Jurnal Online Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum (UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya)
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SYNCHRONISING POSITIVE LAW AND ISLAMIC LAW WITHIN A JUSTICE CONCEPT IN CONCURRENT ELECTIONS 2024: FROM THE PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC LAW
Get PDFConcurrent elections should not be injured by dissenting interpretations of Islamic Law in terms of its contextual connection to Positive Law. This research aims to delve into the connection between the norms of Islam and politics in Indonesia and the measures taken to bring about the harmony of religious norms within the political system of law in Indonesia. With a normative-descriptive approach, this legal research discovered that the legal objective is not restricted to justice, but it also takes into account legal certainty and merit. The discourse on justice often refers to two thoughts. John Rawls and Jürgen Habermas, within the scope of critical philosophy developed by Kant, attempted to seek the primary principles underlying social life. Concurrent elections 2024 in Indonesia refer to direct, universal, free, secret, genuine, and just principles. These principles serve as the basis for justice enforcement, especially in the fulfilment of the political rights of the citizens. The justice principle builds the harmonization of the norms that underlie elections with Islamic Law as the core soul of the elections. Participation in elections is understood as the exercise of the norms of Islamic law with the frameworks aiming to bring about the merit of the people as a whole. How do the principles of justice in the principles of elections intertwine with the principle of justice in Islamic law?
Keywords: Harmonization, justice, concurrent elections, the philosophy of Islamic Law
Pandangan Nadirsyah Hosen tentang Demokrasi dan Kepemimpinan
Get PDFAbstract: This article discusses Nadirsyah Hosen's thoughts on democracy and leadership. This research is of the literature research type, and the data is analysed descriptively. The results of the study concluded that according to Nadirsyah Hosen, the democratic system is one way to return society to the Khilafah 'ala Minhaj an-nubuwwah (leadership based on what has been outlined by the Prophet). Regarding the requirements for leaders, Nadirsyah stated that leaders do not have to be from certain groups as long as they meet the requirements in accordance with the constitution of a country. If it is valid according to the constitution, it is also valid according to Islamic law. Nadirshah used maqashid as-shari'ah and the Intiqa'i method to determine statehood views. His opinion contributed to the reform of constitutional law in Islam.
Keywords: Democracy, leadership, Islamic law, constitution.
Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang pemikiran Nadirsyah Hosen tentang demokrasi dan kepemimpinan. Penelitian ini berjenis Penelitian Pustaka dan data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa menurut Nadirsyah Hosen sistem demokrasi merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengembalikan masyarakat kepada Khilafah ‘ala Minhaj an-nubuwwah (kepeminpinan berdasarkan apa yang telah digariskan oleh Nabi). Berkaitan dengan syarat pemimpin, Nadirsyah menyatakan bahwa pemimpin tidak harus dari golongan tertentu asalkan memenuhi syarat sesuai dengan konstitusi suatu negara. Jika sudah sah menurut konstitusi maka sah juga menurut hukum Islam. Nadirsyah menggunakan maqashid as-syari’ah dan metode Intiqa’i dalam menentukan padangannya mengenai ketatanegaraan. Pendapatnya tersebut memberikan kontribusi dalam pembaruan hukum ketatanegaraan dalam Islam.
Kata Kunci: Demokrasi, kepemimpinan, hukum Islam, ketatanegaraan.
Kepastian Hukum, Kemanfaatan Dan Keadilan Pemidanaan Kejahatan Asal Usul Perkawinan: Analisis Putusan No. 387/Pid.B/2021/PN.Jmb
Get PDFThe purpose of the law includes three elements: certainty, expediency, and justice. All three must be regarded asthe foundation for which the law is created not only of juridical value but also of philosophical and sociological value. This study aims to examine the decision of the Jambi District Court No. 387/Pid.B/2021/PN.Jmb which imposes imprisonment on polygamous perpetrators without the wife's and court's permission by considering the principles of legal certainty, benefit and justice. The research is normative legal research, with the object of study is legal principles accompanied by a case approach. The decision implies a conflict between legal certainty, the principle of justice, and the usefulness of the law, especially concerning the position of the convict. Therefore, justice in the court decision is considered partial, retributive justice, which is regarded as no longer relevant. Ideally, the punishment of the accused is accompanied by restitution to the victim by way of restorative justice, which is not only concerned with punishing and deterring the perpetrators but also about protecting the families as victims
Progresifitas Mahkamah Konstitusi Dalam Pengujian Batasan Usia Perkawinan
