Jurnal Online Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum (UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya)
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Reformasi Hukum Islam Menurut ‘Abd Allah al-Na’im
Get PDFThe article discusses the thought of ‘Abd Allah Ahmad al-Na’im, a contemporary Sudanese Muslim scholar. He offers ideas concerning sensitive issues in Islam, especially in interpreting al-Qur’an and its relation to sharia. This sensitiveness results from the fact that certain verses have dichotomous meaning. Certain Muslim scholars allow interpreting such verses, whereas other do not. As a result, there are unveiled meanings in al-Qur’an that prevent the advancement of Islam. In dealing with the challenge of modernity, ijtihad in the light of sharia is no longer sufficient because there are so many problematic legal aspects and principles in, such as constitutional law, criminal law, international law and human rights. Those rulings are based on texts of al-Qur’an and Hadith which have definite and clear meaning. Therefore, new line of interpretation towards understanding of al-Qur’an, especially those concerning Islamic law, is necessary for Islamic law to remain relevant in our time
PEMBAGIAN WARIS HARTA PUSAKA ‎RENDAH TIDAK BERGERAK DALAM ‎MASYARAKAT MINANGKABAU ‎KANAGARIAN KURAI
No full textAbstract: This study examines the practice of lower division of inheritance for the immovable goods within the inheritance system of Minangkabau, Kanagarian. It is then analyzed with the inheritance system in Islam. Data are obtained by interview and documentation. Interview is conducted to public figures, customs, and religion in Kanagarian Kurai. The collected data are then analyzed with descriptive-deductive mindset. The research finds that the practice of lower division of inheritance for the immovable goods within the inheritance system of Minangkabau- Kanagarian is still strongly influenced by the old custom that only prioritizes the female line. This influence can be seen from the implementation of the inheritance of immovable property such as land or house that are only given to girl. The boy does not take his part because of his embarrassment to the people around who consider that he has not right to take the estate and for the reason to avoid family dispute. In addition, the inheritance system in Kanagarian Kurai, the division of the estate that often delay leads to the mixing of the estate with the other property divisions of inheritance. The practice of lower division of inheritance for the immovable goods within the inheritance system of Minangkabau-Kanagarian is not in accordance with the provision of the Islamic inheritance system which clearly specifies each heir.Abstrak:Penelitian ini mengkaji praktik pembagian harta pusaka rendah tidak bergerak dalam kewarisan Minangkabau di Kanagarian Kurai. Pelaksanaan pembagian harta pusaka rendah tidak bergerak di kanagarian Kurai ini kemudian dianalisis kesesuaiannya dengan ketentuan waris dalam Islam. Data diperoleh dengan metode wawancara dan studi dokumen. Wawancara dilakukan kepada tokoh masyarakat, adat dan agama di kanagarian Kurai. Setelah terkumpul, data tersebut dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif analisis dengan pola pikir deduktif. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa, pelaksanaan pembagian harta pusaka rendah tidak bergerak di Kanagarian Kurai masih sangat dipengaruhi adat lama yang mewariskan harta hanya pada jalur perempuan saja. Pengaruh ini dapat dilihat dari pelaksanaan warisan harta tidak bergerak seperti tanah atau rumah yang hanya diberikan kepada anak perempuan. Anak laki-laki tidak mengambil bagian mereka karena malu kepada masyarakat sekitar yang menganggap tidak patut mengambil harta warisan dan karena untuk menghindari perselisihan keluarga. Selain itu, dalam kewarisan di Kanagarian Kurai, pembagian harta waris yang ditunda-tunda sering menyebabkan tercampurnya harta warisan dengan harta lainnya. Pelaksanaan pembagian harta pusaka rendah tidak bergerak di Kanagarian Kurai ini tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan yang ada dalam kewarisan Islam yang secara jelas menentukan bagian masing-masing ahli waris secara pasti dan bersifat ijbÄri.Kata Kunci: waris, harta pusaka rendah tidak bergerak, masyarakat Minangkaba
