Jurnal Online Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum (UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya)
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Hilat al-Hukm, Kebutuhan atau ‎Penyimpangan (Perkembangan Teori Hukum ‎Islam)‎
No full textWithin the study of Islamic legal history we are informed that there are two differing major schools of law in relation to the use of human intellect in the interpretation of the law. The first group is those who relied on the tradition of the prophet whereas the second group is those who depended on human rational thinking. The first group was known as ahl al-hadith with Imam Malik ibn Anas as the eponym and the second group grew in Kufah and Baghdad with Imam Abu Hanifah as the eponym.On the other hand, on the course of Islamic legal history there were four items which were considered as product of Islamic law, they were theoretical writings, legal opinions, court decisions and Islamic governments’ regulations. Each has its distinct features therefore needs special attention.this article discusses legal stratagem (hilat al-hukm) which is a product of islamic jurists interpretation of law. This article explains its definition and its importance as well as controversies surrounding its applicability. In addition, it also discusses whether legal stratagem remains relevant in providing answers for novel legal cases nowadays or it just a kind of abuse of islamic legal theory.This writing is a bibliographical research in which opinions of muslim jurists and scholar of islamic legal theory are cited along with their arguments. It is concluded that legal stratagem remains relevant for out time and cannot be considered as legal abus
Perkembangan Legislasi Hukum Islam di Indonesia
Get PDFThe inevitability of legislation and codification of Islamic law is at least because of three factors; internal dynamic within Islamic legal theories, the shift from traditional to modern society, and complexity of social relation in the society. Many have written about development of Islamic law in Indonesia, either as general surveys of case studies. While among the most discussed topics is religious court, few has been written about Islamic positive law in Indonesia from pre independence period up to contemporary state. Indeed, there were some writings on Islamic legislation in Indonesia but their nature was merely concise survey which described briefly about the emergence of new trend on development of Islamic law in Indonesia. This article explains the covering scope of Islamic legislation in Indonesia as well as its legal binding within the hierarchy of legal products in Indonesia.
This article is a bibliographical research analyzing data and legal documents. In addition, since Islamic legislation occupies new phase connected to another, the historical approach is employed in tracing the actual feature of development of Islamic law in Indonesia. This writing is aimed at discovering the trend of development of Islamic law in Indonesia, especially in post-new order period. So, it will be useful in locating the position of Islamic law in Indonesia as well as in opening new discourses within the area of Islamic law which has been dominated by textual studies in many year
Korban Pembunuhan dalam Prespektif Viktimologi dan Fikih Jinayat
Get PDFThe criminal incidents which currently occur in society indicate that many victims of the criminal motion have been continoustly dropping which then cause various suffers of either material or nonmaterial damages. Moreover, they can be possibly enduring a direct and indirect harm, a physical or psycological harm. Unfortunately, the victims of the criminal incidents got less attention and treatment proportionally and maximally. This condition can be viewed from the legal status of the victims on the criminal and positive law in Indonesia which has not been put equitably or even handless. This fundamental circumstance results two main matters; (1) there is less legal preservation for many victims and, (2) there is less righteous judgement of a judge for the victims, doers or society. Moreover, according to Islamic criminal law (fiqih Jinayat), the victims got the satisfactory rights especially their legal position as the most suffered party. The civic administration system in Indonesia should appearently be updated to be more appreaciative and responsive to the victim’s rights.  It is how the criminal and positive law and the Islamic criminal law in Indonesia try to place the victim’s position proportionally and professionally
