia (Elderly Friendly Villages), Kampung Keluarga Berkualitas (Quality Family Villages) and so on. Unfortunately, some of programs sometimes did not take demographic data in its planning. This paper aim to explain how to integrate many ministries programs in villages by using Presidential Instruction No 3/2022 about The Quality Family Village (Kampung Keluarga Berkualitas: Kampung KB). It also will be described two initiatives; Demographic Information Systems, contain Siperindu, Dashboard Kampung KB and Population Data Warehouse (Rumah Data Kependudukan: Rumah Dataku.) and a Multi Dimentional Rural Development Model as a digitalization model that can be used to enhance the quality of family in Villages
Pengaruh Latihan Double Leg Speed Hop Terhadap Power Otot Tungkai Atlet Karate Dojo Kodim 1001 Amuntai
Get PDFThe sport of karate is a form of self-defense and is considered a discipline that facilitates physical and mental balance and improves health. The sport of karate also requires a good physical condition, because physical condition is the foundation of sports achievement. Plyometric training has proven to be an effective method for improving a number of physical qualities such as strength and jump height. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Double Leg Speed Hop Exercise on leg muscle strength of Dojo Kodim 1001 Amuntai participants. The methodology used is one group pretest-posttest design using pre-experiment design and quantitative approach. the use of data collection methods before and after the test. Using SPSS 23, data analysis procedures include homogeneity test, normality test, descriptive statistics, and hypothesis testing. The results obtained from testing using mean scores, data analysis and hypothesis testing resulted in findings that increased significantly from 150.73 to 155.47. Using the sign. (2-tailed) of 0.000 <0.05 obtained from the hypothesis test, it can be concluded that Hα is accepted and Ho is rejected. Based on the computational findings and descriptive statistical values of the pre and post tests, it can be concluded that the Double Leg Speed Hop exercise has an influence on the ability of Dojo Kodim 1001 Amuntai players to increase leg muscle strength in karate sports.Olahraga karate adalah bentuk pertahanan diri dan dianggap sebagai disiplin yang memfasilitasi keseimbangan fisik dan mental serta meningkatkan kesehatan. Olahraga karate juga memerlukan kondisi fisik yang baik, karena kondisi fisik merupakan pondasi dari pencapaian prestasi olahragawan. Latihan plyometric telah terbukti menjadi metode yang efektif untuk meningkatkan sejumlah kualitas fisik seperti kekuatan dan tinggi lompatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Latihan Double Leg Speed Hop terhadap kekuatan otot tungkai peserta Dojo Kodim 1001 Amuntai. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah one group pretest-posttest design dengan menggunakan desain pre-experiment dan pendekatan kuantitatif. penggunaan metode pengumpulan data sebelum dan sesudah tes. Dengan menggunakan SPSS 23, prosedur analisis data meliputi uji homogenitas, uji normalitas, statistik deskriptif, dan uji hipotesis. Hasil yang diperoleh dari pengujian menggunakan nilai rata-rata, analisis data dan pengujian hipotesis menghasilkan temuan yang meningkat secara signifikan dari 150,73 menjadi 155,47. Menggunakan tanda. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 diperoleh dari uji hipotesis maka dapat disimpulkan Hα diterima dan Ho ditolak. Berdasarkan temuan komputasi dan nilai statistik deskriptif pre dan post test dapat disimpulkan bahwa latihan Double Leg Speed Hop memberikan pengaruh terhadap kemampuan pemain Dojo Kodim 1001 Amuntai dalam meningkatkan kekuatan otot tungkai pada cabang olahraga karate
Perbandingan Efektivitas Latihan Daya Tahan Aerobik dan Latihan Resistensi Terhadap Penurunan Gula Darah Harian Pada Lansia Di Puskesmas Puter Kota Bandung
