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A Historical Approach to Understanding Differentiation of RYB vs RGB
Get PDFThis article defines the roles of colors and presents their historical development as a fundamental means of expression within artwork. It also introduces color theorists and practices, including the mixing of pigments, a necessary technique for artists-designers in creating tangible results. Modern artists-designers have used these theorists to express themselves in producing an aesthetic experience in the viewer through their artwork, starting with Sir Isaac Newton’s light-spectrum experiments using a glass prism and a beam of white light, and continuing through Johannes Itten’s color-wheel and creative color-matching exercises. This article objective defines the significance of color, its historical development on the basis of earlier perceptual theorists’ findings that color acquires dimension and meaning in response to cultural-historical context or psychological realities. As a result, this paper also explores how color affects our emotions, our psychic and spiritual manifestations. This psychic-spiritual manifestation is revealed through a process of visual perception and experimenting with color and its symbolic meaning. Artists such as Seurat, Munch, Kandinsky, Paul Klee, Josef Albers, Picasso, Joan Miro, or Mark Rothko demonstrated the expressive power of color-pigment. The authors hope that this paper will bring significant discussion, awareness, will assist general readers and academic researchers and truly advance knowledge
Kesiapan CHSE di Era New Normal (Studi Kasus: Airbnb di Kota Denpasar, Bali)
No full textThis research examines Airbnb listings’ readiness to fulfils CHSE in Denpasar City. This result shows three priority amenities: a fire extinguisher, a first aid kit, and a smoke detector. However, the readiness of Airbnb to meet CHSE requirements remains limited and only found in certain types of listing. The study provide important insights into the lack of CHSE implementation among Airbnb listings, mainly in private and hotel room listings. This problem is further exacerbated by the difficulty of supervising the implementation of the CHSE, as Airbnb’s legal status remains debatable following hosts’ willingness to register with the Tourism Office.Penelitian ini mengkaji kesiapan properti Airbnb dalam memenuhi CHSE di Kota Denpasar. Hasil ini menunjukkan tiga fasilitas prioritas: alat pemadam kebakaran, kotak P3K, dan detektor asap. Namun, kesiapan AirBnb untuk memenuhi persyaratan CHSE masih terbatas dan hanya ditemukan pada jenis listing tertentu. Studi ini memberikan wawasan penting mengenai kurangnya penerapan CHSE di antara properti Airbnb, terutama pada listing kamar pribadi dan hotel. Masalah ini semakin diperburuk dengan sulitnya mengawasi penerapan CHSE, karena status hukum Airbnb masih diperdebatkan menyusul kesediaan pemilik properti untuk mendaftarkan ke Dinas Pariwisata
Optimal Control Strategies on Mobility for Preventing COVID-19 Transmission: A study with A Three-Patch Compartmental Model
Get PDFHuman mobility can be identified as one of the main factors that directly affect the spread of COVID-19. Accordingly, human mobility must be controlled in a proper way to deficit the spread of COVID-19 as the economy of a country depends on human mobility. Nevertheless, due to the lack of proper management of the lockdown restrictions, the economy of many countries has already suffered a severe decline. In this research, a compartmental model (SIR) has been presented using optimal control theory to deficit the spread of COVID-19. Thus, the districts of Sri Lanka were divided into three regions (three-patch), and two control variables, were used to control the normal human mobility within the region and between the region. Also, when designing the cost function, two competing factors which deficit the spread of COVID-19 and save the country's economy were considered. Furthermore, optimal solutions were obtained using the Pontryagin's maximum principle and the data related to the spread of COVID-19 in Sri Lanka from April 15 to May 15, 2021, have been used here. In this research, a lockdown policy has been mainly focused on formally imposing and removing lockdown restrictions to compromise both the competing factors of economic security and control the spread of disease. Based on the results, a clear idea could be obtained about the time limits that should be imposed lockdown restrictions within the region and between the regions. Consequently, it was apparent that starting the systematic removal of the lockdown limits within the regions and between the regions are approximately equal. Furthermore, effective reproductive number are used to check the spread of COVID-19. Hence, it can be assumed that the spread of disease is less when mobility controls are activated. The results which were obtained here can be used not only for COVID-19 but for any pandemic and endemic
