Jurnal Online Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum (UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya)
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METODE IJTIHAD MAJELIS TARJIH DAN TAJDID MUHAMMADIYAH DAN LEMBAGA BAHTSUL MASAIL NAHDLATUL ULAMA MENGENAI HUKUM ABORSI
No full textAbstract: The contemporary technology certainly influences on the response of Islamic law in determining the legal status. This research is in response to the question of technological development in the field of medicine, especially on abortion. The main issue to be discussed in this research is about the methodology of ijtihad (legal reasoning) of the Muhammadiyyah’s tarjih and tajdid institution Nahdhatul Ulama’s (Muslim Scholar Renaissance) bahstul masaail regarding the legal status of abortion. According to Muhammadiyyah’s tarjih and tajdid institution, abortion is absolutely forbidden. Meanwhile, according to Nahdhatul Ulama’s bahstul masaail institution, abortion is also forbidden (unlawful) even though it is resulted from a rape victim. Both of the two institutions view that abortion to the age of four months of pregnancy, namely after the blowing of the spirit of the fetus, is unlawful, except for one thing that required for the safety of the mother. It is because the mother's life is more important than a fetus because it has been early coming into the world. In addition, the protection of soul is an obligatory. The stronger opinion is that if abortion is done after 40 (forty) days, or 42 (forty two) days of gestational age at the beginning of the formation of the fetus, it is unlawful. While abortion whose age has not reached 40 days, then it is permissible and does nothing.Abstrak: Persoalan mengenai tekhnologi kontemporer berimbas pada respon Hukum Islam terhadap status hukumnya. Penelitian ini juga sebagai respon terhadap persoalan perkembangan tekhnologi di bidang kedokteran, terutama mengenai aborsi. Permasalahan yang akan dibahas adalah tentang metode ijtihad yang dipakai majelis tarjih dan tajdid muhammadiyah dan lembaga bahstul masail Nahdlatul Ulama mengenai hukum aborsi. Berdasarkan metode ijtihad yang dilakukan Majelis Tarjih dan Tajdid Muhammadiyah, maka aborsi hukumnya haram secara mutlak. Sedangkan menurut metode ijtihad Lembaga Bahtsul Masail Nahdlatul Ulama, aborsi hukumnya haram akibat hasil korban pemerkosaan. Untuk masalah hukum aborsi jika umur kehamilannya sudah 4 (empat) bulan yaitu setelah peniupan roh pada janin maka Nahdhatul ‘ulama dan Muhammadiyah menetapkan hukum yaitu haram, kecuali karena sesuatu hal yang mengharuskannya demi keselamatan ibu, sebab nyawa ibu lebih utama dari pada janin karena telah lebih awal lahir kedunia dan melindungi jiwa itu wajib hukumnya. pendapat yang raj’ih (kuat) adalah jika aborsi dilakukan setelah 40 (empat puluh) hari, atau 42 (empat puluh dua) hari dari usia kehamilan pada saat permulaan pembentukan janin, maka hukumnya haram. Sedangkan pengguguran kandungan yang usianya belum mencapai 40 hari, maka hukumnya boleh (ja’iz) dan tidak apa-apa
ANALISIS HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP STRATEGI PROMOSI SISTEM PERSUADE PADA PEMBELIAN SEPEDA MOTOR SECARA KREDIT DI UD. YAMAHA RAYA MOJOKERTO
Get PDFIn the current era, the ease of having motorcycle vehicle has can be felt consumers. Proved only by providing a relatively low down payment in the purchase of consumer credit may have a motorcycle they want, even though the credit system of money that they will pay on the installment greatly exceeds the predetermined price. Here not a few practices more direct dealers consumers to buy a motorcycle just to give the option purchases on credit. While the consumer is able to buy a motorcycle in cash. One of them at the dealer UD. Yamaha Raya Mojokerto, have taken advantage of promotional strategies persuade the system to direct and persuade consumers to buy a motorcycle on credit in accordance with the wishes of the marketing dealers. By using this system the dealer to inform and remind consumers about the advantages eight motorcycle purchase on credit regardless of financial ability and willingness of consumers. From these studies if it is associated with a review of Islamic law, a system implemented persuade UD. Yamaha Raya characterized by elements of persuading, encouraging, influencing consumers to buy on credit, show transactions that are prohibited by Islam. Due to what has been done by the dealer marketing, solely in order to obtain greater profits, which are not directly harm consumers
