Publikationsserver der Fachhochschule des BFI Wien
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Working paper series by the University of Applied Sciences bfi Vienna / Europäische Demokratie : der (Unions-)Begriff der Demokratie als Inbegriff der menschengerechten Rechtsstaatlichkeit
No full textHans Kelsen hat vor rund einem Jahrhundert das Wesen und den Wert der Demokratie im Spiegel ihrer Ideologie und ihrer Realität zu ergründen gesucht. Harun Pacic führt aus Anlass des 100. Jahrestages der Abhandlung: Vom Wesen und Wert der Demokratie (1920) an den Begriff einer Demokratie heran, der sich uns in der Charta der Grundrechte der EU zeigt.About a century ago, Hans Kelsen sought to fathom the nature and value of democracy as reflected in its ideology and in reality. On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the treatise Vom Wesen und Wert der Demokratie [The Nature and Value of Democracy] (1920), Harun Pacic introduces us to the concept of democracy, which is reflected in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union
Quantitative validation of credit scoring models
No full textRating models are often developed using a statistical scoring model, e.g. the logistic regression to estimate the default of probabilities of an obligor segment. Regulators specify that banks must validate their risk model at least one per year. The validation of risk model is divided into a qualitative and quantitative part. The quantitative validation is examined by using common statistical tests which underlie crucial assumptions. The validation methods are applied on a rating model using a testing sample of a retail portfolio. Aim of the thesis is to discuss different statistical validation techniques and outline their assumptions and pitfalls.Masterarbeit Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien 201
"Brain Drain" : eine kritische Analyse über die Dynamik der Abwanderung von hoch qualifizierten Fachkräften aus Entwicklungsländern
No full textAgainst the background of globalization, "brain drain" is a widespread phenomenon in many countries of the world. For a variety of reasons highly skilled workers emigrate from developing countries to highly developed industrialized countries. In the process, this phenomenon inevitably exerts various and profound influences, both on the countries of origin and on the destination countries. The substantive topic of this research refers to the brain drain of highly qualified workers from developing countries. The aim of this research is to identify the causes as well as the effects of a highly skilled migration. On the one hand to destination countries and on the other hand to the developing countries, which are considered in this research as countries of origin of highly qualified migration. At the core of this theoretical discussion are the migration theory approaches, which try to explain migration and its causes. Today's migration decisions cannot be adequately explained by terms such as "poverty" or "wage differentials". The seemingly trivial question of why people emigrate and what makes a country a country of emigration is thus illuminated in this work. The issue of high-skilled migration, as well as the aim of this work, relates to the role of the causes of migration and their implications for both target and developing countries. Various approaches to migration research are used to obtain a general picture of the actual causes of migration. Furthermore, this research examines the most controversial effects of developing countries in the literature. The main theses of this research work are designed as a construct, for reasons of migration theory, as well as the concrete advantages and disadvantages of highly qualified migration.Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien, Masterarb., 201
Influence of Talent Management on employee retention in the Austrian banking industry
No full textThe master thesis at hand aims to investigate applied talent management strate-gies and their influence on talent’s retention. Moreover, the challenges, HR is fac-ing, are examined. In order to answer the research questions, theoretical literature on talent management and employee retention is investigated, before empirically testing the theoretical findings’ validity for the Austrian banking industry. In the frame of the empirical study, a qualitative design was applied. Six HR experts were interviewed on talent management strategies and practices, which influence talent’s retention, in Austrian banks. The results showed a consistency with the existing academic literature.
Nowadays, the HR experts in the Austrian banking industry struggle with the in-creasingly complex, fast changing business environment. The demographic change leads to an ageing workforce. The “baby boomer” generation will exit the workforce, leaving behind knowledge and succession gaps. At the same time, em-ployees’ retention levels are decreasing, while staff fluctuation rises. The banking crisis, which happened in 2008 is still noticeable in many areas of the businesses, such as the increased regulations from supervisory bodies. Furthermore, the fast pace of technological innovations demands banks to adapt their business and tal-ent management strategies to be sustainable in the future. In order to deal with the mentioned difficulties, while retaining talented employees, the concept of talent management is introduced. Common challenges in its execution include the lack of top and line management’s commitment. Generally, Austrian banks depict a tendency of using talent management strategies as a basis for succession plan-ning and development activities, while retention is hardly targeted in a direct way. Most Austrian banks apply an exclusive talent management approach, which tar-gets (junior) leaders and sales representatives. Typical retention factors for talents in the banking sectors include an appreciative, cooperative company culture, good relationships to their supervisor and colleagues, interesting tasks and fair, trans-parent remuneration. In the context of the talent management program, value de-velopment practices and advancement opportunities. Furthermore, talents increas-ingly demand options for their compliance of professional and private life.Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien, Masterarb., 201
Kreislaufwirtschaft bei Getränkeverpackungen – aktueller Stand und Verbesserungspotentiale für Österreich
No full textThis work assesses sustainable circular economy practices for beverage packages that could constitute a solution for the Austrian market. The objective of this work is to highlight potential improvements for the Austrian market and to give recommendations on how they could be made. Therefore, three research questions were asked. The first question was, which beverage packages are the most environmentally friendly solutions for the Austrian market. The second question asked, how Austria could make a transition to a circular approach for beverage packaging and which could be options for improvement of the current state. The third question explores, based on a conducted customer survey, the consumer behavior and their knowledge on sustainable practices in the field of beverage packaging.
