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PARALLEL DISK CONTINUOUSLY VARIABLE TRANSMISSION (PDCVT):PROTOTYPE DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE TESTING
Get PDFIn this paper, a typical Parallel Disk Continuously Variable Transmission System (PDCVT) is developed in the spirit and approach of Kazerounian and Furu-Szekely. In situations where a speed ratio is required to be changed frequently, continuously variable transmission is one of the desirable solutions. The PDCVT system is one such solution which offers the advantages such as high power to weight ratio and reliability in operation. First of all, the development and manufacturing details of the developed PDCVT system are discussed and experimental and theoretical values of transmission ratios have been determined with different ball diameters and materials. Also, the theoretical and experimental evaluation of transmission torque has been carried out. Experiments have been carried out to determine the system parameters: the stiffness of the spring for preloading mechanism of the system and the area of contact between the balls and rotating disks to determine the coefficient of friction
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF TRAPEZOIDAL SHAPE DOUBLE LAYER MICROCHANNEL HEAT SINK
Get PDFWith increasing demand for higher computational speed and emerging micro-systems, thermal management poses serious challenge for efficient cooling. Among these liquid cooling using microchannels has gained significant attention and has been extended to its double layer configuration which eliminates the drawback of significant temperature variations in single layer system. The double layer configuration has been primarily analyzed for rectangular ducts. In this study the performance of trapezoidal shape double layer microchannel heat sink is investigated and compared to rectangular double layer heat sink of same flow area. Four different possible configurations are analyzed and comparative study among respective counter and parallel configuration is performed followed by comparison among each configuration. The performance is evaluated on the basis of maximum temperature attained at the heated surface as well as minimum temperature variations. Finally the best performing configuration is compared with double layer rectangular heat sink. Analysis shows that among various trapezoidal configurations, the one with larger side face to face is most suitable. Further comparative study with rectangular system shows that performance of trapezoidal double layer heat sink is superior in both aspects, i.e. minimum thermal resistance as well as minimum temperature variations
GUIDING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS: A TOC APPROACH
Get PDFMany research has shown that approximately 70% of every medium to large scale industries have some type of quality improvement (QI) program. Depending on various independent studies, researchers have concluded that only onefifth of all QI projects show attractive output. The reason for this disappointing result is most of the QI programs are not result oriented. The main aim of this paper is to elaborate the value of using the Theory of Constraints (TOC), so that a result-oriented QI program can be achieved with a better bottom-line impact, which will be better than the traditional cost based selection process
OPTIMIZED INTENTION FOR CONTINUOUS QUERIES IN THE ACTIVE DATA AGGREGATION NETWORK WITH COST MODEL
Get PDFWithin an RDBMS streams of changes to the data and reporting when the result of a query defined over the data changes. These queries are referred to as the continuous queries since they continually produce results whenever new data arrives or existing data changes. To make online decision we require monitoring the continuous queries. Here the aim is to introduce the low-cost, scalable technique to answer continuous aggregation queries using a network of aggregators of dynamic data items. There is significant work in systems that can efficiently deliver the relevant updates automatically. And also to provide for getting the optimal set of sub queries with their incoherency bounds which satisfies client query’s coherency requirement with least number of refresh messages sent from aggregators to the client. For optimal query execution divide the query into sub-queries and evaluate each sub-query at a judiciously chosen data aggregator. The main purpose is to response the client with the least number of tasks with the help of random query selection. Random query selection means for the user submitted query the relevant queries, sub queries are generated. A query cost model which can be used to estimate the number of messages required to satisfy the client specified incoherency bound
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF ZNO DOPED DIDYMIUM NANO POWDER SAMPLES