TANGGUNG JAWAB NEGARA DALAM EKONOMI ISLAM (Pemikiran Muhammad Al-Baqir As-Sadr)
Get PDFThis paper of the discussion focuses on the Islamic economics thought of Muhammad al-Baqir al-Sadr, his biography, and his educational background particularly in relation to the concept of Islamic economy. Al-Sadr refuses all kinds of conventional economic theory and suggests that the economic theories are supposed to be explored newly from al-Qur'an and al-hadith. In order not to be bias, this paper is going to focus on al-S}adr’s idea about the responsibility of the state. According to him, the responsibility of the state is divided into three, namely social security, social balance and intervention. These three responsibilities are certainly on the hand of the government to regulate and direct the life of the people. In this case, the head of state is the one who has to guarantee for the balance of social and security welfare of his people. He might also intervene in order to control and regulate the economic condition of the state
Penerapan Peraturan Daerah No 18 Tahun 2004 Tentang Larangan Pelacuran Di Kabupaten Pamekasan
Get PDFAbstract: This paper discusses the Regional Regulation No. 18 Year 2004 on prohibition of prostitution in Pamekasan. In the Regional Regulation No. 18 Year 2004 states that prohibition on prostitution applied for the people of Pamekasan entirely without any exceptions, both of the people of Pamekasan and outside of Pamekasan. In addition, such a criminal offense related to the ban given to all of those who associated with the regional regulation, either from among the people of Pamekasan or immigrants. On the Islamic criminal law perspective, the application of the Regional Regulation No. 18 Year 2004 on prohibition of prostitution in Pamekasan is categorized as jarîmah hudûd (criminal wounding). The Regional Regulation is promoting the principle of benefit for the people, and also as an attempt of the government to avoid danger and negative impact of prostitution. In addition, it is also as an effort to create more benefit for the people in Pamekasan.Keywords: Islamic criminal law, prohibition, prostitution, Pamekasan. Abstrak: Tulisan ini membahas tentang Peraturan Daerah No. 18 Tahun 2004 tentang Larangan Pelacuran di Kabupaten Pamekasan. Dalam Peraturan Daerah No. 18 Tahun 2004 disebutkan bahwa larangan pelacuran diberlakukan bagi seluruh masyarakat Pamekasan tanpa terkecuali, baik masyarakat Kabupaten Pamekasan maupun masyarakat di luar Kabupaten Pamekasan. Di samping itu, tindak pidana terkait dengan larangan tersebut diberikan bagi seluruh orang yang berhubungan dengan Perda, baik masyarakat Pamekasan sendiri maupun masyarakat pendatang yang ada di Kabupaten Pamekasan. Aplikasi Peraturan Daerah Nomor 18 Tahun 2004 tentang Larangan Pelacuran di Kabupaten Pamekasan dari tinjauan fiqh Jinâyah merupakan perbuatan yang termasuk jarîmah hudûd. Peraturan Daerah ini mengedepankan asas kemaslahatan bagi masyarakat, dan merupakan upaya pemerintah untuk menghindaran masyarakat Pamekasan dari kemudaratan dan segala bahaya dari dampak pelacuran, dan sebagai upaya menciptakan kemaslahatan bagi seluruh masyarakat atau sumber daya di Kabupaten Pamekasan.Kata Kunci: Peraturan Daerah, pelacuran, Kabupaten Pamekasan. Â
Hukuman Bagi Pelaku Tindak Pidana Penadahan Dengan Sistem Gadai
