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TINJAUAN YURIDIS DISKRIMINASI ADMINISTRATIF DAN MALADMINISTRASI DALAM PENGATURAN TUNJANGAN HARI RAYA BAGI PERANGKAT DESA DI INDONESIA
No full textTunjangan Hari Raya (THR) merupakan salah satu bentuk hak kesejahteraan bagi perangkat desa yang seharusnya dikelola secara adil, transparan, dan sesuai ketentuan hukum. Namun dalam praktiknya, pemberian THR di berbagai desa masih menghadapi persoalan diskriminasi administratif dan maladministrasi yang berdampak pada kepastian hak dan tata kelola pemerintahan desa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk-bentuk diskriminasi administratif dan maladministrasi dalam pengaturan THR bagi perangkat desa, serta menilai kesesuaiannya dengan kerangka hukum positif dan asas-asas umum pemerintahan yang baik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan komparatif secara terbatas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan perlakuan dalam besaran, mekanisme, dan waktu pemberian THR tanpa dasar hukum yang jelas, yang mengarah pada diskriminasi administratif. Selain itu, ditemukan berbagai bentuk maladministrasi seperti keterlambatan pembayaran, ketidakjelasan prosedur, serta penetapan tunjangan secara sepihak. Praktik-praktik tersebut bertentangan dengan asas kepastian hukum, kesetaraan, transparansi, dan akuntabilitas. Kondisi ini berdampak negatif terhadap motivasi kerja perangkat desa, kepercayaan publik, dan stabilitas kelembagaan desa. Penelitian ini menegaskan perlunya harmonisasi regulasi, peningkatan transparansi anggaran, serta penguatan mekanisme pengawasan untuk memastikan pengelolaan THR yang lebih adil dan akuntabel.
Kata Kunci: Diskriminasi Administratif; Maladministrasi; Tunjangan Hari Raya; Perangkat Desa; Tata Kelola Pemerintahan
Analisis Proyek Fabrikasi Truss Frame menggunakan Metode Critical Path Method (CPM) dan Project Evaluation Review Technique (PERT) di PT PQR
No full textThe construction industry continues to grow rapidly, making quality and punctuality essential in completing projects on time. Effective time management plays a key role in minimizing delays. This study focuses on a Truss Frame fabrication project at PT PQR, which was initially planned for 26 working days but ultimately required 326 working hours due to early delays. While the project still met the client\u27s deadline, the delay posed a risk to other company projects. To optimize scheduling, the study applied the Critical Path Method (CPM) and Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT). The analysis showed that CPM reduced the project duration to 314 hours, whereas PERT resulted in 319 hours with a 79% success probability. Compared to the actual 326-hour duration, CPM provided a 12-hour time reduction, making it the more efficient method. The project’s critical path was A-B-D-E-F-G-H-I-J, with activity C (Cutting Plan) requiring completion before the 88th hour. These findings highlight CPM’s effectiveness in optimizing Truss Frame project scheduling at PT PQR.
Keywords: CPM, Construction Project, PERT, Project Managemen
Peramalan Permintaan Karton Box dengan Pendekatan Moving Average dan Regresi Linear: Kasus PT PDPPM
No full textDemand for carton boxes is a critical aspect of the industrial supply chain, particularly in ensuring the smooth flow of production and distribution processes at PT PDPPM. Inaccuracies in forecasting carton box demand have led to several issues, such as excess inventory or packaging material shortages, which disrupt operations and increase storage costs. This study aims to forecast the demand for cardboard boxes at PT PDPPM using two analytical approaches: Moving Average and Linear Regression. Moving Average is applied to identify demand patterns by smoothing fluctuations in historical data, while Linear Regression is used to analyze the relationship between independent variables that influence demand. The results of this study indicate that the Moving Average approach provides stable predictions and tends to be more suitable for data with seasonal patterns, whereas Linear Regression offers additional insights into the influence of external factors on demand. The evaluation was conducted quantitatively using statistical indicators such as Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD), Mean Squared Error (MSE), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), where the Linear Regression method demonstrated the lowest error rate. The combination of these two methods is expected to provide a more accurate forecasting outlook, beneficial for production planning and inventory management at PT PDPPM.
