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From Thousand Canals to Roads: The Transformation of Transportation Mode in Pontianak
Get PDFPontianak City was established in 1771 on the the Kapuas River and Landak River riverbanks, the latter being the longest river in Indonesia. The city was once known as the City of a Thousand Canals. However, in its development, people shifted to land transportation modes, leaving the canals in an extinction process. This study aimed to uncover the factors and impacts of the inland water transportation network fading from the Pontianak urban structure. The research used a sequential explanatory design, combining qualitative methods in the form of literature review and quantitative methods using space syntax analysis. By comparing the spatial configuration of the canals and roads in a diachronic approach, the study found proof of the importance of the canals’ existence in the Pontianak urban structure. Water transportation can be the answer to fixing environmental issues, flood hazards, and traffic congestion. Revitalizing the canals can help bring a healthy water environment because the people will change their perception of the canals from sewage routes to transportation routes. Revitalizing the canals can also bring back waterside activity, generate a sense of belonging, and bring back part of the former identity of Pontianak City
Analisis Tingkat Aktivitas Fisik dan Pengukuran Antropometri pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar di Pulau Panggang dan Pulau Pramuka
No full textPhysical activity during childhood is critical for healthy growth and development, contributing to both physical and mental well-being. This study aimed to assessment of physical activity levels and anthropometric measurements among elementary school children living on Panggang and Pramuka Islands, part of the Thousand Islands regency in Indonesia. The study sample includes 264 students from grades V and VI, consisting of 152 male and 112 female participants. Physical activity was evaluated using a modified version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) designed for children. Anthropometric measurements, including weight, height, and body mass index (BMI), were collected using a Xiaomi Mi 2 Pro scale for weight and BMI, and a stadiometer for height. Findings reveal that most students on these islands engage in moderate to high levels of physical activity, reflecting the outdoor, active lifestyle typical of the region. However, a minority of students exhibited low physical activity levels, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to increase engagement in physical activity. The unique geographic and cultural setting of Panggang and Pramuka Islands underscores the importance of developing localized strategies to enhance physical activity and ensure the long-term health of children, preventing potential risks like obesity, cardiovascular issues, and psychosocial challenges. This research provides a comprehensive understanding of children's physical activity and health status in the Thousand Islands, offering valuable insights for policymakers and educators in promoting healthier lifestyles in similar remote settings.Aktivitas fisik selama masa kanak-kanak sangat penting untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang sehat, yang berkontribusi pada kesejahteraan fisik dan mental. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai tingkat aktivitas fisik dan pengukuran antropometri di antara anak-anak sekolah dasar yang tinggal di Pulau Panggang dan Pramuka, bagian dari Kabupaten Kepulauan Seribu di Indonesia. Sampel penelitian mencakup 264 siswa dari kelas V dan VI, yang terdiri dari 152 peserta laki-laki dan 112 peserta perempuan. Aktivitas fisik dievaluasi menggunakan versi modifikasi dari Kuesioner Aktivitas Fisik Internasional (IPAQ) yang dirancang untuk anak-anak. Pengukuran antropometri, termasuk berat badan, tinggi badan, dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT), dikumpulkan menggunakan timbangan Xiaomi Mi 2 Pro untuk berat badan dan IMT, dan stadiometer untuk tinggi badan. Temuan mengungkapkan bahwa sebagian besar siswa di pulau-pulau ini terlibat dalam aktivitas fisik tingkat sedang hingga tinggi, yang mencerminkan gaya hidup aktif di luar ruangan yang khas di wilayah