After an extensive literature research and analysis of the literature, the current state of research was presented and evaluated. It was found that returnable glass bottles are currently the most sustainable solution on the Austrian market. Nevertheless, recent studies have shown that returnable PET bottles from 100% recycled granulate are more environmentally friendly than the reuse of glass bottles. A first step to make the reuse of glass bottles more sustainable could be the usage of standardized glass bottles, but as returnable PET bottles were found to be even more sustainable, an introduction of a system for reusable PET bottles of 100% recycled granulate for the Austrian market is recommended. Furthermore, the introduction of a compulsory deposit system for all disposable PET bottles is recommended, in order to ensure a higher collection and recycling rate of PET bottles. A packaging tax is recommended to guarantee the use of environmentally friendly beverage packaging by customers.
Based on the conducted survey, it was found that some of the interviewees are not well informed about sustainable beverage packaging and therefore it is required to launch an information campaign to inform consumers in that respect.Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien, Masterarb., 201
Wissenschaftlich validierte Faktoren der Arbeitsplatzgestaltung zur Schaffung und Erhaltung der Arbeitsplatzzufriedenheit von Mitarbeiterinnen/Mitarbeitern in Büroräumen im Vergleich zu den Mindestanforderungen der österreichischen Arbeitsstättenverordnung
No full textThe purpose of this master thesis is the analysis of factors that create and maintain workplace satisfaction among employees in offices. These factors are: privacy, background noise, size, design and structure of workplaces, room temperature and communication possibilities. At first, these supporting factors are elaborated on the view of international scientific literature. Afterwards, the frequency of their mentioning is analyzed. Then, the elaborated factors and the minimum requirements for the workplace set by the Austrian workplace regulation are verified. Through this, a possible correspondence between these legal frame conditions concerning the workplace of employees and the findings in the international literature are shown. Finally, a recommendation for an adoption of the legal framework is made.
In this master thesis, a literature review according to Tranfield is used as methodological procedure. Results indicate that the factors background noise, size, design and structure of offices and room temperature are dealt with in the international scientific sources as well as in the Austrian workplace regulation. However, the factors privacy and communication possibilities are absent in the legal frame conditions.
In conclusion, it is recommended to the Austrian workplace regulation to deal with the factors that are missing so far. Furthermore, the other three factors already mentioned in the legal framework should be focused on in more detail to support the creation and maintenance of work satisfaction among employees in offices.Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien, Masterarb., 201
European Banking Authority Stress Testing : an overview of the changes of stress testing and a quantitative analysis of the dependency between non-performing exposure and Common Equity Tier 1 Capital
No full textThe aim of this thesis is to provide an in-depth explanation on how the testing framework of the European Banking Union functions as well as an outline of the existing stress tests. The stress tests performed by the European Banking Union from the years 2011, 2014, 2016 and 2018 will be analyzed and compared to each other to get an overview of what has changed over the years. Furthermore, it will also be outlined whether the situation of the banks has changed, and if so, in which direction.
The empirical analysis will be based on the results of the Erste Group AG stress test of 2018. By analyzing the data of non-performing exposure and the CET1 ratio, it will be investigated whether there is any evident correlation between the two variables in the baseline scenario and the adverse scenario. The hypothesis entails that in the case of the non-performing exposure ratio increasing, the CET1 ratio will decrease.
Results did verifiably show a clear trend for the adverse scenario, however, not for the baseline scenario. Therefore, the results of the research were unable to support this hypothesis.Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien, Masterarb., 201
Der Wandel der tunesischen Zivilgesellschaft im Zuge des demokratischen Transformationsprozesses. Eine hegemonietheoretische Perspektive
No full textThis master thesis deals with the transformation of the Tunisian civil society in the course of the democratic transition process, with regard to a hegemonic theoretical perspective from Antonio Gramsci. The concept of hegemony and intellectuals will serve as the methodological background of this thesis.
