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Some Target Coverage Issues of Wireless Sensor Network
Get PDFWireless Sensor Network is an emerging field that is achieving much importance due to its immense contribution in varieties of target specific applications. One of the active issues is Target Coverage that deals with the coverage of a specific set of targets. Static sensor nodes are being deployed in a random manner to monitor the required targets and collect as much information as possible. In this Paper we have presented an overview of WSN and some of the strategies of the Target Coverage Problem
Network Reconfiguration for Electrical Loss Minimization
Get PDFIncreasing requirements of urbanization, industrialization and modernization demands further expansion and development of the national power grid and nonetheless, with a better efficiency and an enhanced voltage stability. The aim of this project is to conceptualize and realize an electric transmission and distribution network with improved efficiency and voltage stability that will contribute to the substantial reduction in the involved operational costs. Network Reconfiguration Methodology has been used. The study of this work was conducted on IEEE 14 bus network with Matlab tool using Newton-Raphson Method. The study also deals with how this technique can practically be implemented using Artificial Neural Network and sensors
Hardware Circuit Implementation of Automatic Control of Static Var Compensator (SVC) using Micro Controller
Get PDFThe design, Fabrication of 1Kvar 1-phase fixed capacitor-thyristor controlled reactor (FC-TCR) type SVC based on microcontroller have been developed in the laboratory for SMSL(Single Machine Single Load) Test System. The test system is setup in the laboratory with a 3-phase Synchronous Machine of 5kva capacity and a 1-phase Induction Motor of 1HP Rating. Brake test have been performed on the Induction Motor by taking the supply from one of the phases of Synchronous Generator. The bus voltage is fall down from 230 V to 195 V on Full Load. Automatic control circuit Hardware of this SVC have been designed and fabricated based on Microcontroller LPC 2148 chip, the most modern industrial controller. The same test system also has been tested with SVC automatic control circuit and experimental results have been presented in this paper. The P-V Curves of the SMSL Test system with and without SVC Control have been plotted which shows the effectiveness of Automatic control of SVC on Voltage Stability enhancement
A VLSI Approach for Cache Compression in Microprocessor
Get PDFSpeed is one of the important issues that generally customers consider for selecting any electronic component in the market. Speed of a microprocessor based system mainly depends on the speed of the microprocessor which in turn depends on the memory access time. Accessing on chip memory takes more time than accessing off-chip memory. Because of these, designers of memory system may find cache compression as an advantageous method to increase speed of a microprocessor based system, as it increases cache capacity and off-chip bandwidth. The However, most past work, and all work on cache compression, has made unsubstantiated assumptions about the performance, power consumption, and area overheads of the proposed compression algorithms and hardware. It is not possible to determine whether compression at levels of the memory hierarchy closest to the processor is beneficial without understanding its costs. Proposed hardware compression algorithms fall into the dictionary-based category, which depend on building a dictionary and using its entries to encode repeated data values. Proposed algorithm has number of novel features like including combining pairs of compressed lines into one cache line and allowing parallel compression of multiple words while using a single dictionary and without degradation in compression ratio
Novel Design of VCO with Output Peak to Peak Control
Get PDFVoltage controlled oscillator is widely used in many electronics devices. It is used to generate the signals for broadcast by radio and television transmitters, clock signals that regulate computers and quartz clocks, and the sounds produced by electronic beepers and video games. In this paper we propose a novel way to modify the existing VCO and provide an enhancement to control the output voltage level which can be used in any application of varying required voltage level. The simulation is done using tanner using 250nm dimension
Authentication and Centralized Control of Electrical Devices Using Zigbee Protocol
Get PDFIn buildings, lighting accounts for more total energy cost, reducing this energy consumption is a major goal of this project. Energy reduction comes from turning off lights when they are not needed, optimizing light levels to suit worker needs. Through the use of modern enterprise-class wireless networking technology, the difficulty of control wiring is eliminated. In this project, the analysis, design and implementation of an intelligent office room whose two main components are realized using two emergent wireless technologies, namely, wireless sensor networks (ZigBee) and Radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags. The combination of these two technologies produces a powerful and versatile solution that can offer automated access control to an office room as well as the monitoring of entry or exit of an employee and also to perform automated job as described in the profile
A COMPARISON OF MULTI-LOOP PI/PID CONTROLLER DESIGN WITH REDUCTION AND WITHOUT REDUCTION TECHNIQUE
Get PDFProportional, Integral and Derivative (PID) controller are most widely used controller in chemical process industries because of their simplicity, robustness and successful practical application. Many methods have been proposed for design of Multi-loop PI/PID controller for Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) process. In this paper we have compared two methods for two by two processes with time delays. One is model order reduction and other is without reduction. Performance index and robustness has been used as the criterion for comparison. Several commonly used simulation examples are included for demonstrating effectiveness of the proposed methods and the results obtained are comparatively same
REAL TIME HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM OF REMOTE PATIENT USING ARM7
Get PDFCare of critically ill patient, requires spontaneous & accurate decisions so that life-protecting & lifesaving therapy can be properly applied. Statistics reveal that every minute a human is losing his/her life across the globe. More close in India, everyday many lives are affected by heart attacks and more importantly because the patients did not get timely and proper help .This paper is based on monitoring of remote patients, after he is discharged from hospital. I have designed and developed a reliable, energy efficient remote patient monitoring system. It is able to send parameters of patient in real time. It enables the doctors to monitor patient’s parameters (temp, heartbeat, ECG) in real time. Here the parameters of patient are measured continuously (temp, heartbeat, ECG) and wirelessly transmitted using Zigbee
A Proposed Watermarking Technique in Transform Domain
Get PDFSecurity of images is a major concern area as digital images are available all over world wide web. Many watermarking techniques have been developed to protect images from illegal manipulations. In this paper , we propose a watermarking technique for gray scale images in transform domain using DCT and DWT. The proposed technique was compared with other techniques and it has shown higher robustness against attacks
CONSTANT TIME SCANNING AND BETTER EDGE PRESERVATION FOR BETTER PERFORMING AND QUALITY OF MEDIAN FILTER
Get PDFThe median filter is an important filter in many image processing algorithms and especially in removal of salt and pepper noise. Traditional median filters either focus on improving the performance or the quality of the median filtering. Generally, the methods which optimize performance do so at the cost of quality and vice-versa. In this paper a novel approach to median filtering is presented providing both better performance and quality without sacrificing either. The analysis is presented with respect to image processing and the results obtained are presented in tabular form