tersebut. Namun, sebagian kecil siswa menunjukkan tingkat aktivitas fisik yang rendah, yang menyoroti perlunya intervensi yang ditargetkan untuk meningkatkan keterlibatan dalam aktivitas fisik. Letak geografis dan budaya yang unik di Kepulauan Panggang dan Pramuka menggarisbawahi pentingnya mengembangkan strategi lokal untuk meningkatkan aktivitas fisik dan memastikan kesehatan jangka panjang anak-anak, mencegah potensi risiko seperti obesitas, masalah kardiovaskular, dan tantangan psikososial. Penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman yang komprehensif tentang aktivitas fisik dan status kesehatan anak-anak di Kepulauan Seribu, menawarkan wawasan berharga bagi para pembuat kebijakan dan pendidik dalam mempromosikan gaya hidup yang lebih sehat di lingkungan terpencil yang serupa
Biomonitoring of Air Quality Using Lichen as Bioindicator in The Greater Bandung Area, West Java
Get PDFAir quality assessment in an area can be determined by conducting biomonitoring using bioindicator organisms, including lichen. Lichen is a symbiotic organism that passively absorbs nutrients and chemical compounds from the air. This research was conducted in the Greater Bandung area, including Bandung City and West Bandung Regency, to observe the abundance of lichen species so that the purity of the atmosphere could be evaluated at each research location and determine the effect of environmental variables on lichen abundance.The survey area was divided into 40 units spread over two locations in Bandung, namely Djuanda street (JD), Kebon Kawung street (KK), and two locations in West Bandung Regency, namely Padalarang street (PD) and Curug Cimahi (CC). CC locations with low levels of pollution were used as comparison areas. Lichen samples from observation locations were identified, and the number of colonies, frequency of closure, and diversity (H’) were counted so that the Index of atmospheric purity (IAP) value at each observation location could be known. As many as 24 species from 14 lichen families with a total of 256 colonies were found in the four observation sites with the percentage of thallus crustose (62%), foliose (37%), and fruticose (1%). The highest lichen diversity was found in the CC area (2.62), followed by JD (1.99), PD (1.63), and the lowest in KK (0.90). The lowest IAP result was in KK (10.21), followed by PD (17.70) and JD (31.85). The location with the highest IAP was obtained at CC (46.65), indicating that the environmental conditions were still good, while other locations were polluted
Rapid Synthesis of Graphene Oxide Derived from Biomass with Atmospheric Plasma Technology
Get PDFIn this study, we explored a low-cost, green, and renewable approach utilizing biomass resources, i.e., coconut fronds, palm fronds, and rambutan stems, to rapidly synthesize graphene oxide via atmospheric plasma techniques. The plasma treatment, with argon gas as the plasma source and a power source of 960 W, lasted for 5 minutes. Graphene oxide (GO) was confirmed using SEM and TEM images with a C:O content ratio greater than 80% for all samples and the formation of graphene layers. The presence of a D-band and a G-band in Raman spectroscopy as well as O-H and C-O groups in the FTIR confirmed the existence of GO
How Green Are Hotels in Ghana? Evidence From Star-Rated Hotels in Kumasi Metropolitan Area
Get PDFThe study was conducted to assess green business practices among star-rated hotels in the Kumasi Metropolitan Area. This employed a survey and used a questionnaire to collect data from 60 managers from 84 licensed star-rating hotels.Data was analysed using both descriptive and inferential tests.The study results showed that star-rated hotels have implemented environmentally friendly practices, taking steps to reduce their water usage, adopting sustainable business practices for the long-term benefit of the environment, regular maintenance of sanitary facilities and pipes to prevent losses, and switching off the lights in unoccupied rooms. The study revealed that energy conservation, water conservation, eco-friendly cleaning, and water and energy monitoring were key green business policies adopted by star-rated hotels in the Kumasi Metropolitan Area. The study also showed that cost savings, customer demand, industry regulations and standards, environmental awareness, competitive advantage, and availability of resources were major factors that influenced the adoption of green practices by star-rated hotels in the Kumasi Metropolitan Area. The study suggests that the government shouldbe involved in all issues on the enforcement of green practices, as well as that employees' knowledge be raised consistently and their training be enhanced about the use of green practices
