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A Strategic Review on Growth of InP on Silicon Substrate for Applications in High Frequency RF Devices
Get PDFA review is presented on the advances in InAlAs/InGaAs High Electron Mobility transistors (HEMT) on silicon substrates for high frequency and low noise applications. Although InAlAs/InGaAs HEMTs on InP and GaAs substrates have been much appreciated due to their superior performance, their widespread applications have been hindered due to higher cost of the substrates. Silicon has been used as an alternative substrate considering the benefits of low cost, technological maturity and integration of III-V and silicon technology inspite of the constraints like lattice mismatch and large difference in thermal expansion coefficient
Analysis Of Mechanical Properties And Free Vibration Response Of Composite Laminates
Get PDFThe Word composite consisting of two or more distinct materials, having two or more distinct phases with different physical properties are noticeable different from the constituent properties. Of all composite materials the fabric type has evoked the most interest among embedded in matrix materials to form laminated composites. These have been used for centuries and today industrial innovation improved energy planning. Uncertain availability and ever increasing cost have created a greater interest in composites. The engineering importance of a composite material is that two or more distinctly different materials with dissimilar characteristics combine together to form a composite that is either superior or important in some other manner to the properties of the individual materials. Most of the composites have been created to improve combinational of mechanical characteristics such stiffness, wear resistance and mechanical properties
Design of High Performance Modified Wave pipelined DAA Filter with Critical Path Approach
Get PDFIn this paper, a new high speed control circuit is proposed which will act as a critical path for the data which will go from input to output to improve the performance of wave pipelining circuits The wave pipelining is a method of high performance circuit designs which implements pipelining in logic without the use of intermediate registers. Wave pipelining has been widely used in the past few years with a great deal of significant features in technology and applications. It has the ability to improve speed, efficiency, economy in every aspect which it presents. Wave pipelining is being used in wide range of applications like digital filters, network routers, multipliers, fast convolvers, MODEMs, image processing, control systems, radars and many others. In previous work, the operating speed of the wave-pipelined circuit can be increased by the following three tasks: adjustment of the clock period, clock skew and equalization of path delays. The path-delay equalization task can be done theoretically, but the real challenge is to accomplish it in the presence of various different delays. So, the main objective of this paper is to solve the path delay equalization problem by inserting the control circuit in wave pipelined based circuit which will act as critical path for the data that moves from input to output. The proposed technique is evaluated for DSP applications by designing 4- tap FIR filter using Distributed arithmetic algorithm (DAA). Then comparison of this design is done with 4-tap FIR filter designs using conventional pipelining and non pipelining. The synthesis and simulation results based on Xilinx ISE Navigator 12.3 shows that wave pipelined DAA based filter is faster by a factor of 1.43 compared to non pipelined one and the conventional pipelined filter is faster than non pipelined by factor of 1.61 but at the cost of increased logic utilization by 200 %. So, the wave-pipelined DA filters designed with the proposed control circuit can operate at higher frequency than that of non-pipelined but less than that of pipelined. The gain in speed in pipelined compared to that of wavepipelined is at the cost of increased area and more dissipated power. When latency is considered, wavepipelined design filters with the proposed scheme are having the lowest latency among three schemes designed
Web Search using Improved Concept Based Query Refinement
Get PDFThe information extracted from Web pages can be used for effective query expansion. The aspect needed to improve accuracy of web search engines is the inclusion of metadata, not only to analyze Web content, but also to interpret. With the Web of today being unstructured and semantically heterogeneous, keyword-based queries are likely to miss important results. . Using data mining methods, our system derives dependency rules and applies them to concept-based queries. This paper presents a novel approach for query expansion that applies dependence rules mined from a large Web World, combining several existing techniques for data extraction and mining, to integrate the system into COMPACT, our prototype implementation of a concept-based search engine
CLIMATE CHANGE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO RISK FACING SMALL ISLAND STATES
Get PDFClimate change is the burning issue of the current era. Because of the advancement in the technology and accelerated use of fuels have lead to the increasing concentration of the Greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases affect the climate system very badly. The Climate of the Earth varies naturally because of a variety of cosmological and geological processes but Climate change refers to an additional and relatively rapid change induced by human actions. The average temperature of the Earth is increasing very rapidly over the past 30 years and because of that the snow is melting on the glaciers and the sea water level is increasing gradually rapidly and as a result of that many temperature sensitive systems / processes have been disturbed and changed over the past two decades. The additional change of several degree centigrade (oC) with in a century will disrupt the foundations of life on Earth