Al-Maslahah dalam Pandangan ‎ al-Ghazaly, al-Shatiby dan al-Tufy
Get PDFAl-Maslahah is merely an effort to gain benefit as well as prevent harm for the sake of human welfare in this world without considering its compliance with the purpose of shari’ah which are the preservation of religion, life, consciousness, family, and property. However, there are three contradictory opinions concerning establishing Al-Maslahah as a source of islamic law. A group od islamic legal theorists tend to limit the use of Al-Maslahah such as al-Ghazaly, while the second group tend to employ it moderately such as al-Shatiby. The last group is those group who employ it exclusively without pay much attention to the textual reference as promoted by al-Tufy. Surprisingly, there is a common ground between the three opinions. The first is that al-maslahah should not merely be based on human desire, but it has to be in accordance to fundamental goal of islamic law. The second is that al-maslahah should be a fundamental of generating benetif and preventing harm
The Infulence of Colonial Laws on Islamic ‎Legal Developments in Indonesia, Malaysia ‎and Singapore: A Comperative Study
Get PDFThis article discusses the influences of colonizers’ legal system toward their colonized areas. Three Muslim countries are highlighted; Indonesia; Malaysia; and Singapore. Although the colonizers tended to force the enactment of their law in colonized areas because of their chauvinistic attitude, indigenous law represented by Adat law and Islamic law, which was applied in these area before the coming of western colonized, should not be undermined. The Dutch was forceful in applying their law in Indonesia whereas the British was more accommodative to Malaysian local practice although at the end the colonized subjects adopted the law of their colonial masters. Singapore instantly adopted English law because of lack of indigenous authority. After independence, Indonesia still uses Dutch’s penal and civil code although some Islamic-inspired law also appears such as marriage law and Kompilasi Hukum Islam along with the improvement of Religious court status. Islamic law in Malaysian sultanates continuously enjoys the status of positive law although legal pluralism do occur. In addition new Islamic-inspired laws also appear in the aspect of family law and procedural law. Singapore, although gives legal supports for its Muslim citizens, turns to become a secular state
Perkembangan Teknologi Sejalan dengan Transformasi Pemahaman Hukum Islam
Get PDFThis article discusses the influence of modern science and technology towards certai aspects of islamic law and in the interpretation of legal aspects of al-Qur’an. In the aspect of islamic inheritance, technology of ultrasonography (USG) and DNA test certainly makes difference. The USG can accurately predict the embryo, its sex type, and its number (single, twin, triplest, so on). Likewise, DNA test can assist the identification of fire victims and other unidentified victims. Both technologies can support Islamic inheritance law so that the application of the law become more accurate and simple
Iklan Komersial: Urgensi Nilai Syariah dalam Aplikasinya
Get PDFCommercial advertising has been the main tool of many companies to sell their prducts. Unfortunately, the practice of contemporary advertising is contradictory to the initial objectives. Therefore, the use of islamic values in commercial advertising is recommended in securing responsible and healthy adversiting. Those favorable islamic values are the principles of honesty, simplicity, justice, cooperation, etiquette, legality, and benefit. This article is aimed to show the contribution of those islamic values in commercial advertising as well as to avoid negative impacts which often occur. By using the principle of islamic law, it will create the efficient and effective use of fund, promote the formation of helathy business competition and good comsumer’s behavior, reduction of anxiety among community caused by bad advertising, and the creation of dignified social harmony
Pelaksanaan Peraturan Kapolri No. 8 ‎Tahun 2009 dalam ‎ Perspektif Maqasid al-Syari’ah‎