Get PDFAbstract : Research aim for investigate progressive Court Constitution in Test limitation age marriage . Article 7 paragraph (1) of the Marriage Law Year 1/1974 has been give birth to form discrimination to female . This thing reflected from difference set age . _ Age limit marriage for Men is 19 years and 16) years for woman . To problematic this submit trial in Court Constitution . Later problem _ faced is Court Constitution no allowed by principles and stance for test Article 7 paragraph (1) of the Marriage Law which is a Open legal policy (Open legal policy). Purpose of study this is for knowing progressive Court Constitution in cut off case that . Study this is study normative with approach conceptual and approach regulation legislation . Result of Study this show that Court Constitution To do progress law with leave principles and stance . Court Constitution please receive application in decision the though Article tested is Open legal policy
Abstrak : Penelitiannya bertujuan untuk menyelidiki progresifitas Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Pengujian batasan usia perkawinan. Pasal 7 ayat (1) UU Perkawinan Tahun 1/1974 telah melahirkan bentuk diskriminasi terhadap perempuan. Hal ini tercermin dari perebadaan usia yang diatur. Batasan usia perkawinan bagi pria adalah 19 (sembilan belas) tahun dan 16 (enam belas) tahun bagi wanit. Terhadap problematika ini diajukanlah pengujian di Mahkamah Konstitusi. Masalah yang kemudian dihadapi adalah Mahkamah Konstitusi tidak diperkenankan secara prinsip dan pendirian untuk menguji Pasal 7 ayat (1) UU Perkawinan yang merupakan Kebijakan Hukum Terbuka (Open legal policy). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui progresifitas Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam memutus perkara tersebut. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan. Hasil dari Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Mahkamah Konstitusi melakukan progrsifitas hukum dengan meninggalkan prinsip dan pendiriannya. Mahkamah Konstitusi berkenan mengambulkan permohonan dalam putusan tersebut meskipun Pasal yang diujikan adalah Kebijakan Hukum Terbuka (Open legal policy)
Pemenuhan Hak Anak di Negara-negara Rumpun Melayu
Get PDFAbstract : United Nations ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1089. It is a form of legal protection for children to meet children's rights in UN member countries. As a UN convention, it has coercive power on all UN member states to sign and ratify the Convention. The topic of child rights becomes interesting when the discussion focuses on countries with a long historical culture and civilization. One of them is the Malay civilization, namely Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore, all are members of the United Nations. This paper presents the finding related to the agreement of the Malay community to the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the follow-up of that agreement in its implementation in the legal system of these countries. At the end of the article, it is concluded that: (1) four countries belonging to the Malay family, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei, have agreed and ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), but with the application of reservation rights for Malaysia and Brunei; (2) four countries have passed child laws; and (3) the diversity of age limits for children in the four countries.
Abstrak : Pada tahun 1089 Perserikatan Bangsa-bangsa mengesahkannya sebagai Kovensi Hak Anak (Convention of Rights of The Child), yang bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap anak, sebagai upaya pemenuhan terhadap hak-hak anak di negara-negara anggota PBB. Sebagai konvensi PBB, maka mempunyai kekuatan memaksa pada semua Negara anggota PBB untuk menandatangani dan meratifikasi konvensi tersebut. Menjadi menarik ketika difokuskan pada negara-negara yang mempunyai sejarah panjang, terutama mempunyai kesamaan rumpun dan budaya. Salah satunya adalah negara rumpun Melayu, yaitu Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, dan Singapura, yang kesemuanya merupakan anggota PBB. Dalam konteks inilah tulisan ini hadir, yaitu untuk mengetahui persetujuan negara-negara rumun Melayu terhadap Konvensi Hak Anak, dan tindak lanjut dari persetujuan tersebut dalam implementasinya dalam system hukum negara-negara tersebut. Di akhir tulisan disimpulkan bahwa: (1) empat negara rumpun Melayu, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapura dan Brunei, telah menyepakati dan meratifikasi Konvensi Hak Anak (CRC), namun dengan pemberlakuan hak reservasi untuk Malaysia dan Brunei; (2) empat negara telah mengesahkan undang-undang anak; dan (3) adanya keberagaman batasan usia anak di empat negara tersebut
Rendahnya Tingkat Keberhasilan Mediasi di Pengadilan Agama Bantul Tahun 2018-2020: Studi Terhadap Analisis Efektivitas Peran Mediator di Pengadilan Agama Bantul
Get PDFAbstrak : Artikel ini membahas mengenai rendahnya tingkat keberhasilan mediasi di Pengadilan Agama Bantul tahun 2018-2020: studi terhadap analisis peran mediator di Pengadilan Agama Bantul. Fakus dari kajian ini ialah menganalisa alasan atau faktor rendahnya keberhasilan mediasi oleh mediator di Pengadilan Agama Bantul dengan memanfaatkan konsep sosiologi hukum yang pisau bedahnya menggunakan teori efektivitas hukum, budaya hukum dan resolusi konflik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa efektifitas keberhasilan peran mediator dipengaruhi oleh tujuh faktor yakni Pertama, Para pihak sudah bersikukuh untuk bercerai, Kedua, Tingkat kesulitan kasus. Ketiga, Tingkat kesadaran masyarakat. Keempat, Waktu mediasi terlalu singkat. Kelima, Mediasi hanya sebagai formalitas. Keenam, Itikad baik para pihak. Ketujuah, Kemampuan mediator.
