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Holistic Care for Reducing Pain Intensity among Individual with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Literature Review
Get PDFIntroduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder marked by persistent joint inflammation that causes pain, stiffness, and impaired mobility. While pharmacological treatment helps manage symptoms, some patients experience side effects or inadequate pain control. Therefore, holistic approaches involving psychological, lifestyle, and physical therapies are increasingly considered to support overall well-being and complement medical management.
Objective: This systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness of holistic interventions in reducing pain intensity among individuals with RA.
Method: A systematic search of six databases PubMed, ProQuest, Garuda, JSTOR, ScienceDirect, and Wiley was conducted for studies published between 2020 and 2024. Eligible studies included RA patients whose pain intensity was measured using validated tools such as the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), or McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ). Two independent reviewers performed study selection and data extraction, while quality assessment followed PRISMA guidelines and the CASP Checklist.
Results: Eleven studies comprising 607 participants met the inclusion criteria. The findings showed that holistic interventions including warm ginger compresses, Swedish massage, hand and foot massage, lavender aromatherapy, eucalyptus inhalation, Reiki therapy, and combined ginger compress with rheumatic exercise, were effective in reducing pain intensity in RA patients. Most studies reported significant improvements, with warm ginger compress being the most consistently effective method across various settings.
Conclusion: Holistic approaches demonstrate meaningful benefits in reducing pain and supporting comfort in individuals with RA, particularly among older adults. Consistent application and appropriate duration of therapy enhance effectiveness. Overall, holistic care serves as a valuable complementary strategy that promotes patient-centered pain management and improves quality of life
Factors Associated with Nurses’ Performance at Mitra Medika General Hospital Pangkalpinang
Get PDFIntroduction: Hospitals are complex healthcare organizations where leadership and work motivation play crucial roles in influencing nurse performance and the overall quality of healthcare services.
Objective: Nurses' performance is one of the key indicators in determining the quality of health services in hospitals. Optimal performance is influenced by several factors, including leadership style, work motivation, and work environment. This study aims to determine the relationship between leadership style, work motivation, and work environment with nurses’ performance at Mitra Medika General Hospital Pangkalpinang in 2025.
Method: This research used an analytical quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 50 respondents selected using total sampling technique. The research instrument was a questionnaire, and data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test.
Result: The results of the study indicate that there is no significant relationship between leadership style, work motivation, and work environment with nurses' performance at Mitra Medika General Hospital Pangkalpinang in 2025. The significance values for each variable are p = 0.603 for both leadership style, p = 0,323 for work motivation, and p = 0.953 for work environment, all of which exceed the 0.05 threshold. The conclusion of this study is that leadership style, work motivation, and work environment do not have a significant relationship with nurses' performance.
Conclusion: The results of this study are expected to serve as a consideration for future researchers to develop further studies with broader variables and a qualitative approach, for educational institutions to utilize the findings as applied learning material, and for healthcare institutions to pay attention to leadership style, work motivation, and work environment in order to support the improvement of nurses' performance
Postural Drainage Intervention in Reducing Dyspnea among Bronchial Asthma Patients at Maccini Sawah Public Health Center
Get PDFIntroduction: Bronchial asthma is a chronic respiratory condition marked by airway inflammation, mucus hypersecretion, and bronchial spasms, resulting in dyspnea and decreased respiratory efficiency. Postural drainage, a form of chest physiotherapy, has been suggested as a nonpharmacological intervention to enhance mucus clearance and reduce respiratory distress.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of postural drainage therapy in reducing dyspnea among patients with bronchial asthma at the Maccini Sawah Public Health Center.
Method: A descriptive case study design was employed, involving two asthma patients observed over three consecutive days. Postural drainage was implemented using three different positions across three sessions per participant. Data were collected through observation using the Medical Research Council (MRC) Dyspnea Scale, interviews, and documentation. The effect of the intervention was evaluated by comparing pre- and post-intervention dyspnea levels.
Result: Both participants demonstrated a consistent reduction in dyspnea levels following the intervention. On the first day, each respondent exhibited moderate shortness of breath (MRC score: 2), which progressively improved by the third day to a score of 0, indicating no dyspnea. Improvements were also reflected in vital signs, including reduced respiratory rate and more stable pulse. The intervention was well tolerated, and participants reported subjective relief in breathing.
Conclusion: Postural drainage is a safe, effective, and easily administered intervention that significantly reduces dyspnea in bronchial asthma patients. It holds promise as a supportive therapy for asthma management and should be considered in clinical practice, especially in community healthcare settings
Association Between Infection History and Complex Nutrition Intake with Wasting Incidence in Toddlers
Get PDFBackground: Wasting in toddlers is a form of acute malnutrition characterized by rapid weight loss and low weight-for-height z-scores, which can severely impact physical growth and cognitive development. Factors such as a history of infection and inappropriate complementary feeding practices have been identified as potential contributors.