A Suggestive Diagnostic Technique For Early Identification Of Acyanotic Heart Disorders From Infant’s Cry
Get PDFCongenital Heart Defects (CHD) are the critical heart disorders that can be observed at the birth stage of the infants. These are classified mainly into two, Cyanotic and Acyanotic. The present paper concentrates on the Acyanotic heart disorders. Acyanotic heart disorder cannot be observed on external checkup, whereas bluish skin is the indication for the infant affected with Cyanotic disorder. Acyanotic heart disorder can only be diagnosed using chest X-Ray, ECG, Echocardiogram, Cardiac Catheterization and MRI of the Heart. The present work aims at estimating the fundamental frequency (pitch) and the vocal tract resonant frequencies (formants) from the cry signal of the infants. The pitch frequency and formant frequencies are estimated using frequency domain (Cepstrum) and Linear Prediction Code (LPC) methods. The results show that the fundamental frequency of the cry signal was between 600Hz-800Hz for the infants with Acyanotic heart disorders. This fundamental frequency helps in identifying Acyanotic heart disorders at an early stage
Analysis of Dissipated Power Caused by Lubrication in Ringless Reciprocating Systems
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper was to evaluate the electromotor input power loss caused by oil viscosity between piston and cylinder in reciprocating systems such as compressors, presses and pumps with crank and slider driver without oil ring or ringless pistons. Using the numerical and analytical approaches respectively for nonlinear and linear oil velocity profiles assumed between piston and cylinder, dissipated power caused by oil viscosity was calculated and results of these two approaches were compared to validate finite difference results. Finally, the effect of vertical or horizontal position of piston and cylinder were compared in the case of nonlinear oil velocity profile for different applications
Fault Detection (Condition Monitoring) of Induction Motor based on Wavelet Transform
Get PDF- Presently, many condition monitoring techniques that are based on steady-state analysis are being applied to Induction motor. However, the operation of induction motor is predominantly transient, therefore prompting the development of non-stationary techniques for fault detection. In this paper we apply steady-state techniques e.g. Motor Current Signatures Analysis (MCSA) and the Extended Park’s Vector Approach (EPVA), as well as a new transient technique that is a combination of the EPVA, the Discrete Wavelet Transform and statistics, to the detection of turn faults in a induction motor. It will be shown that steady-state techniques are not effective when applied to induction motor operating under transien
Standardized Biometric Templates in Indian Scenario: Interoperability Issues and Solutions
Get PDFThe compelling need for establishing the identity of a person is becoming critical in our vastly interconnected society. Biometrics is beginning to gain wide acceptance as a legitimate method for determining an individual’s identity in India. Minutiae features extracted from fingerprint images are widely used for automated fingerprint recognition. The conformance of minutiae templates to standardized data interchange formats and the interoperability of minutiae extraction and comparison subsystems from multiple suppliers are important to prevent proprietary lock-in. Further, just by achieving vendor-neutral fingerprint biometric templates, doesn’t guarantee seamless integration and exchange of information amongst different government agencies in India, viz., Aadhaar-enabled citizen services/applications, Seafarers\u27 Identity Cards (ILO-SID) of DG Shipping, State-police AFISs (Automated Fingerprint Identification Systems) etc. One of the key reasons to this interoperability issue is the existence of multiple international standards for generation of minutiae-based fingerprint templates, which are primarily not interoperable. This paper focuses on conformance and interoperability issues that are likely to arise at the time of integration of such virtually isolated govt. agencies, specifically, in applications like, conducting nation-wide criminal background checks, de-duplication of data, etc. The paper further proposes viable solutions to address these issues
Poly (PEGDMA-MAA) copolymeric micro and nanoparticles for oral insulin delivery : A molecular mechanistic revisit
Get PDFPoly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) and methacrylic acid (MAA) based micro and nanoparticles were prepared for oral insulin delivery. The reactional profiles of MAA, PEGDMA and PEGDMA-MAA were elucidated using molecular mechanics energy relationships (MMER) in vacuum and in a solvated system by exploring the spatial disposition of different concentrations of polymers with respect to each other. Furthermore, the incorporation of insulin within the polymeric matrix was modeled using connolly molecular surfaces. The computational results corroborated with the experimental and analytical data. The ability to effectively control blood glucose level coupled with the non toxic behavior of the nanoparticles renders them a potential candidate for insulin deliver