Optimasi Pemeliharaan Jalan: Model Pengambilan Keputusan Multi-Kriteria untuk Prioritas di Kabupaten Pasaman, Sumatera Barat
Get PDFJalan merupakan prasarana transportasi yang penting dalam pertumbuhan pembagunan social dan ekonomi. Karena keterbatasan dana, maka perlu menentukan prioritas perbaikan jalan. Agar penanganan jalan berjalan optimal, diperlukan kriteria yang menjadi prioritas utama untuk dipertimbangkan dengan seksama.Pemilihan kriteria yang tepat merupakan aspek yang perlu dikaji karena kondisi dan kebutuhan setiap daerah akan prioritas perbaikan dan peningkatan jalan akan berbeda. Pendekatan analisa yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) dengan mengunakan expert choice. Dalam penelitian ini, hirarki AHP yang digunakan adalah hirarki fungsional yang terdiri dari 3 level yaitu tujuan (level 1), kriteria (level 2) dan sub kriteria (level 3).Kuesioner disebarkan pada 19 responden untuk menemukan bobot kriteria dan subkriteria yang menjadi prioritas pemeliharaan ruas jalan di Kabupaten Pasaman, Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Dari 6 kriteria dan 23 sub kriteria, setelah dilakukan analisis dengan mengunakan Expert Choice, terdapat 5 kriteria dan 19 sub-kriteria yang memenuhi persyaratan nilai CR 0,1. Dalam menetapkan urutan kegiatan pemeliharaan jalan di Kabupaten Pasaman, bobot diberikan pada beberapa faktor, seperti kerusakan jalan (30,90%), aspek ekonomi (19,70%), kebijakan (18,10%), lalu lintas (16,00%), dan tata guna lahan (9,60%). Hasil dari model ini selanjutnya di aplikasikan kepada 12 ruas jalan yang membutuhkan pemeliharan
Evaluasi Perilaku dan Viskositas Material Pasir Kelanauan pada Kondisi Terlikuifaksi dengan Menggunakan Piezocone
Get PDFAbstract
Liquefaction is phenomenon of the loss of shear strength of saturated sandy soil. Liquefaction has become one of the primary concerns for Indonesia and the world, especially after the occurrence of liquefaction in Palu due to Palu-Donggala earthquake. Learning from the liquefaction phenomena after the Palu-Donggala earthquake event on 28 September 2018, many researchers have conducted liquefaction and flow slide study. In order to complete the study of the liquefaction phenomenon, an experimental study using shake table, chamber, and piezocone is conducted to evaluate the behaviour and viscosity of liquefied silty sand material. Based on the observation during liquefied condition, the silty sand material will experience an increase in excess pore pressure and a decrease in tip resistance. In addition, it is also known that sleeve resistance, speed of penetration of the piezocone, and zone of influence due to piezocone penetration are the main keys in determining the viscosity of the silty sand material during liquefied condition
Keywords: Liquefaction, viscosity, silty sand, piezoconeAbstrak
Fenomena likuefaksi merupakan hilangnya kuat geser tanah berpasir jenuh. Likuefaksi menjadi salah satu perhatian utama bagi Indonesia dan dunia, terutama setelah terjadinya peristiwa likuifaksi di Palu akibat gempa Palu-Donggala. Belajar dari fenomena likuefaksi pasca gempa Palu-Donggala 28 September 2018 tersebut, banyak peneliti yang telah melakukan kajian mengenai likuefaksi dan longsoran aliran. Untuk melengkapi kajian fenomena likuefaksi tersebut, maka dilakukan studi eksperimental menggunakan shake table, chamber, dan piezocone untuk mempelajari perilaku dan untuk mengetahui parameter viskositas dari material tanah pasir kelanauan dalam kondisi terlikuefaksi. Dari hasil pengamatan saat dalam kondisi terlikuifaksi, material pasir kelanauan akan mengalami peningkatan tekanan air pori ekses dan mengalami penurunan besaran tahanan ujung konus. Selain itu, diketahui pula bahwa friksi selimut, kecepatan penetrasi piezocone, dan zona pengaruh dari piezocone pada saat mengalami penetrasi menjadi kunci utama dalam penentuan nilai viskositas pada saat material pasir kelanauan dalam kondisi terlikuifaksi.