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between infection history and the provision of complementary feeding (MPASI) with the incidence of wasting among toddlers aged 2–5 years in the working area of Sidomulyo Health Center, Samarinda.
Method: A cross-sectional study with a quantitative correlational approach was conducted. A total of 168 toddlers were selected using stratified random sampling. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and anthropometric measurements, and analyzed using the Chi-Square test.
Results: The results showed that 25.6% of the toddlers experienced wasting. Toddlers with a history of infection were found to be at significantly higher risk, with an odds ratio (OR) of 13.85 (p = 0.000). Additionally, toddlers who received complementary feeding before the age of 6 months were 8.9 times more likely to experience wasting (p = 0.000; OR = 8.9). Both variables showed a statistically significant association with the incidence of wasting.
Conclusion: The study found a significant relationship between infection history and complementary feeding practices with the incidence of wasting among toddlers. Strengthening maternal education, timely feeding, and infection prevention is essential to reduce the risk of wasting in early childhood
Implementation of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Patients with Cardiac Arrest
Get PDFIntroduction: One of the emergency conditions that can occur anywhere and anytime, is life-threatening, and requires immediate treatment is cardiac arrest. Cardiac arrest is a clinical condition in which circulation stops suddenly, characterized by unconsciousness, respiratory arrest, and the absence of a palpable pulse in the large arteries.
Objective: This case study aims to descriptively explore the implementation of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) in patients experiencing cardiac arrest.
Method: The study was conducted at RS Bhayangkara Makassar, South Sulawesi, on June 24, 2024. Data were collected through direct observation using an observation sheet, focusing on the CPR procedure performed by the medical team. The observation included the sequence of actions, response times, and outcomes of the CPR process. Data were presented in tables and narratives, with strict confidentiality maintained by anonymizing patient information..
Results: Prior to the administration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), patient Mr. A experienced a decrease in consciousness with a GCS score of 4, sudden respiratory arrest, and cardiac arrest. After CPR was performed, Mr. A was declared deceased, with a success rate of CPR at 0%.
Conclusion: Before CPR was performed, there were signs of decreased consciousness, an absent pulse, and no breathing. After the intervention, the patient was declared deceased
Correlation Between Spirituality Levels and Self-Esteem Among First-Year Students in Health Science Programs
Get PDFIntroduction: Spirituality is one of the important aspects in human life that can affect various psychological aspects, including self-esteem. New students often face adaptation challenges that can affect their self-esteem. Understanding the relationship between the level of spirituality and self-esteem is important to support student well-being, especially in the Health Study Program of the University of Muhammadiyah East Kalimantan.
Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of spirituality and self-esteem of new students in the Health Study Program, Muhammadiyah University of East Kalimantan.
Research Method: This study used a cross-sectional design. Measurement of spirituality levels was carried out using the Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES) which has been adapted into Indonesian, while self-esteem was measured using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). The research sample of 271 new students was selected using the stratified random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using the Spearman test to determine the relationship between the two variables.
Results: The results of the study showed that out of 271 respondents, high spirituality levels were found in 59% of respondents, moderate in 40.2%, and low in 0.7%. Meanwhile, high self-esteem was found in 60.5% of respondents, moderate in 39.1%, and low in 0.4%. Statistical tests showed a p value = 0.000 (<0.05), which means there is a significant relationship between spirituality levels and self-esteem. The Spearman correlation value of 0.878 indicates a positive relationship with a very strong correlation strength.
Conclusion: There is a significant positive relationship between the level of spirituality and self-esteem of new students in the Health Study Program, Muhammadiyah University of East Kalimantan. This result indicates that increasing spirituality can contribute to increasing students' self-esteem
Factors Associated with Stroke Incidence at Advent Hospital Bandar Lampung
Get PDFIntroduction: Stroke is a serious neurovascular condition caused by impaired cerebral blood flow, resulting in neurological deficits and potentially permanent disability or death. Modifiable risk factors such as body mass index (BMI), diabetes mellitus, and hypertension have been shown to significantly influence stroke incidence.
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between BMI, blood glucose levels, and hypertension with stroke incidence at Adventist Hospital Bandar Lampung.
Method: A quantitative, cross-sectional study design was used, involving stroke patients selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected through medical record review and analyzed using the Chi-square test with a predetermined level of significance.