PENOLAKAN PEMBATALAN NIKAH DI ‎BAWAH USIA KAWIN DI PENGADILAN ‎AGAMA SURABAYA
No full textAbstract: This study examines the legal consideration basis of the judge’s decision of Surabaya Religious Court No. 5157/Pdt.G/2012/PA.Sby. about the denial of cancellation of underage marriage and the juridical analysis against Religious Court’s Decision in Surabaya. The data are collected by using the documentary technique, namely from the verdict, the secondary books, articles, act, and interview. Furthermore, the data are analyzed by the descriptive method and deductive mindset. That is to describe and interpret the collected data with the general theory about the rejection of the cancellation of marriage in procedural law of Religious Court. It is then used to analyze the Religious Court’s decision in Surabaya in the case of rejection of the cancellation of the underage marriage submitted by applicant to the Head Office of Religious Affairs of Sukomanunggal, Surabaya. The research concludes that, the legal consideration basis of the judge’s decision of Surabaya Religious Court No. 5157/Pdt.G/2012/PA.Sby. is by looking the marriage law which includes the criteria of marriage that can be canceled. The judge refused a request of the applicant due to the consideration of profit (maslahah). It was since the defendant II was in 8 months pregnant. So that, the marriage annulment petition was rejected by the judge of the Religious Court in Surabaya through decision No. 5157/Pdt.G/2012/PA.Sby..Abstrak: Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang dasar pertimbangan hukum Majelis Hakim Pengadilan Agama Surabaya dalam putusan Nomor:5157/Pdt.G/2012/PA.Sby. tentang penolakan pembatalan nikah di bawah usia kawin serta analisis yuridis Terhadap Putusan Pengadilan Agama Surabaya tersebut. Data penelitian dihimpun dengan menggunakan teknik studi dokumenter yaitu mengumpulkan data dan informasi dari putusan, buku sekunder, artikel dan Undang-Undang dan sebagai pengayaan data dilakukan teknik wawancara. Selanjutnya data yang telah dihimpun dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pola pikir deduktif. yaitu menggambarkan dan menafsirkan data yang telah terkumpul dengan teori-teori yang bersifat umum tentang penolakan pembatalan nikah dalam hukum acara peradilan agama yang kemudian digunakan untuk menganalisis putusan pengadilan agama surabaya dalam kasus penolakan pembatalan nikah di bawah usia kawin yang diajukan oleh pemohon Kepala Kantor Urusan Agama Kecamatan Sukomanunggal Kota Surabaya. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa, dasar pertimbangan majelis hakim Pengadilan Agama Surabaya dalam memutus perkara Nomo:5157/Pdt.G/2012/PA.Sby. adalah dengan melihat undang-undang. Perkawinan tersebut, termasuk kriteria perkawinan yang dapat dibatalkan bukan perkawinan batal. Majelis hakim menolak permohonan pemohon dengan pertimbangan kemaslahatan. Dikarenakan termohon II sudah hamil 8 bulan, dan lebih banyak mudaratnya dari pada maslahatnya jika perkawinan tersebut dibatalkan, maka permohonan pembatalan nikah ditolak oleh Majelis Hakim Pengadilan Agama Surabaya melalui putusan Nomor:5157/Pdt.G/2012/PA.Sby..Kata Kunci: pembatalan nikah dan usia kawi
‎‘IDDAH DAN IHDAD BAGI WANITA KARIR
No full textAbstract: The concept of ‘iddah and ihdad in Islamic jurisprudence that has been running so far requires women to shy away from the social interaction and the avoidance of activities that may attract the attention of men, such as preening, ornate, and so on. They are regarded to mediate the appearance of the prohibited wedding on the waiting period (‘iddah). It is very collide with the present fact about the career women which demand them to work hard, always look attractive, and keep the interaction with the opposite sex. These factors encourage them to have an outdoor activity to support their financial result and career. The clash between the concept of fiqh and the current