Kata-kata Kunci: Likuefaksi, viskositas, pasir kelanauan, piezocon
INVOLVEMENT ARACHIDONIC ACID CASCADE IN MEMORY DEFICIT BY KRATOM (Mitragyna speciosa) IN MALE WISTAR RATS
Get PDFKratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is a plant that is widely found in Southeast Asia particularly, in Indonesia. Mitragynine, which was the main alkaloid of kratom, has been reported associated with addictiveness and memory impairment in animal studies. However, the mechanism of memory impairment is still unclear. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of the arachidonic acid cascade in memory impairment caused by kratom. Male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups, namely vehicle (CMC Na 0.5%; oral), kratom ethanolic extract (50, 100 and 200 mg/Kg; oral (p.o)), and the group given Diclofenac Sodium (5 mg /Kg; Intraperitonial (i.p)) 30 mins before administration of kratom ethanolic extract (50, 100 and 200 mg/Kg; oral) for 14 days. Memory impairment was carried out using a spatial memory test on days 10-16 using the Morris Water Maze and a working memory test using the Y Maze on the 17th day. Kratom administration was shown to impair spatial memory and working memory when compared with the vehicle group (P<0.05). Diclofenac sodium prevents spatial memory and working memory impairment due to Kratom when compared to the group administered by kratom monotherapy at the equivalent dose (P<0.05). In this study, it was found that there was involvement of the arachidonic acid cascade in memory impairment by kratom.Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) adalah salah satu tanaman yang banyak terdapat di Asia Tenggara, termasuk Indonesia Belakangan ini Mitragynine yang merupakan alkaloid utama dari kratom dilaporkan menyebabkan kecanduan dan menurunkan memori pada hewan. Namun, mekanismenya dalam menurunkan memori belum sepenuhnya diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi keterlibatan jalur asam arakidonat pada gangguan memori akibat kratom. Penelitian ini menggunakan tikus wistar jantan yang dibagi kedalam tujuh kelompok yaitu pembawa (CMC Na 0,5%; oral), Ektrak etanol daun Kratom (50, 100 dan 200 mg/KgBB; oral), dan kelompok yang diberi Natrium Diklofenak (5 mg/KgBB; Intraperitonial) 30 menit sebelum pemberian Ektrak etanol daun Kratom (50, 100 dan 200 mg/KgBB; oral) selama 14 hari. Pada hari ke 10-16 dilakukan uji memori spasial menggunakan morris water maze. Dan pada hari ke 17 dilakukan evaluasi pada working memori menggunakan Y Maze. Pemberian kratom terbukti menurunkan memori spasial dan working memori ketika dibandingkan dengan grup pembawa (P<0.05). Natrium diclofenac mencegah perburukan memori spasial dan working memori akibat kratom jika dibandingkan dengan kelompok yang diberi kratom pada dosis setara (P<0.05). Pada penelitian ini ditemukan adanya keterlibatan jalur asam arakidonat terhadap perburukan memori oleh kratom.
Kata kunci: Mitragyna speciosa, Gangguan Memori, Asam arakidonat, Tikus Wistar, Y-Maze, Morris Water Maze.
 
AKTIVITAS PENGHAMBAT LIPASE AKTIVITAS PENGHAMBAT LIPASE PANKREAS In Vitro dan STANDARISASI EKSTRAK BANGLE (Zingiber cassumunar ROXB.)