Kata Kunci: Mediator, Mediasi, Pengadilan Agama, Bantul.
Abtract : This article discusses the low success rate of mediation at the Bantul Religious Court in 2018-2020: a study of the analysis of the role of mediators at the Bantul Religious Court. The focus of this study is to analyze the reasons or factors for the low success of mediation by mediators at the Bantul Religious Court by utilizing the concept of legal sociology whose scalpel uses the theory of legal effectiveness, legal culture and conflict resolution. The results of this study indicate that the effectiveness of the successful role of the mediator is influenced by seven factors namely First, the parties are determined to divorce, Second, the degree of difficulty of the case. Third, the level of public awareness. Fourth, the mediation time is too short. Fifth, Mediation is only a formality. Sixth, the good faith of the parties. Seventh, the ability of the mediator.
Keywords: Mediator, Mediation, Religious Court, Bantu
Pertimbangan Hukum Hakim dalam Mengabulkan dan Menolak Permohonan Izin Menikah Beda Agama di Pengadilan Negeri Pati dan Ungaran
Get PDFAbstract: The issue of interfaith marriage is an interesting topic to be discussed again. Because the rules regarding interfaith marriage in Indonesia make multiple interpretations of permissibility or not. Couples want to carry out interfaith marriages can carry out marriages abroad or submit requests to court judges. The judge has full authority to grant or refuse. This study focuses on two cases that were submitted to the district court, No 122/Pdt.P/2020/PN.Pti and 42/Pdt.P/2014/PN.Ung. The author's reason for studying the two decisions is the similarity of the beliefs of the parties, namely men who are Muslims and women who adhere to Christianity. The focus of the first study was to dig up witness statements and the consent of the parents of both parties. Second; whether the authentic evidence presented at trial is a major consideration. The results of this study reveal that the strength of witness testimony and parental consent as well as authentic evidence that can be presented in court makes the judge grant the request.
Abstrak : Isu Pernikahan beda agama menjadi topic yang menarik untuk diperbincangkan kembali. Karena aturan mengenai pernikahan beda agama di Indonesia menjadikan multitafsir tentang kebolehan atau tidak. Pasangan yang hendak melakukan pernikahan beda agama dapat melakukan pernikahan di luar negeri atau mengajukan permohoann kepada hakim pengadilan. Hakim mempunyai kewenangan penuh untuk mengabulkan atau menolak. Kajian ini memfokuskan pada kepada dua kasus yang diajukan kepada pengadilan negeri yaitu Nomor 122/Pdt.P/2020/PN.Pti dan 42/Pdt.P/2014/PN.Ung. Alasan penulis mengkaji dua putusan tersebut adalah kesamaan kepercayaan para pihak yaitu laki-laki beragama Islam dan perempuan menganut agama Kristen. Fokus kajian pertama yaitu menggali Keterangan Saksi dan izin orang tua kedua belah pihak. Kedua; apakah bukti autentik yang dihadirkan dalam persidangan menjadi pertimbangan utama. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa kuatnya kesaksian saksi dan izin orang tua serta bukti autentik yang dapat dihadirkan dalam persidangan membuat hakim mengabulkan permohonan
Perkawinan Sesama Marga Pada Masyarakat Suku Ende dan Lio: Antara Mempertahankan Harta Warisan dan Nasab
Get PDFAbstract : This article discusses inter-marga marriages in the Ende and Lio Tribe Communities. The people of the Ende and Lio tribes enforce inter-marga marriages in marriage. The focus of this research is why the people of the Ende and Lio tribes apply same-marga marriages in marriages. In this study, researchers utilized a concept of legal sociology initiated by Soerjono Soekanto to analyze the reasons for the emergence of legal practice in society. This study concludes that the emergence of the practice of same-clan marriage among the Ende and Lio people in Tanjung Village is closely related to their inheritance and lineage. If their children or grandchildren marry another clan, they are worried that the inheritance will be distributed to other clans or fall into other clans. This was not wanted by the ancient ancestors. the second is worried about lineage, if from a clan they marry with another clan then their lineage will disappear. This was not wanted by their previous ancestors, so that tradition is still being implemented today.