condition of the career women becomes the object of the discussion. Consideration that can change the legal status of ‘iddah and ihdad when collides with the issue of career women is a consideration hajah and darurah. In addition, the legal settlement of the career women can be said to be more applicable, effective, and humane. This paper will examine about ‘iddah and ihdad for the career women through the lens of maqasid al-shari’ah so the concept of Islamic jurisprudence can still be applied in contemporary era without negating the rights of the individual and social. Abstrak: Konsep ‘iddah dan ihdad dalam fiqh yang telah dijalankan selama ini, mengharuskan wanita untuk menghindar dari interaksi sosial serta menghindar dari aktifitas yang dapat menarik perhatian laki-laki, semisal bersolek, berhias, dan sebagainya karena dianggap dapat menjadi perantara munculnya pernikahan pada masa ‘iddah yang hukumnya dilarang. Hal ini sangat berbenturan dengan fakta kekinian tentang wanita karir yang menuntut wanita bekerja ekstra untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup yang mengharuskan wanita ini untuk selalu berpenampilan menarik serta menjaga interaksi dengan siapapun termasuk lawan jenis sehingga tertuntut untuk selalu beraktifitas keluar rumah, hal ini ditujukan untuk menunjang hasil finansial dan karirnya. Dua fakta mengenai benturan konsep fiqh dengan kondisi kekinian yang dalam hal ini adalah wanita karir, menjadi objek pembahasan yang menarik untuk kemudian dicarikan solusinya. Pertimbangan yang dapat merubah hukum ‘iddah dan ihdad ketika berbenturan dengan masalah wanita karir adalah pertimbangan hajat dan d}arurat mengingat efektifitas hajat dan d}arurat sehingga penyelesaian hukum ‘iddah dan ihdad bagi wanita karir dapat dikatakan lebih aplikatif, efektif dan humanis untuk era kekinian dengan pertimbangan hajat dan darurat. Tulisan ini akan mengkaji tentang ‘Iddah dan Ihdad Bagi Wanita Karir melalui kacamata maqasid ash-Shari’ah sehingga konsep fiqh masih dapat diaplikasikan di era kekinian tanpa meniadakan hak-hak individu dan sosial.Kata Kunci: ‘Iddah, Ihdad, Wanita KarirÂ
PEMIKIRAN YUSUF QARDAWI DAN ‘ABDUL ‘AZIZ BIN BAZ TENTANG BANK KONVENSIONAL (Studi Komparatif Tentang Sistem, Hukum Bekerja, dan Gaji)
Get PDFThinking between Yu>suf Qard}a>wi> and 'Abdul' Azi>z bin Baz about conventional banking system, namely Yu>suf Qard}a>wi> stating that not all transactions in conventional banking contain usury, while 'Abdul' Azi>z bin Baz stated otherwise that all transactions in conventional banks contain usury. Equation thought Yu>suf Qard}a>wi> and 'Abdul' Azi>z bin Baz compose their thoughts about the law departed from the conventional banks with the same base, namely that it is prohibited or forbidden usury. The difference is thought Yu>suf Qard}a>wi> assume that the existing systems and transactions in conventional banking is not entirely contain usury, because there are many transactions in conventional banks is lawful, good and there is no prohibition therein. As for working there for the world to be allowed because banks are not controlled by the non-Muslims, not all jobs or transactions in conventional banking classified as usury, a job as a bank clerk forced to accept because of the urgent necessities of life. While the idea of 'Abdul' Azi>z bin Baz assume the contrary that all systems, transactions and jobs that exist in conventional banks is usury, because it helps them participate in sin and transgression. As for the salary earned from working in a conventional bank according to Yu>suf Qard}a>wi> is allowed while according to 'Abdul' Azi>z bin Baz should not be or forbade
SISTEM BISNIS INTERNET UANGRECEH.COM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