The Tunisian Civil society and its importance have changed overtime. Some organizations have their origins in the colonial period, which is why their roles under Bourguiba, the country’s first president, under Ben Ali, his successor and after the revolution vary accordingly. The Gramscian theory will therefore be applied on the different periods and presented according to the circumstances.
Tunisia is facing multiple changes after the Arab Uprisings in 2011, which started after the self-immolation of Mohamed Bouazizi, as a sign of his mistrust in the government. Tunisia serves as the only country in the Arab World that is successfully undergoing a democratic transition. The process is still intact, which is the reason for analysing the region with the help of Gramscis theory.
The purpose of this thesis is to find out which challenges the Tunisian civil society is facing and to analyse the development of the Tunisian political system. Furthermore, the EU plays an important role in the democratic transition, therefore their contribution will be mentioned as well.
Firstly I will give an introduction to Gramsics concepts of hegemony and intellectuals. Then the development of the political system of Tunisia will be presented, followed by an insight into the different periods of Tunisia’s presidents. Subsequently the revolution and its process will be presented. Tunisia’s development after the revolution will be described after. The changes of the civil society will be addressed as well. The methods and concepts of Antonio Gramsci will be applied here. The demonstrations were presented in the national and international media as a revolution of youth. Consequently, this paper also examines the impact of changes in civil society and political landscape, as well as the influence of the EU partnerships on young citizens.
Furthermore the EU’s contribution to Tunisia’s process will be presented. Finally the new roles of economy, religion, hegemony and the effects on the Tunisian society will be discussed in the last chapter.Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien, Masterarb., 201
Angewandte Stufen der Preisdifferenzierung in der Industrieökonomie
No full textThe following master thesis deals with pricing and the different price theories. For this purpose, price theories from different economic flows are considered. This is intended to refute the fact that the pricing of companies is not a random decision depending on their current mood. In addition, the topic of pricing is related to the interaction between the market and the company, which is the purpose of the Industrial Economics analysis. In such an interaction it is also important to look at the way companies deal with their competitors in the market. Therefore, the different price theories, the importance of market power for pricing according the different market forms as well as business practice are the focus of this thesis.
During this thesis different pricing strategies are discussed and their applications are elaborated. During the discussion of the micro economical basis the heterodox and mainstream approach two pricing strategies are highlighted. The mark-up pricing where a certain markup is added to the unit costs/average costs and the normal cost pricing which is based on the full cost principle. After this the role of the government in the sphere of pricing is shown.
After this basic discussion the importance of market power is shown via the three concepts of the monopoly, the polypoly and the oligopoly.
The pricing strategies on the market are discussed dually, first in the sphere of classical economics and then in the sphere of business administration.Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien, Masterarb., 201
Nutzung einer multisensualen Atmosphäre zur Attraktivierung von Verkaufsräumen des stationären Einzelhandels in Hinblick auf die wachsende Online-Konkurrenz am Beispiel der Textilbranche in Österreich
No full textThe technology evolving around the Internet enables various possibilities for both, customers and retailers. Consumers are increasingly using smartphones, tablets, laptops and many other capable online devices to comfortably buy goods via homepages on the network. However, this so-called e-commerce suppresses weak physical retailer stores who cannot adapt, nor compete with the convenient and fast-growing technology. Currently 4,16 billion people are using the Internet worldwide, with the DACH-region (Germany, Austria, Switzerland) comprising of already 84 mil-lion users. The e-commerce already encompasses 10 % of the worldwide retailer revenues and is forecasted to grow beyond this number.
Therefore, common physical stores lose revenues year by year and are compelled to adapt in order to attract new customers or even keep the old ones. In Austria this challenge is especially concerning regional physical clothing stores as already 25 % of the expenditures in e-commerce among Austrian customers can be attributed to buying clothes online.
Hence, this scientific paper establishes a basic knowledge on the common retail marketing implications and focuses on improving the salesroom appearance through sensory elements in order to establish an atmospherical surrounding for the customers.
Furthermore, the study tries to find gender-specific differences in attraction towards sensory elements in order to establish practical implications for the stationary clothing stores in Austria.
Empirical findings suggest that the sensory experience can add a value to the shop-per and creates an USP compared to e-commerce stores. Both, male and female are responsive to sensory elements and are experience-oriented. No significant relationship could be traced between sex and attraction towards sensory elements in the salesroom.Wien, Fachhochschule des BFI Wien, Masterarb., 201