Abstrak : Artikel ini membahas mengenai perkawinan sesama Marga pada Masyarakat Suku Ende dan Lio. Masyarakat Suku Ende dan Lio memberlakukan perkawinan sesama Marga dalam perkawinan. Pusat perhatian pada penelitian ini ialah mengapa masyarakat Suku Ende dan Lio memberlakukan perkawinan sesama Marga dalam perkawinan. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti memanfaatkan suatu konsep sosiologi hukum yang dicetuskan oleh Soerjono Soekanto untuk menganalisis alasan dari lahirnya praktik hukum pada masyarakat. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa munculnya praktik perkawinan sesama marga pada masyarakat suku Ende dan Lio di Kelurahan Tanjung berhubungan erat dengan harta warisan dan nasab mereka. Jika dari anak-anak atau cucu mereka menikah dengan marga lain maka dikhawatirkan harta warisan tersebut akan dibagikan ke marga lain atau jatuh ke marga lain. Hal tersebut tidak diinginkan oleh nenek moyang terdahulu. yang kedua dikhawatirkan akan nasab, jika dari marga mereka nikah dengan marga lain maka akan hilang nasab mereka hal tersebut tidak diinginkan oleh nenek moyang mereka terdahulu, sehingga sampai sekarang tradisi tersebut masih diterapkan
Skema Penerapan Unexplained Wealth: Reformulasi Perampasan Aset pada Tindak Pidana Korupsi di Indonesia
Get PDFAbstract: The criminal act of corruption has developed as an extraordinary crime. Corruption eradication regulations in Indonesia still focus on non-asset so that they have not been effective in suppressing corruption crimes. The authors uses a normative juridical research with a statutory approach. The government's efforts to confiscate the assets of criminal acts of corruption have two mechanisms, namely criminal and civil in Law No. 8 of 1981 concerning Criminal Procedure Law, Law No. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Corruption, as well as Law No. 7 of 2006 concerning Ratification of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption. The regulation does not yet have a comprehensive framework. Therefore, unexplained wealth as a mechanism for confiscating assets to optimize actions in criminal acts of corruption. There are three implementations of unexplained wealth. First, renewal of legal products, namely the Draft Law on Confiscation of Criminal Acts of Assets, especially corruption. Second, law enforcement officials are guided by the regulations that have been drafted in the Asset Confiscation Draft. Third, the proof mechanism uses reverse proof.
Keywords: Asset Confiscation, Corruption, Mechanism, Scheme, Unexplained Wealth
Implementasi Kaidah al-Ijtihad la Yunqad bi al-Ijtihad dalam Penetapan Hukum Sesuai Hukum Islam
Get PDFThe development in the aspect of human life era rapid, and it greatly influences the shaping of rules that dictate human behaviour. Al-Qur'an and Hadith are the primary sources of guidance for Muslims in facing their many challenges. However, the Al-Qur'an and Hadith do not contain all detailed legal provisions. Many laws in the Qur'an and Hadith are global and universal. To overcome this problem, the scholars tried to focus on ijtihad to enforce the law using Islamic legal maxims. Islamic legal maxim is a field of science that studies the rules involved in istinbat (excavation) of a syara' law. One of the rules is al-ijtihad la yunqad bi al-ijtihad related to the study of Usul Fiqh, under the term of kulliyah aghlabiyah (majoritarian-representative) norm. Ijtihad is an essential media that plays a vital role in creating Islamic law. This rule helps in solving problems in the social, economic, political, cultural and other fields. This writing aims to provide a complete picture of Islamic legal maxims and apply it in determining the law following Islamic law and legislation in Indonesia to produce legal certainty for a problem.
Abstrak: Perkembangan zaman sangat pesat sehingga sangat mempengaruhi ketentuan-ketentuan hukum sebelumnya. Al-Qur'an dan Hadits adalah sumber utama pedoman bagi umat Islam dalam menghadapi banyak tantangan mereka. Namun, di dalam Al-Qur'an dan hadits tidak terkandung semua ketentuan-ketentuan hukum secara terperinci. Banyak hukum dalam Al-Qur'an dan Hadits bersifat global dan universal. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, para ulama berusaha untuk memfokuskan semua upaya mereka untuk ijtihad guna menegakkan hukum dengan menggunakan kaidah-kaidah fiqhiyyah. Qawa'id Fiqhiyyah adalah bidang ilmu yang mempelajari aturan-aturan yang terlibat dalam istinbat (penggalian) suatu hukum syara'. Salah satunya kaidah al-ijtihad la yunqad bi al-ijtihad adalah Dalam kajian Ushul Fiqh, terdapat norma kulliyah aghlabiyah (majoritative-representative). Ijtihad merupakan media penting yang berperan penting dalam penciptaan hukum Islam. Aturan ini membantu dalam penyelesaian masalah di bidang sosial, ekonomi, politik, budaya, dan lainnya. Dalam penulisan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran yang utuh dan menaplikasian dalam penetapan hukum sesuai dengan hukum islam dan perundang-undangan di Indonesia untuk menhasilkan kepastian hukum suatu permasalahan.