Results: The findings revealed significant associations between BMI, diabetes status, and hypertension with stroke type. Individuals with normal BMI were more likely to experience non-hemorrhagic stroke, while those with abnormal BMI had a higher tendency toward hemorrhagic stroke. Patients with elevated blood glucose levels were more frequently diagnosed with non-hemorrhagic stroke. Similarly, individuals with hypertension showed a stronger tendency toward non-hemorrhagic stroke compared to those with normal blood pressure.
Conclusion: BMI, blood glucose levels, and hypertension are significantly related to the type and occurrence of stroke. These results underline the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle by regulating weight, managing blood sugar, and controlling blood pressure. Strengthening health education and preventive strategies through hospital-based media can help reduce stroke risk. Further research is encouraged to explore other contributing factors and to enhance clinical practices in stroke prevention and management
Factors Associated with Nurses' Job Satisfaction in the Implementation of the Team Assignment Method
Get PDFIntroduction: The implementation of team-based nursing assignments is increasingly recognized as a crucial factor influencing nurses' job satisfaction. However, the effectiveness of this method in enhancing job satisfaction remains insufficiently explored, especially in Indonesian hospital settings.
Objective: This study aimed to identify the factors related to nurses' job satisfaction in relation to the application of the team assignment method at Bhayangkara Hospital, Bandar Lampung in 2025.
Method: This quantitative research employed a cross-sectional design involving 55 nurses selected using purposive sampling. The population included all inpatient nurses, with sample distribution determined using stratified random sampling. Data were analyzed using statistical tests to examine the association between job satisfaction factors (responsibility, working conditions, coworker relations, and task assignment) and the implementation of the team method.
Results: The findings showed significant relationships between the team assignment method and all measured aspects of job satisfaction. Nurses with good responsibility, favorable working conditions, positive coworker relations, and clear task assignments were more likely to report higher job satisfaction. All variables showed statistically significant p-values (p < 0.05), with odds ratios indicating strong associations, particularly between working conditions and satisfaction.
Conclusion: The study concludes that the team assignment method has a substantial influence on nurses’ job satisfaction. Effective implementation of this method—through improved supervision, fair task distribution, and supportive working environments—can enhance both nurse well-being and care quality
The Effectiveness of Ergonomic Exercises on Joint Pain Severity among the Elderly
Get PDFIntroduction: Joint pain is a prevalent health issue among the elderly, often impairing mobility and quality of life. Non-pharmacological interventions such as ergonomic exercises have gained attention for their safety, accessibility, and potential effectiveness in reducing pain.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ergonomic exercise on joint pain intensity among elderly residents at UPTD PSLU Tresna Werdha Natar, South Lampung, in 2025.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a one-group pre-test and post-test design was conducted. A total of 36 elderly participants aged 60 years and above were recruited using total sampling. Joint pain was assessed using a standardized numerical rating scale ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst possible pain). Participants engaged in a structured ergonomic exercise program. Pre- and post-intervention pain scores were analyzed using the paired t-test in SPSS.
Results: The mean joint pain score prior to the intervention was 2.81 (SD = 0.53), which significantly decreased to 2.08 (SD = 0.50) following the ergonomic exercise program. Statistical analysis showed a significant reduction in pain scores (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Ergonomic exercises demonstrated a significant effect in reducing joint pain among elderly residents. These findings support the integration of ergonomic exercise routines into daily care practices in nursing home settings to enhance elderly well-being and functional independence
The Relationship Between Parental Knowledge, Parenting Style, and Nutritional Status with Cognitive Development in Children Aged 4–6 Years
Get PDFIntroduction: Early childhood is a critical period for cognitive growth, where development is strongly influenced by environmental and parental factors. Parents’ knowledge, parenting patterns, and nutritional status play a major role in shaping children’s cognitive abilities during this stage.
Objective: Child growth and development encompass two aspects: growth and development. This growth is seen through increases in size and weight, such as height and weight gain. Development is defined as a progressive series of regular changes, focusing more on psychological and intellectual development. Children's cognitive development is part of the growth and development process. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge, parenting patterns, and nutritional status with cognitive development in early childhood aged 4-6 years at Cahaya Mulia PAUD, Pebuar Village, West Bangka Regency in 2025.
Method: This research method was carried out using Cross Sectional and Chi Square test with the results in the form of univariate analysis and bivariate analysis. The population in this study were students at PAUD Cahaya Mulia, Pebuar village, Jebus district in 2024. The sample of this study was all students totaling 30 respondents.
Result: The results of the study showed that there was a relationship between knowledge (ρ = 0.002), parenting patterns (ρ = 0.029) and nutritional status (ρ = 0.018) with the cognitive development of children at PAUD Cahaya Mulia, Pebuar village, Jebus district in 2025
Conclusion: The conclusion is that cognitive development is influenced by various factors including knowledge, parenting patterns, and nutritional status. Each factor has a significant relationship