Get PDFAbstract: This study aims to investigate crime of fencing by the lien system contained in decision No. 293/Pid.B/2013/PN. Mkt. In his decision, judge used Article 480 Paragraph 1 (one) about the aggravating factors, the mitigating circumstances, witnesses at the trial, and the evidences in the trial as a consideration in deciding the case of fencing. In this case, judge decided that the defendant or criminal fencing system is sentenced to prison for 6 (six) months, from the demand of 10 (ten) months. According to the review of Islamic criminal law, the Judge’s ruling has been in accordance with Islamic law, because the defendant’s act is categorized as jarîmah and is sentenced with ta’zîr. That is because the criminal act is an offense where its punishment is not regulated in al-Qur’an and al-Hadith.Keywords: Crime of fencing, pawn system, Islamic criminal law Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti tindak pidana penadahan dengan sistem gadai yang terdapat dalam putusan No.293/Pid.B/2013/PN. Mkt. Dalam putusan tersebut, Majelis Hakim menggunakan Pasal 480 ayat 1, hal-hal yang memberatkan, hal-hal yang meringankan, saksi-saksi di persidangan, serta bukti-bukti dalam persidangan sebagai pertimbangan dalam memutus perkara tindak penadahan ini. Dalam kasus ini, Majelis Hakim memutus bahwa terdakwa atau pelaku tindak pidana penadahan dengan sistem gadai dijatuhi pidana penjara selama 6 (enam) bulan, dari tuntutan 10 (sepuluh) bulan. Menurut tinjauanf fiqh jinâyah putusan hakim telah sesuai dengan hukum Islam, karena perbuatan terdakwa termasuk dalam jarîmah yang hukumannya adalah ta’zîr. Hal tersebut dikarenakan tindak pidana tersebut merupakan sebuah pelanggaran yang hukumannya tidak diatur dalam Nash.Kata Kunci: Tindak pidana penadahan, sistem gadai, fiqh jinâya
TANGGUNGJAWAB PERDATA PEMILIK PERSEROAN TERBATAS (PT) TERHADAP KERUGIAN PIHAK LAIN DALAM TINJAUAN HUKUM BISNIS ISLAM
Get PDFThe existence of Limited Company (LC) in business is a necessity. Limited Company in Indonesia is regulated by Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007. The domination of the company in the form of Limited Company is because of its superiority in comparison with other forms of company. The first advantage, Limited Company provides easiness to transfer its shares to other parties or persons. The second, shareholder liability of Limited Company is limited to the value of shares held in the Limited Company itself. The enthusiasts of LC are not only from among non-Muslims but also Muslim investors who are choosing it as a form of business entity to run their business. Muslim businessmen, other than as a citizen of Indonesia who are supposed to be the subject to the rules of positive law in Indonesia, including the law pertaining to company, should also be the subject to the provisions of shari'ah. In relation with the discussion above, there are some fundamental questions as follow; (1) is there any kinds of legal form of Limited Company in Islam?; (2) is there any limitations of liability in Islam?; (3) is the limitation of liability is allowed under Islamic law?. Based on the research, it can be concluded that Islam does not have the shirkah system which has the similarities to Limited Company of either in the form of responsibility or its legal status. According to al-Qur’an and al-hadith that each individual is responsible to pay all debt dependents without any restrictions. Islam does not also allow a form of limited obligation as set out in Limited Company. It is because the provisions of shari>'ah states that one should not reduce a bit of his or her own debt
TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP ARISAN BERSYARAT (Studi Kasus di Kranggan Prajurit Kulon Mojokerto)
Get PDFThe focus of this study is the requirement of compulsory debt, and debt payments that should be paid more based on the existing provisions. The conditional lottery in RW 03 of housing complex of Gatoel Mojokerto is not appropriate with the Islamic law like debt obligation and additional money in debt payment that can be called Riba. In this case, it is a kind is Riba Nasi’ah because it talks about debt and the additional money in the debt payment. The foundation of this law has already been in Al-Qur’an and Al-Hadits that explain about the rule of imposed debt; this debt is given to the one who does not have any need, and also explain about the rule of Riba, and anything that should not be done by a Moslem. Besides, in the foundation of Qard, this lottery does not fulfill the requirement and the pillars of Qard, that is about ‘Aqid; a Muqrid should give the debt to the one who really need as a mean of helping. Based on the conclusion above, it is expected for the members of lottery should eliminate the additional money in the debt payment and the rule of the compulsory debt. Finally, for the society of Gatoel housing complex, especially for members of the lottery should be more selective to choose the activity whether it has benefit