No full textAbstract: This paper would like to describe three things: (1) the implementation of Regulation of the Indonesian National Police No. 8 of 2009 on Human Rights Principles and Standards; (2) Regulation of the Indonesian National Police No. 8 of 2009 on principles and human rights standards in the review of maqasid al-shari'ah; and (3) Principles and human rights standards in completing the task of the police in a review of maqasid al-shari'ah. Finally concluded that a review of the performance of policing duties maqasid al-shari'ah, namely to safeguard human life and life on earth to live a better life in accordance with the shari'ah, and create benefit for humans. In addition, the duties of the police in relation to human rights, namely nature daruriyyah, hajiyyah al-sha’iyyah, and tahsiniyyah because procedurally and based perturan laws applicable, law enforcement is done not only on the follow krimanalitas but also includes the act of protection for people or groups linked to all aspects of life, especially related to the so-called al-kulliyyat al-khams or al-daruriyyat al-khams, namely matters concerning the maintenance of the self (body, mind, and honor) reasonable mind, possessions, nasab offspring and her religious beliefs. Abstrak: Tulisan ini ingin memaparkan tiga hal, yaitu: (1) pelaksanaan peraturan kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia No. 8 Tahun 2009 tentang prinsip dan standar HAM; (2) Peraturan kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia No. 8 Tahun 2009 tentang prinsip dan standar HAM ditinjau dari perspektif maqasid al-syari’ah; dan (3) Prinsip dan standar HAM dalam menyelesaikan tugas kepolisian dalam perspektif maqasid al-syari’ah. Akhirnya disimpulkan bahwa penyelenggaraan tugas kepolisian dalam perspektif maqasid al-syari’ah yaitu untuk menjaga hidup dan kehidupan manusia di muka bumi untuk hidup lebih baik sesuai dengan syari’at, dan menciptakan kemaslahatan bagi manusia. Di samping itu, tugas anggota kepolisian dalam kaitannya dengan hak asasi manusia yaitu bersifat daruriyyah, hajiyyah al-syarî’ah, dan tahsiniyyah karna secara prosedural dan berdasarkan perturan undang-undang yang berlaku, penegakan hukum yang dilakukan tidak hanya pada tindak krimanalitas akan tetapi juga mencakup pada tindak perlindungan kepada masyarakat atau kelompok terkait dengan segala aspek kehidupan khususnya terkait dengan apa yang disebut dengan al-kulliyyat al-khams atau al-daruriyyat al-khams, yakni hal-hal yang menyangkut terpeliharanya diri (jiwa, raga, dan kehormatannya) akal pikirannya, harta bendanya, nasab keturunannya dan kepercayaan agamanya
BASULUH SUKU BANJAR DALAM SENGKETA ‎WARIS
No full textThis paper intends to question about how to answer the the implementation of basuluh in Banjar tribe in inheritance dispute and how the analysis of Islamic law and the Supreme Court Regulation No. 1 of 2008 on the implementation of basuluh in Banjar tribe in inheritance dispute. Data are collected by interview and documentation then analyzed by qualitative method and descriptive verification technique with deductive-inductive mindset. The implementation of basuluh in Banjar tribe in inheritance dispute is based on the existing law of Sultan Adam. Basuluh is conducted by contacting the main figure of the village. These figures will give his personal solution to implement it peacefully. In general, the division is done in two ways, namely faraid islah and islah. The result of basuluh has no legal force, but if broken, it will be sanctioned customarily. In Islamic point of view, basuluh of Banjar tribe has already been in accordance with the principles of maqaá¹£id al-syariÄ«'ah. On the perspective of PERMA No. 1 of 2008, it does not reveal any significant differences between the two overall but the legal basis that governs them. So that, the mediation done by PERMA No. 1 of 2008 is specifically regulated in detail. On the other hands, the mediation in court has more disadvantage than that of basuluh even though the deed of peace has a legal force and has a limit time. So that, no party can stall. However, basuluh, in this case, is more effective than mediation in court.Tulisan ini bermaksud menjawab pertanyaan tentang bagaimana pelaksanaan basuluh Suku Banjar dalam sengketa waris serta bagaimana analisis hukum Islam dan Peraturan