No full textIn one affiliate internet business which is a much loved community service or service to connect advertisers with the person who advertise something (advertiser). One affiliate business in Indonesia is an Internet business Uangreceh. com (ODAP: Online-based Data Assignment Program). The way it works is very simple and the same as the affiliate business in general, ie connecting seseorangdengan advertiser, and is directly affiliate will earn a commission on the services. The focus of this paper is on the Implementation of the commission in the Internet Business Uangreceh.com, testimonials on the internet about Uangreceh.com and Implementation provision of guidance to members who have difficulty conducting business Uangreceh.com. The author concludes that the implementation of the commission in the Internet business Uangreceh.com happen obscurity (gharar) in granting commissions. The writing testimonials excessive and does not correspond to the real situation in the Internet business by members Uangreceh. com is not in accordance with the concept of honesty and violate Islamic law. Mentoring by other members that are not explained in advance by the Uangreceh. Com, according to Islamic law can not be justified because there is an element of uncertainty which is not in accordance with the concept of contract in Islamic law
PERSEWAAN INTERNET DENGAN SISTEM ZMART BILLING PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
No full textThe role of internet cafes is very large as the digital divide. Through internet cafes, people can easily access the Internet without having to purchase hardware. Internet cafes services utilization in Islam is a form of contract ijara>h. The proliferation of internet cafes, of course, the greater the competition between businesses. Dian_net in operations using the system "zmart billing". Zmart Billing system is an application in the transaction using the username and password written on a piece of paper with the active period of 3 days. Zmart billing price discriminate students and the public. This difference is not a problem because there has been a mutual willingly among the perpetrators. Internet station with Zmart billing system in Dian_Net has qualified pillar rental contract according to Islamic law (contract ijara>h). Nevertheless, there are still users of Internet services in Dian_Net, especially new users, they do not know Zmart billing system for billing Zmart system is different from the other internet cafes surrounding environment
Kekerasan Yang Dilakukan Oleh Front Pembela Islam Di Dengok Kandangsemangkon Paciran Lamongan Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam
Get PDFAbstract: This article discusses the violence conducted by the Islamic Defender Front in Dengok Kandangsemangkon village -Paciran- Lamongan. Violence committed by the members of FPI in Dengok Kandangsemangkon village is in the form of persecutions. It has fulfilled the elements that exist in Islamic criminal law which classified the criminal act on other than the soul. The violations which done are cutting ears, beating on back, wounding head and cheeks. In the Islamic criminal law of mass violence causing injury other people is not directly regulated, but it can be qualified as persecution of jarîmah conducted by more than one person. In this case, the perpetrator can be punished by qishâsh. However if he is forgiven by the family, it can be replaced by diyat. Indirect actor in this case is sentenced by ta’zir based on judge’s decition.
Keywords: Violence, Islamic Defenders Front, Islamic Criminal Law.
Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang kekerasan yang dilakukan Front Pembela Islam di dusun Dengok Desa Kandangsemangkon Kecamatan Paciran Kabupaten Lamongan. Kekerasan yang dilakukan oleh anggota FPI yang ada di Dusun Dengok Desa Kandangsemangkon adalah berupa penganiayaan-penganiayaan. Hal ini telah memenuhi unsur-unsur yang ada pada hukum pidana Islam yang digolongkan pada tindak pidana atas selain jiwa. Adapun yang dilakukan antara lain adalah pemotongan telinga, pemukulan mengenai punggung, pelukaan pada kepala dan pipi. Dalam hukum pidana Islam kekerasan massa yang mengakibatkan luka orang lain tidak diatur secara langsung, namun dapat dikualifikasikan sebagai jarîmah penganiayaan yang dilakukan secara bersama-sama, maka qishâsh dijatuhkan atas pelaku aktif, yaitu pelaku langsung, jika dimaafkan bisa diganti diyat. Pelaku tidak langsung dalam hal ini dijatuhi hukuman ta’zir yang diserahkan kepada hakim.