No full textDiabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic condition that occurs when there is an increase in glucose levels in the blood because the body cannot produce insulin or use insulin effectively. Insulin is an important hormone produced in the body's pancreatic gland, which transports glucose from the bloodstream into the body's cells where the glucose is converted into energy. This study uses a comparative study with experimental method to find out the comparison results of the treatment given to samples from aerobic exercise intervention treatment with resistance exercise, The first group will do Aerobic Endurance Exercise by walking for 20 minutes. While the second group will do Resistance Exercise by doing strength training or resistance training for 20 minutes, rest time is 15 seconds and the movement is done as many as 2 sets and 10 repetitions. Subject characteristics based on average age (61.58 ± 6.50), body weight (71.86 ± 9.76), body height (157.27 ± 8.99), and BMI of elderly people suffering from diabetes mellitus falls into the obese category with a value of (27.71 ± 4.23). The value of aerobic before exercise is (26.41 ± 33.67) after exercise it decrease (11.74 ± 10.28), resistance exercise before exercise is (31.74 ± 54.10) after exercise it decrease (9.33 ± 23.46). In this study it can be concluded that aerobic endurance and resistance exercise can reduce the increase in blood sugar in the elderly, but when compared to the two exercises, resistance exercise suppresses the increase in blood sugar more, of course with the appropriate intensity.Diabetes Mellitus (DM) adalah kondisi kronis yang terjadi ketika terjadi peningkatan kadar glukosa dalam darah karena tubuh tidak dapat memproduksi insulin atau menggunakan insulin secara efektif. Insulin adalah hormon penting yang diproduksi oleh kelenjar pankreas tubuh, yang berfungsi untuk mengangkut glukosa dari aliran darah ke dalam sel-sel tubuh di mana glukosa diubah menjadi energi. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi komparatif dengan metode eksperimen untuk mengetahui perbandingan hasil perlakuan yang diberikan kepada sampel dari intervensi latihan aerobik dengan latihan resistensi. Kelompok pertama akan melakukan latihan ketahanan aerobik dengan berjalan selama 20 menit. Sedangkan kelompok kedua akan melakukan latihan resistensi dengan latihan kekuatan atau latihan beban selama 20 menit, dengan waktu istirahat 15 detik dan gerakan dilakukan sebanyak 2 set dan 10 repetisi. Karakteristik subjek berdasarkan rata-rata usia (61,58 ± 6,50), berat badan (71,86 ± 9,76), tinggi badan (157,27 ± 8,99), dan BMI lansia yang menderita diabetes mellitus termasuk dalam kategori obesitas dengan nilai (27,71 ± 4,23). Nilai aerobik sebelum latihan adalah (26,41 ± 33,67), setelah latihan menurun menjadi (11,74 ± 10,28). Latihan resistensi sebelum latihan adalah (31,74 ± 54,10), setelah latihan menurun menjadi (9,33 ± 23,46). Dalam penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa latihan ketahanan aerobik dan latihan resistensi dapat mengurangi peningkatan gula darah pada lansia, namun jika dibandingkan antara kedua latihan tersebut, latihan resistensi lebih menekan peningkatan gula darah, tentunya dengan intensitas yang sesuai
Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to Model Microplastic Contents in Commercial Fish Species at Jakarta Bay
Get PDFJakarta Bay is known as one of the marine ecosystems that have been contaminated by microplastics. Despite massive loads of microplasticcontamination, Jakarta Bay is also habitat to potential commercial fish species, including anchovy Stolephorus commersonnii and mackerel Rastrelliger kanagurta. While information on the microplastic contents and their determining factors is still limited, the goal of this study was touse artificial neural networks (ANN) as a novel and useful tool to model the determinants of microplastic content in fish in Jakarta Bay, using fish weight and length as proxies. Inside the stomachs of S. commersonnii and R. kanagurta, the order of microplastics from the highest to thelowest was fiber > film > fragment > pellet. Based on the RMSE values of 3.199 for S. commersonnii and 2.738 for R. kanagurta, the ANNmodel of fish’s weight + length ~ pellet was found to be the best fitted model to explain the correlation of fish weight and length with microplastic content in the stomach. The results indicate that ANN is suitable for solving large, complex problems in determining and projecting microplastic contents and provides better estimates that can be used to manage R. kanagurta and S. commersonnii along with microplastic contamination threats