Mahkamah Agung No. 1 Tahun 2008 terhadap pelaksanaan basuluh Suku Banjar dalam sengketa waris. Data yang dihimpun menggunakan teknik wawancara dan dokumentasi dianalisis dengan metode kualitatif menggunakan teknik deskriptif verifikatif dengan pola pikir deduktif-induktif. Pelaksanaan basuluh Suku Banjar dalam sengketa waris berdasarkan pada undang-undang Sultan Adam yang masih ditaati. Basuluh dilakukan dengan menghubungi tokoh yang dipandang sebagai tetuha kampung. Tokoh ini akan memberikan pandangannya agar penyelesaian dilaksanakan secara damai. Pada umumnya pembagian dilakukan dengan dua macam cara, yaitu FarÄ’iḠIá¹£laḥ dan Iá¹£lÄḥ. Hasil dari kesepakatan basuluh ini tidak memiliki kekuatan hukum, namun jika dilanggar akan diberi sanksi adat. Ditinjau dari hukum Islam, Basuluh suku Banjar dalam sengketa waris telah sesuai dengan maqaá¹£id asy-syariÄ«'ah. Ditinjau dari PERMA No. 1 Tahun 2008 tidak ditemukan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara keduanya secara keseluruhan. Yang menjadi perbedaan hanya dasar hukum yang mengatur keduanya sehingga mediasi menurut PERMA No. 1 Tahun 2008 diatur secara rinci sedangkan pelaksanaan basuluh hanya sekedar berdasarkan yang sering dilakukan masyarakat Banjar. Selain itu mediasi di pengadilan memiliki kelemahan kurang efektif dibandingkan basuluh namun akta perdamaiannya memiliki kekuatan hukum serta memiliki batasan waktu sehingga tidak ada pihak yang dapat mengulur-ulur waktu. Sedangkan basuluh lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan mediasi di pengadilan namun hasil kesepakatannya tidak berkekuatan hukum dan tidak memiliki batasan waktu pelaksanaan.Kata kunci: basuluh, Suku Banjar, sengketa wari
HAK DAN KEWAJIBAN ANAK TUNGGU ‎TUBANG DALAM SISTEM ADAT SEMENDE LAMPUNG
Get PDFThis study discusses the right and obligation of tunggu tubang child in customary system in migrants Semende Lampung. Two issues of this research are: first, how is the concept of tunggu tubang child in the customary system in migrants Semende Lampung? And, second, how is the right and obligation of tunggu tubang child in the customary system in migrants Semende Lampung? Data are gained by using documentation and interview with some migrants who adhere to Semende tribe in Lampung. The collected data are then analyzed by using descriptive-deductive mindset. The research concludes that, the right and obligation of tunggu tubang child in the customary system in migrants Semende Lampung is not in conflict with Islamic law. The eldest daughter authorized the treasure by her parents after marriage not to burden her brothers. The commensurate right of her obligation of taking care of parents is to honor her who has taking care when the boy wanders about. In addition the eldest daughter is also considered to be more diligent and more patient in such obligation.Penelitian ini membahas tentang hak dan kewajiban anak tunggu tubang dalam sistem Adat Semende Masyarakat Transmigran Semende Lampung. Dua persoalan yang menjadi fokus penelitian adalah: Pertama, bagaimana konsep anak Tunggu tubang dalam sistem adat Semende Masyarakat Transmigran Semende Lampung. Kedua, bagaimana analisis hukum Islam terhadap hak dan kewajiban anak Tunggu tubang dalam sistem adat Semende Masyarakat Transmigran Semende Lampung. Data penelitian dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik dokumenter dan wawancara dengan masyarakat transmigran yang menganut Suku Semende di Propinsi Lampung. Setelah data terkumpul dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif dan kesimpulannya menggunakan pola pikir deduktif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa, hak dan kewajiban anak Tunggu tubangdalam sistem adat suku Semende Masyarakat Transmigran Semende Lampung tidak bertentangan dengan hukum Islam. Anak perempuan tertua (Tunggu tubang) yang diberi hak harta oleh orang tua setelah menikah tidak memberatkan saudara-saudaranya yang lain. hak yang didapatkan tersebut setimpal dengan kewajiban mengurus orang tua, kakek dan nenek serta saudara-saudaran yang belum menikah. Pemberian hak harta kepada anak perempuan tertua adalah memuliakan anak perempuan yang sudah menjaga orang tua dan hartanya saat anak lelaki merantau. Anak perempuan tertua juga dianggap lebih tekun, rajin dan penyabar dalam kewajiban tersebut.Kata kunci: anak tunggu tubang, adat Semende Lampun