Kata Kunci: Kekerasan, Front Pembela Islam, hukum pidana Islam
Perlindungan Hukum bagi Perempuan Korban ‎Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga Perspektif Hukum ‎Islam
Get PDFAbstract: This article discusses the legal protection for women-victims of domestic violence within the perspective of Islamic law. Legal protection for women-victims of domestic violence is clearly regulated in Law No. 23 of 2004. It should be recognized that the presence of the law is to open a way for unfolding of domestic violence and to safeguard the civil rights of victims, where it was previously considered as a private area that no one outside the household environment entries. On the perspective of Islamic law, legal protection in the Law number 23 of 2004 has been consistent with the objectives of shariah. It is to enforce Islamic law to gain the pleasure of Allah. In this context, husband and wife should complement each other and work together in building a harmonious household.Keywords: Legal protection, victims, domestic violence, Islamic law. Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang perlindungan hukum bagi perempuan korban kekerasan dalam rumah tangga perspektif hukum Islam. Perlindungan hukum bagi perempuan korban kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT) diatur dalam undang-undang nomor 23 tahun 2004 (UUPKDRT), harus diakui kehadirannya membuka jalan bagi terungkapnya kasus KDRT dan upaya perlindungan hak-hak korban, yang pada awalnya KDRT dianggap sebagai wilayah privat yang tidak seorang pun di luar lingkungan rumah tangga dapat memasukinya. Perspektif hukum Islam, perlindungan hukum dalam Undang-Undang nomor 23 tahun 2004 (UUPKDRT) telah sesuai dengan tujuan syariah yaitu untuk menegakkan syariat Islam, menuju ridha Allah swt, suami dan istri harus saling melengkapi dan bekerja sama dalam membangun rumah tangga yang harmonis menuju derajat takwa.Kata Kunci: Perlindungan hukum, korban, kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, hukum Islam
Politik Hukum Judicial Review Ketetapan MPR
Get PDFAbstract: recent development in Indonesian constitutional law in the field of legislation indicates a legal vacuum in the review system of legislation, namely the judicial review of TAP MPR (decree of People Consultative Assembly, the highest political entity in Indonesia). Judicial review is a mechanism of legal control by the judiciary against the laws made by the legislative or executive. The principle is the implementation of the rule of law and separation of power system which is embraced by UUD 1945. The article argues the need to consider legal and political in resolving judicial review problems of TAP MPR to avoid infringement of the constitutional rights of citizens. In the legal political perspective it can be concluded that the judicial review of TAP MPR can be done by Mahkamah Konstitusi (Constitutional Court) based on amendment of the constitutional (UUD 1945) that locate the basic function of Mahkamah Konstitusi as the guardian of the constitution. The Mahkamah must take a role to fill the legal vacuum in the judicial review of TAP MPR.
Keywords: Judicial Review, TAP MPR, the legislation.
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Abstrak: Perkembangan ketatanegaraan Indonesia dewasa ini dalam ranah peraturan perundang-undangan menunjukkan adanya kekosongan hukum di dalam sistem pengujian peraturan perundang-undangan, yakni judicial review TAP MPR. Judicial review merupakan mekanisme kontrol hukum oleh lembaga yudisial terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan yang dibuat oleh lembaga legislatif maupun eksekutif. Prinsip ini merupakan implementasi dari prinsip negara hukum dan sistem pemisahan kekuasaan (separation of power) yang dianut oleh UUD 1945. Perlu ada pertimbangan politik hukum dalam menyelesaikan masalah pengujian TAP MPR ini, agar di kemudian hari tidak merugikan hak-hak konstitusional warga negara. Dalam prespektif politik hukum, judicial review TAP MPR dapat dilakukan oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi dengan mendasarkan pada perubahan kondisi ketatanegaraan pasca amandemen UUD 1945 serta fungsi dasar Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai pengawal konstitusi. Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai lembaga pengawal konstitusi harus berani mengambil peran untuk mengisi kekosongan hukum dalam pengujian TAP MPR.
Kata Kunci: judicial review, TAP MPR, peraturan perundang-undangan