Get PDFIn the recent years, much attention has been focused on wide band gap semiconductors materials because of their excellent potential for blue light emitting devices, short-wavelength laser diodes and detectors in UV-blue spectral region. The wide band gap ZnO is gaining much importance for the possible application due to the capability of ultraviolet lasing at room temperature and possibilities to engineer the band gap for further use. In order to attain the potential offered by ZnO, both high-quality n-and p-type ZnO are essential. In this work we synthese the ZnO nanopowder by Sol–gel method & after that the ZnO is doped with rare earth material didymium. Didymium is a naturally occurring element with major constituent Nd and Pr and is used in many applications. The FTIR, SEM and EDX characterization techniques are applied to study the sample & it has been found that the formation of pure phase of ZnO having wurtzite hexagonal structure occurs at 1%, But at higher concentration of Di (3%, 5%) the system shows mixed phase. Moreover SEM shows that the Di doped ZnO has well ordered morphology, has low aggregation and homogeneous distribution of particle size. Note that the synthesized system is also having band gap of 3.24 eV which is comparable with the standard value
QUALITATIVE EVALUATION OF ROUTING PROTOCOLS OF MANET IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK
Get PDFA mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is composed of mobile nodes without any infrastructure. Mobile nodes selforganize to form a network over radio links. The goal of MANETs is to extend mobility into the realm of autonomous, mobile and wireless domains, where a set of nodes form the network routing infrastructure in an ad-hoc fashion. The majority of applications of MANETs are in areas where rapid deployment and dynamic reconfiguration are necessary and wired network is not available. Due to their time varying nature of the topology of these networks traditional routing methods cannot be directly used .In this paper a number of routing protocols which are used in MANETS are studied and compared on a range of parameters
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A ALTERNATE MECHANISM FOR STONE CRUSHER USING RELATIVE VELOCITY METHOD
Get PDFIn this paper alternate mechanism for design and analysis of small size stone crusher mechanism is proposed. The basic idea is to optimize the design of the crusher which would be best suited for stone which need crushing force of 3 Tons. Presently for reducing sizes of stones from 10cm x 10cm to 2.5cm x 2.5cm in quarries is laborious job and is done manually our approach is to design a best optimum mechanism for said conditions
REVIEW PAPER ON OPTIMAL LOCATION OF SHUNT FACTS DEVICES BY EVOLUTIONARY PROGRAMMING BASED ON OPTIMAL POWER FLOW IN POWER SYSTEM.
Get PDFThe modern power system is operating closed to its voltage and thermal instability limits. The present transmission network was not originally planned for heavy power trading in the market. The time is to maximize the utilization of existing transmission lines and to manage the congestion. FACTS (Flexible AC transmission system) devices are having capability of improving power transmission, improving voltage profile, minimizing power losses, etc. This paper presents a review on how FACTS devices are used to provide the maximum relief to the congested line by computation techniques. The proposed paper uses sensitivity index to locate FACTS devices optimally. These computation techniques are used solve the OPF (Optimal Power Flow) problems on various IEEE buses
SURVEY OF BOTNETS AND DETECTION TOOLS
Get PDFBotnet meaning bot network is a collection of infected computers under the command and control of a single individual known as a botmaster. Botnets are a current threat to the Internet community and have recently been a root cause of many Internet attacks. Various attacks that include spamming, distributed denial of service attacks, phishing, click fraud, hosting illegal material, key logging etc. are being carried out by hackers using botnets. Botnets are becoming more efficient and more elaborate with time and their use is growing at an exponential rate. In this paper a detailed study of botnet, their topologies, rallying mechanisms and communication protocols used and detection mechanisms both at the network and host level are presented
An Analysis for Incompatibility in Demand-Supply of Irrigation Water in Salandi Irrigation Project, Orissa, India
Get PDFNormally for an average to good catchment, ratio of command area to catchment of an irrigation project varies from 0.3 to 0.5. But in case of Salandi Irrigation project, the first major irrigation project of Orissa commissioned during 1967, the ratio exceeds unity, i.e., 1.276, which is extraordinary. The theoretical crop water requirement considering the cropping practice in vogue over the command and adopting the parameters considered in the project report works out to 0.858m in Kharif and 1.296m in Rabi. But, it is found that in practice the actual water supplied in the distribution system for the period from1985-86 to 2005-06 during Kharif and Rabi is 0.283m and 0.929m, respectively. This less quantity of water supply for irrigation in the command than the theoretical requirement has not affected the crop yield but has made the agriculture successful. Various aspects of the Project such as the geophysical features of the catchment, hydro-geological formation of the command, soil characteristics, percolation rate through the top soil, amount of rainfall and its distribution, cropping pattern in the command and unusual phenomenon of irrigation practice in the Salandi irrigation command and probable reason for success of this project in providing irrigation over the years with much less quantum of water has been analyzed and presented in this paper