No full textA body mass index of ≥30 kg/m2 indicates obesity, which is brought on by an excess of fat deposits. blocking obesity can be achieved in part by blocking the pancreatic enzyme lipase from doing its job. A plant belonging to the Zingiberaceae family, bangle rhizome has been used traditionally for body slimming and stomach reduction. Standardization is required to guarantee the quality of Bangle extract as a basic material for traditional medicine. The study aim were evaluate specific and non-specific character to standardize Bangle extract and to conduct the inhibitory activity of lipase enzyme activity in vitro. Maceration is used to create the extract, and the extract is subsequently examined for loss of drying, microscopic, phytochemical screening and ethanol and water-soluble extract content. In vitro tests were carried out using the colorimetric method to determine the percentage of inhibition of bangle extract against lipase. The ideal lipase incubation conditions were maintained at 37 OC, pH 7, for 10 minutes. The water content and total ash content yield respectively of 9.42% ± 0.36 and 0,7%±0,02 while the water and ethanol soluble extract levels were 16.96 and 15.13%, respectively. When tested against the pancreatic lipase enzyme at a concentration of 100 ppm, the bangle extract shown a 27.21%±1.59 inhibition of the enzyme. Bangle extract exhibits strong activity in suppressing the pancreatic lipase enzyme in vitro, and overall, both specific and non-specific parfameters of the extract have met the standard requirements.Obesitas merupakan suatu kondisi dengan Body Mass Index ≥30 kg/m2 yang disebabkan karena timbunan lemak yang berlebihan. Salah satu mekanisme pencegahan terjadinya obesitas adalah dengan menghambat aktivitas enzim lipase yang disekresikan di pankreas. Rimpang bangle merupakan salah satu tanaman dari keluarga Zingiberaceae yang telah dimanfaatkan secara tradisional diantaranya adalah untuk mengecilkan perut dan pelangsing tubuh. Untuk menjamin mutu ekstrak Bangle sebagai bahan baku obat tradisional, maka perlu dilakukan standarisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas penghambatan enzim lipase secara in vitro dan standarisasi ekstrak rimpang Bangle melalui pengujian parameter spesifik dan non spesifik. Metode pembuatan ekstrak dilakukan secara maserasi, ekstrak selanjutnya diuji kadar air, kadar sari larut air dan etanol, serta kandungan fitokimia. Persen penghambatan enzim lipase pankreas secara in vitro diperoleh dengan metode kolorimetri menggunakan p-nitro fenilbutirat sebagai substrat. Kondisi inkubasi lipase optimum dilakukan pada suhu 37 OC, pH 7, selama 10 menit. Hasil standarisasi memenuhi persyaratan FHI, kadar sari larut air dan etanol berturut-turut adalah 16,96 dan 15,13 % dan pengujian kadar air serta kadar abu total memberikan hasil 9,42%±0,36 dan 0,7%±0,02. Aktivitas ekstrak bangle terhadap enzim lipase pankreas pada konsentrasi 100 ppm memberikan penghambatan enzim lipase sebesar 27,21%±1,59. Secara keseluruhan baik parameter spesifik maupun non spesifik ekstrak telah memenuhi persyaratan standar dan ekstrak bangle memiliki aktivitas yang kuat dalam menghambat enzim lipase pankreas secara in vitro
Navigating the Digital Landscape: Unveiling Language Dynamics and Digital Identity among Indonesia’s Contemporary Generation
Get PDFThis research article investigates the impact of the Internet on language development and digital linguistics in Indonesia. It explores the search frequency and familiarity trends of Indonesian words and phrases, examining their connection to social change and identity. The study utilizes the Google Trend platform to collect data from 2018 to 2023, capturing the prevalence of the Indonesian language in Google searches. The research incorporates a comparative analysis of online data from social media, incorporating ethnographic interviews with 30 participants, and conducting a comprehensive lexicon survey. 77 Indonesian words and phrases are collected and analyzed, providing insights into familiarity patterns. Additionally, interviews and surveys are conducted with Indonesian university students to understand their attitudes towards language, its role in shaping identities, internet usage, and societal norms. The analysis focuses on 40 selected words, investigating their correlation with language patterns, identity formation, emotions, and societal conventions. The findings reveal how neologisms within Indonesia’s digital linguistic landscape reflect societal shifts, including contemporary events, social media trends, and societal pressures. The proliferation of trending words aligned with themes of identity, societal norms, and emotional well-being highlights the influence of social media and the Internet on language dissemination. These changes are deeply embedded in Indonesia’s digital linguistic milieu and are further elucidated through interviews, offering insights into internet users’ linguistic practices. The study emphasizes the importance of tracking language and societal trends for self-expression and integration into diverse communities. It also highlights the reciprocal relationship between self-identity and communal influence on language development. This research contributes to understanding language dynamics and digital identity in the Indonesian context, revealing the complex interplay between language, society, and individual perspectives.