Kewenangan Penyidik Pegawai Negeri Sipil Dalam Penyidikan Kasus Korupsi
Get PDFAbstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang kewenangan Penyidik Pegawai Negeri Sipil dalam penyidikan kasus korupsi perspektif fiqh murâfa’ât. Kewenangan Penyidik Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PPNS) sebagaimana yang diatur dalam PP. No. 43 Tahun 2012 mempunyai persamaan dengan al-Muh}tasib dalam hal kewenangan dan tugas untuk mengawasi berlakunya undang-undang dan menjaga ketertiban umum. Selain itu dalam sistem pembuktian Hukum Acara Pidana Islam dan Hukum Acara Peradilan Tindak Korupsi (Tipikor) ada persamaan dalam hal pembuktian, yaitu bukti dibebankan pada pihak penggugat. Penulis merekomendasikan kepada aparat penegak hukum, khususnya Penyidik Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PPNS) pada Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi agar lebih serius dalam menangani perkara korupsi dan menggunakan sistem pembuktian terbalik pada delik gratifikasi dari pada menggunakan metode biasa. Hal ini dimaksudkan agar anggaran negara yang dikorupsi dapat dikembalikan pada negara.Kata Kunci: Kewenangan, penyidik, Pegawai Negeri Sipil, fiqh murâfa’â
Hukuman Bagi Pezina Di Sarawak Malaysia
Get PDFAbstrak: Dalam penyelesaian perkara bagi pezina di Sarawak Malaysia, Mahkamah Syariah di Sarawak Malaysia berdasarkan pada ketentuan Ordinan 46 Tahun 2001 Ordinan Kesalahan Jinayah Syariah 2001 yang berhubungan dengan kesusilaan oleh Hakim Mahkamah Tinggi Syariah di Sarawak Malaysia dijatuhi pidana denda tidak melebihi lima ribu ringgit atau penjara selama tempo tidak melebihi tiga tahun atau disebat tidak melebihi enam sebatan atau dihukum dengan mana-mana kombinasi hukuman itu. Dalam hal pelaksanaan sanksi bagi pelanggar yang telah melakukan tindak pidana perzinaan, perlu diberikan kewenangan kepada Parlimen bagi propinsi maupun DUN yang mewakili propinsi agar dapat bersama dalam menetapkan undang-undang, dan seharusnya tidak mengenepikan Syariat. Pentingnya ada pemersatuan ulama dan para cendekiawan dalam mengenalkan masyarakat tentang hukum Islam yang sebenarnya. Mahkamah Syariah maupun lembaga yang menjalankan hukum Islam haruslah mempunyai wewenang yang penuh dalam menjalankan hukum agama dan mendukung kerajaan dengan menyebar dan menerangkan arti sebenar hukum Islam yang ingin diberlakukan.Kata Kunci: Hukuman, pezina, Sarawa
Demokrasi di Pakistan Menurut Benazir Bhutto
Get PDFAbstract: This article discusses about democracy in Pakistan by Benazir Bhutto. The realization of democracy in Pakistan, according to Benazir Bhutto, is to reach all the democratic elements of the Pakistani nations, the business communities, to release all of the political prisoners, to make the print and electronic media free, to open and uncensored, to remove the ban on sororities and labor, to separate the judicial functions of the executive, and to provide the basis for a fair electoral process. The other leaderships of women in Pakistan’s democracy by Benazir Bhutto, are appointing some women to sit in the cabinet and set up the Ministry of Women Development, creating the program of study in the universities for women, founding the Women Development Bank to provide credit only for the women entrepreneurs, creating institutions to train women in family planning, nutrition counseling, child care, and birth control. Democracy in Pakistan is a liberal democracy which is characterized by a moderate Islam, by recruiting people who are competent to sit in the government, eliminating and restricting military power, reactivating the role of civil society in accordance with the government’s program.