Keywords: Forecasting, Moving Average, Regresi Linea
Perbandingan Metode Branch and Bound dan Metode Cheapest Insertion Heuristics dalam Penyelesaian Travelling Salesman Problem
No full textThis study aims to compare the efficiency of the Branch and Bound (B&B) and Cheapest Insertion Heuristics (CIH) methods in solving the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) for optimizing delivery routes at PT BT. The study was conducted to determine the shortest delivery route, which has implications for fuel cost savings. Primary data in the form of delivery routes to five customer locations were analyzed using manual calculations and validated using the WinQSB software. The results show that the B&B method produces a route with a total distance of 114.6 km and fuel cost savings of 13.444% compared to the original route, while the CIH method provides a distance of 114.8 km with savings of 13.293%. Although both methods show almost similar results, the B&B method is superior in minimizing distance and costs. This study provides recommendations for PT BT to implement the B&B method as an optimal solution in distribution management, in order to improve operational efficiency and customer satisfaction.
Keywords: Branch and Bound; Cheapest Insertion Heuristics; Cost Savings; Route Optimization; Traveling Salesman Problem
Analisis Pengendalian Kualitas Produk Cacat Menggunakan Metode Lean Six Sigma dengan Konsep DMAIC di PT. PQR
No full textA high defect rate is a critical issue in the manufacturing industry as it affects efficiency and product quality. PT. PQR still experiences defects in the production of Part Member Sub Assy FR Under RH. This study aims to analyze defect levels, identify dominant defects, and propose improvements using the Lean Six Sigma approach with the DMAIC method. A descriptive quantitative method was employed using secondary production and defect data from June to October 2023. The results show that the dominant defects are Part Gap (79%) and Welding CO Blow Hole (21%). The highest DPMO value is 27,617.6, with the lowest sigma level of 3.417 occurring in July, indicating that the process capability is not yet optimal. The defects are mainly caused by human, material, machine, and environmental factors. It is concluded that Lean Six Sigma with the DMAIC method is effective as a systematic framework to improve quality and reduce defect rates.
Keywords: DMAIC, Manufacturing Industry, Lean Six Sigma, Quality Control, Defective Product
UURGENSI KLAUSUL PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA DALAM PERJANJIAN DAGANG DIGITAL MARKETPLACE DI INDONESIA
No full textMarketplace sebagai bagian dari Perdagangan Melalui Sistem Elektronik (PMSE) membentuk hubungan hukum tripartit antara penjual, pembeli, dan platform sebagai fasilitator transaksi. Dalam praktiknya, klausul penyelesaian sengketa dalam perjanjian dagang digital dituangkan dalam bentuk kontrak baku yang disusun sepihak oleh platform dan memprioritaskan mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa secara internal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakter hukum kontrak dagang digital marketplace, model penyelesaian sengketa pada Tokopedia, Shopee, Lazada, dan Blibli, serta urgensi pengaturan klausul penyelesaian sengketa yang adil dalam kontrak digital. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan dokumen melalui analisis terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan serta syarat dan ketentuan penggunaan empat marketplace tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa marketplace bersifat administratif-teknis, privat, dan didominasi oleh kebijakan internal platform, sehingga menimbulkan ketidakseragaman mekanisme antarplatform, pembatasan tanggung jawab, serta penyempitan akses keadilan bagi konsumen. Klausul penyelesaian sengketa tidak lagi bersifat netral, melainkan berpotensi menjadi instrumen pembatasan hak konsumen dalam transaksi digital. Oleh karena itu, klausul penyelesaian sengketa yang adil menjadi urgen untuk direkonstruksi agar menjamin keadilan prosedural, keadilan substantif, serta kepastian hukum bagi para pihak.
Kata Kunci: klausul sengketa, kontrak digital, marketplace, perlindungan konsume
Analisis Penerapan Metode Just in Time (JIT) Sebagai Alternatif Pengendalian Persediaan Bahan Baku di PT. CKA
No full textRaw material inventory control is a very crucial activity because it is done repeatedly. PT. CKA engaged in the fabrication or manufacturing of components for motorcycle and car engines and has not implemented any system or method that can help the process of controlling its raw material inventory. Therefore, in this study, calculations will be carried out regarding raw material inventory control using the Just in Time (JIT) method which aims to determine whether the process of controlling raw material inventory from the most frequently ordered products to PT. CKA, namely SPCC Plate for KYEA Arm Rear Brake products and SPHC-PO Plate for KWBF Arm Rear Brake products at PT. CKA has been effective and efficient so that it can minimize waste in the procurement process of raw materials that can affect the total cost of the raw material inventory. The results of this study show that the total cost of raw material inventory when the Just in Time method is applied has decreased by Rp10.868.938,9 from Rp11.520.165 to Rp651.226,13 with an efficiency percentage of 94% for the total cost of SPCC Plate material inventory. Meanwhile, the total cost of SPHC-PO Plate material inventory also decreased by Rp10.717.408 from Rp11.520.132,5 to Rp802.724,49 with an efficiency percentage of 93%.