Impact of Nanomaterial in the Marine Environment: Through Mathematical Modelling by Eco-Path Framework
Get PDFWe propose and analyze a simple modification to the Rosenzweig-MacArthur predator (zooplankton)-prey (phytoplankton) model to account for the interference of the predators with the impacts of nanoparticles. We have taken into account the influence of predators by quantifying the impact of nanoparticles in actual environments. It is shown that the influence of the nanoparticles may reduce the prey's maximum physiological per-capita growth rate. An elementary Lotka-Volterra uptake term is taken into consideration in order to investigate the nanoparticle dynamics or interactions. Most importantly, our research shows that phytoplankton growth suppression caused by nanoparticles can destabilize the system and cause periodic oscillation. Additionally, it was demonstrated that a decrease in the equilibrium densities of both phytoplankton and zooplankton might occur from an increase in the rate of interaction between the nanoparticles and phytoplankton. Additionally, the study shows that the stable coexistence of the system dynamics depends critically on the aquatic system's nanoparticles being depleted. We also looked into the system using different kinds of functional reactions. Compared to other commonly used ecology, The complex relationship that exists between phytoplankton and nanoparticles in the natural environment is better described by the Monod-Haldane functional response
A Mathematical Model of Social Interaction between the Sufferers of Cardiovascular and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Get PDFType 2 diabetes mellitus is a non-communicable medical condition that is most commonly suffered in compare to type 1 diabetes, gestational diabetes, or diabetes that is caused by pathogen or disorders. The other important non-communicable medical condition is cardiovascular disease that occurs due to impaired blood circulation in the heart and blood vessels. The unhealthy lifestyle behaviors that mainly influenced by social interactions play an important role to increase the number of prevalence for those diseases. In this paper, we consider a mathematical model of the social interactions effects to the sufferers of the cardiovascular and type 2 diabetes mellitus diseases. We separate the population to five sub populations, i.e., individuals with normal weight, individuals who have obesity, individuals with cardiovascular disease only, individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus disease only, and individuals with both cardiovascular and type 2 diabetes mellitus diseases. By using linear analysis and bifurcation theory, we determine the steady state conditions analytically and show some scenarios for the population based on variation of the parameters value numerically
Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Laju Aliran Air pada Sistem Pendinginan Modul Fotovoltaik dengan Simulasi CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics)
Get PDFDeveloping renewable energy is one of the main strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve global goals to limit global warming above pre-industrial temperatures. This study analyzes the effect of varying the cooling water flow rate on MS100-36 type polycrystalline photovoltaic modules through ANSYS Fluent 2024 R1 Student simulation. This simulation was conducted from 08:00 to 17:00, focusing on the influence of inlet water temperature on the temperature distribution of photovoltaic modules. The simulation results indicate thermal steady-state conditions at an irradiation of 463 W/m² with a natural coefficient of 5 W/m².There is a temperature distribution process occurring in the photovoltaic module under fluent conditions, where the effect of the inlet water temperature on the surface of the PV module is examined for a water temperature range of 20°C to 30°C in 5°C intervals, with water flow rates of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 kg/s. The contour images indicate that an increase in water flow rate can enhance