Keywords: Efficiency; Inventory Control; Inventory Cost; Just in Time; Raw Material
Optimalisasi Produktivitas Mesin Pencacah Sampah Organik Hasil Modifikasi
No full textSustainable organic waste management is a crucial issue considering the serious negative impact of landfilling. Although organic waste has great potential to be processed into compost or eco-enzymes, small-scale conventional shredders often face obstacles such as low efficiency, monolithic structures, and reliance on the power grid, which hinder adoption at the communal level. This research aims to optimize the productivity of organic waste shredding machines with a capacity of 20 kg/hour through design modifications. The methodology applied is experiment-based Research and Development (R&D). The modifications made include the implementation of a modular design (dismantling) to overcome logistical constraints and the conversion of the drive system from an electric motor to a 6.5 HP gasoline motor to ensure independent operations at the site. Comparative performance evaluation was measured using the Marvin E. Mundel Productivity Model. The test results show a significant improvement in performance. The modified machine achieved a Productivity Index (IP) of 1,579, reflecting an increase in production effectiveness of 57.9%. This increase is also supported by processing time efficiency of 36.7%, reducing the enumeration time of 5 kg of waste to 19 minutes. In conclusion, design modification strategies that focus on adapting energy sources and improving mobility are very effective in producing appropriate technologies that are efficient and ready to be implemented in society.
Keywords: Design Modification, Efficiency, Mundel Method, Productivity, Waste Shredde
PERAN TIMPORA DALAM PENGAWASAN ORANG ASING BERDASARKAN INFORMASI MASYARAKAT DI WILAYAH KERJA KANTOR IMIGRASI
No full textIndonesia sebagai negara yang berdaulat yang dapat mengatur terkait keberadaan maupun kegiatan WNA selama berada di wilayah negara Indonesia yang bertujuan untuk menjaga ketertiban dan keamanan masyarakat, Dalam pelaksanaannya sendiri keimigrasian turut membangun kerjasama dengan masyarakat serta instansi lain terkait upaya pengawasan terhadap WNA yang berada di suatu wilayah dengan melalui TIMPORA Dalam pelaksaan timpora sendiri mengumpulkan informasi terkait kegiatan WNA di suatu wilayah dimana pada Kantor Imigrasi Kelas II Non TPI Agam , dalam pelaksaan TIMPORA ditemukan adanya WNA yang mengangu ketertiban masyarakat di daerah tersebut dengan menyebarkan ajaran yang tidak sesuai dan dapat menyesatkan masyarakat setempat, Dalam hal ini keimigrasian mengambil langkah untuk mengamankan WNA tersebut dan diberikan tindak pendetensian dan deportasi meskipun izin tinggal mereka masih berlaku, maka dari itu imigrasi perlu adanya melakukan pengawasan secara luas serta turut berkoordinasi dengan masyarakat maupun instansi lain yang bertujuan untuk mencegah aktivitas yang dilakukan oleh WNA yang dapat mengganggu stabilitas sosial dan keagamaan.
Kata Kunci : TIMPORA , Pengawasan , Imigras
Evaluation of High-Frequency Welding Machine Maintenance Schedule Using a Probabilistic Approach
No full textThis study evaluates an actual maintenance schedule in a steel pipe manufacturer in Indonesia, particularly in its welding process. In the December 2023-January 2024 period, there was a breakdown time of 36.8 hours on high-frequency welding machines, which indicates low reliability. This company adopts Corrective Maintenance (CM), which leads to frequent downtime due to the lack of preventive action. Therefore, this study aims to determine the optimal maintenance of high-frequency welding machines at a minimum cost. The corresponding machine has 638.4 hours of Mean Time To Failure (MTTF). This result corresponds to the Weibull distribution probabilistic model, where a potential failure above 50% occurs within t > 600 hours. This pattern clearly shows that the manufacturer should establish an optimal maintenance schedule around the MTTF. According to the result, the optimal maintenance policy is the Periodic Replacement Policy. This policy encourages the manufacturer to conduct preventive maintenance every 645 hours. The minimum expected maintenance cost rate has also been obtained through this policy, which is IDR 21,516.00.
Keywords: Maintenance, Mean time to failure (MTTF), Repairable System, Repair Policy, Weibull Distributio