the cooling effect of the photovoltaic module. Higher inlet water temperatures transfer less heat, producing higher temperatures for the photovoltaic modules. A water flow rate of 0.2 kg/s and an inlet water temperature of 20°C produce a lower and more uniform temperature distribution on the photovoltaic modules. Thus, increasing the water flow rate and decreasing the inlet water temperature have proven effective in enhancing the cooling performance of photovoltaic modules.Pengembangan energi terbarukan merupakan salah satu strategi utama mengurangi emisi gas rumah kaca dan mencapai tujuan global untuk membatasi pemanasan global di atas suhu pra-industrial. Studi ini menganalisis pengaruh variasi laju aliran air pendinginan modul fotovoltaik polikristalin tipe MS100-36 melalui simulasi ANSYS Fluent 2024 R1 Student. Simulasi ini dijalankan dari pukul 08:00 hingga 17:00, dengan fokus pengaruh suhu air masuk terhadap distribusi suhu modul fotovoltaik. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan kondisi tunak termal pada iradiasi 463 W/m² dengan koefisien alami 5 W/m².K terjadi proses distribusi suhu modul fotovoltaik, pada kondisi fluent pengaruh suhu air masuk ke permukaan modul fotovoltaik untuk rentang suhu air adalah 20°C hingga 30°C dengan interval 5°C dengan kecepatan air masuk 0,05, 0,1, dan 0,2 kg/s. Gambar kontur menunjukan bahwa peningkatan laju aliran air dapat meningkatkan efek pendinginan modul PV. Suhu air masuk yang lebih tinggi mentransfer lebih sedikit panas, mengakibatkan suhu modul fotovoltaik yang lebih tinggi. Laju aliran air 0.2 kg/s dan suhu air masuk 20°C menghasilkan distribusi suhu yang lebih rendah dan merata pada modul fotovoltaik. Dengan demikian, peningkatan laju aliran air dan penurunan suhu air masuk terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan kinerja pendinginan modul fotovoltaik
Rancang Bangun Sistem Deteksi Hama Tanaman Whiteflies Berbasis Jaringan Sensor Nirkabel dan Aplikasi Web
Get PDFOne of the main challenges in farming activities is regarding efforts to detect and monitor pests, which can be used as a basis for determining correct pest control efforts. Greenhouse whitefish (GWF) is a dangerous pest that absorbs plant sap, causing plants to weaken or even die due to lack of nutrition. Efforts to detect GWF pests are generally carried out manually using yellow sticky traps (YST), which require routine and repeated checking efforts from farmers with a long time interval between each checking activity. This research is aimed to design an automatic monitoring solution of GWF pests based on the camera image of YST paper. The proposed design method uses a web-based wireless sensor network system equipped with image processing algorithms that operate in a real-time manner. In the proposed method, the camera sensor is used to capture YST images, which are then processed using a website-based application system. The evaluation of the prototype testing suggests that the designed pest detection system functions well and without problems. With regard to the developed hardware, evaluation results show that the camera sensor can be accessed and send data to the developed website application in a real-time manner. Regarding the image processing algorithm, evaluation results show that the developed histogram based image processing technique can detect GWF on plant leaf being considered with accuracy levels up to a range of 94%-100%.Salah satu tantangan dalam kegiatan pertanian adalah terkait upaya deteksi dan pemantauan hama yang dapat dijadikan basis untuk penentuan tindak penanganan yang tepat. Greenhouse whiteflies (GWF) adalah salah satu hama berbahaya yang menyerap getah tanaman sehingga membuat tanaman melemah atau bahkan mati akibat kekurangan nutrisi. Upaya deteksi hama GWF umumnya masih dilakukan secara manual menggunakan yellow sticky trap (YST) yang membutuhkan pengecekan oleh petani secara berulang dengan selang waktu lama antar setiap aktivitas pengecekan. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk merancang suatu sistem otomasi pemantauan hama GWF berbasis gambar YST. Metode perancangan yang diajukan adalah melalui penggunaan suatu sistem jaringan sensor nirkabel berbasis web yang dilengkapi dengan algoritma pengolahan citra dan dioperasikan secara real-time. Pada metode yang diajukan, sensor kamera digunakan untuk menangkap citra YST yang kemudian diproses dengan aplikasi berbasis website. Pengujian purwarupa hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rancangan sistem deteksi hama berfungsi dengan baik dan tanpa kendala. Secara khusus pada aspek perangkat keras, pengujian menunjukkan sensor kamera di lapangan dapat diakses dan mengirimkan data secara real-time ke aplikasi website yang dirancang. Sementara pada aspek algoritma pengolahan citra, teknik deteksi citra berbasis analisis histogram yang digunakan mampu mendeteksi hama whiteflies pada citra daun yang ditinjau dengan tingkat akurasi mencapai rentang 94%-100%
Optimizing the Wet Fermentation of Ateng Coffee (Arabica) with the Addition of Yeast R1-TKSU and LAB (Leuconostoc suionicum) Inoculum
Get PDFAteng coffee is an Arabica coffee that generally has a high selling value because of its better taste compared to other coffees. However, ateng coffee has poor post-harvest processing, resulting in low coffee quality and an impact on low coffee selling prices. In this study, optimization ofwet fermentation using yeast R1-TKSU and LAB (Leuconostoc suionicum) inoculums was used to improve the quality of ateng coffee. Treatment variations were fermentation with the addition of yeast, LAB, yeast : LAB 1:1, and there is also a control without the addition of inoculum. Sensory assessment showed that the best cupping score was the sample added by LAB with a total score of 86.5. The contents of malic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, sucrose, fructose, and glucose and ethanol which were analyzed by HPLC were found to be relatively stable ingreen coffee beans. Fermentation added inoculum affects the concentration of acetic acid. Amino acid analysed showed that overall the highest concentration of amino acids in green coffee beans was in the yeast : LAB 1:1 treatment. It can be concluded that controlled wet fermentation with the addition of yeast R1-TKSU and LAB (Leuconsotoc suionicum) inoculums can improve the quality of ateng coffee.
The Contemporary Prison Design for Contemporary Crime in Indonesia
No full textThe field of criminal justice has evolved due to changing criminal behavior and the nature of crime. Imprisonment has become the predominant punitive measure in the modern context, particularly in Indonesia, where it is executed within correctional institutions operating under a unique system known as sistem pemasyarakatan. While the challenges within the prison itself are a cause for concern, there's an additional layer of complexity when it comes to the presence of correctional facilities in urban settings, including high operational costs, substantial land requirements, and the often-intangible societal benefits they offer. This paper presents an innovative approach to contemporary prison design in Indonesia, referred to as "Gentle Punishment," with the aim of enhancing the productivity of inmates and correctional facilities for the broader public good. By drawing inspiration from Foucault's "The Gentle Way of Punishment" (1979), Lefebvre's "Rhythmanalysis" (2004), and Shah and Kesan's “How Architecture Regulates” (2007), six key design issues have been identified: image, landscape, zoning, personal space, classification, as well as safety and security. These design issues can be effectively addressed through the application of four core design concepts: "Vertical Incarceration," "Gentle Security," "Prison as Civic Engagement Center," and "Compact and Sustainable Living.
LoVi App: Android Application-based Image Classification for Low Vision
Get PDFIn Indonesia, many people with visual impairments are drawing public attention to their rights as fellow humans. One of the limitations that individuals with low vision face is their ability to recognize objects and navigate their surroundings due to difficulties in visual perception. In this modern era, deep learning technologies, especially in image classification, can help people with low vision overcome these challenges. In this paper, we discuss a deep learning system that optimizes image classification on users' smartphones to enhance visual support for individuals with low vision. We present an Android-based app, LoVi, designed to assist users with low vision. Powered by core systems within Sherpa models (TrotoarNet, IndoorNet, and CurrencyNet), LoVi has three modes: outdoor, indoor, and currency. The LoVi application provides over 80% accuracy for navigation on sidewalks, indoor object recognition, and currency identification. TrotoarNet aids in sidewalk navigation, IndoorNet assists with indoor object identification, and CurrencyNet recognizes Rupiah banknotes. Additionally, low-vision users can receive voice feedback for further accessibility