Jurnal Online Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum (UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya)
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Between Work and Family: Multiple Role Strategies of Career Women in Sultan Agung Islamic University
Get PDFCareer women have their own challenges to manage interests between work and family. However, not all career women are able to answer the demands to execute these two interests optimally. This paper aims to see what is behind the dual role of career women at Sultan Agung Islamic University and how they negotiate these two interests. This study is an empirical study using a gender approach. This paper finds that the dominant factors that place them in a dual role are economics and self-existence. Therefore, the negotiation process by establishing communication and cooperation in the household is the main thing. This strategy has an important impact on how the power of mutual trust and an attitude of responsibility is built in husband and wife relationships. In this position, the dual role chosen by career women does not further corner her position as a woman, but instead strengthens her position as the key holder of harmonious and stable relationships in the household
Choosing Friends to Help a Victim of Domestic Violence in Surabaya
Get PDFState actors and non-State actors have an important role and contribution to solving acts of domestic violence. These actors are given space through Law No. 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence. Legal protection and human rights are the main points for victims of domestic violence in protecting their dignity and dignity as human beings. Victims of domestic violence have the option to resolve it through both State and non-State actors, they seem comfortable with their choice of friends in resolving these acts of domestic violence. This article uses ethnographic methodology by observing the behavior, knowledge, beliefs, network of friends, and culture of the selection process for solving domestic violence in the city of Surabaya. This article is derived from data collected through documentation, semi-participant observation, and interactive dialogue. Friends as an institution where to complain, and seek resolution has been chosen by victims of domestic violence. They consider that friends play an important role as a preliminary institution rather than other actors such as nuclear relatives, police and courts who are State and other non-State actors
Implikasi Kriteria Neo-Mabims Pada Penentuan 1 Dzulhijjah 1443 H (Studi Kritis Konsep Matla’ dalam Hadis)
No full textAbstract: Mabims criteria that have been implemented in Indonesia since Ramadan 1443 Hijriyah have become a new discourse. The criteria for the minimum height of the hilal of 3 degrees and elongation of 6.4 degrees annul the previous criteria, namely the minimum height of the hilal of 2 degrees, elongation of 3 degrees and hilal mucus for 8 hours. This change became a new problem considering that on 29 Dhulqa'dah 1443 H all regions in Indonesia had not yet reached the latest Imkanur rukyah MABIMS criteria. Therefore, this research was conducted aiming to find out the implications of the latest MABIMS criteria on the determination of 1 Dhulhijjah 1443 H with the analysis of Ma'anil Hadith related to Matla' as the theoretical basis used. Using qualitative research methods with data collection by library research. This data is both primary and secondary to be analyzed by interconnecting the theory of ma'anil hadith with the conception of the visibility of the new moon in the latest MABIMS criteria. The results of this study illustrate that the difference in matla' has emerged since the time of the Companions as in the hadith narrated by Kuraib and this becomes the basis for the possibility of different days for certain regions on Earth, as in Saudi Arabia which performs wukuf in Arafah and Eid al-Adha is different from in Indonesia. Of course this is not the first time in Indonesia, but potential conflicts and theoretical weaknesses must be resolved for the common good.
Keywords: Neo-Mabims Criteria, Matla', Ma'anil Hadith
Abstrak: Kriteria MABIMS yang telah diterapkan di Indonesia sejak Ramadhan 1443 Hijriyah menjadi wacana baru. Kriteria dengan tinggi hilal minimal 3 derajat dan elongasi 6,4 derajat, merubah kriteria sebelumnya yaitu tinggi hilal minimal 2 derajat, elongasi 3 derajat dan umur hilal 8 jam. Perubahan ini menjadi masalah baru mengingat pada tanggal 29 Dzulqa'dah 1443 H seluruh wilayah di Indonesia belum mencapai kriteria MABIMS Imkanur Rukyah Baru. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui implikasi kriteria Neo-MABIMS Baru terhadap penentuan 1 Dzulhijjah 1443 H dengan analisis Ma'anil Hadits terkait Matla' sebagai dasar teori yang digunakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data berupa studi pustaka. Data ini bersifat primer dan sekunder untuk dianalisis dengan menghubungkan teori ma'anil hadits dengan konsepsi visibilitas hilal dalam kriteria Neo-MABIMS. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa perbedaan matla' telah muncul sejak zaman para sahabat seperti dalam hadits yang diriwayatkan oleh Kuraib dan ini menjadi dasar kemungkinan hari yang berbeda untuk wilayah tertentu di Bumi, seperti di Arab Saudi yang melakukan wukuf di Arafah dan Idul Adha berbeda dengan di Indonesia. Tentu ini bukan pertama kalinya di Indonesia, tetapi potensi konflik dan kelemahan teoritis harus diselesaikan untuk kebaikan bersama.
Kata Kunci: Kriteria Neo-Mabims, Matla’, Ma’anil Hadi
Tinjauan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 dan KHI Terhadap Praktik Peminangan Adat Minangkabau
Get PDFThis paper aims to find out how Law No. 1 of 1974 and KHI view the Minangkabau Traditional Engagement Practice. This is based on the behavior and opinions of some people who are pro and contra to this engagement practice. The author finds that these two attitudes seem to contradict each other and are sometimes in line with the applicable law. Where the pro opinion tends to the order of community life based on applicable customary law, while the contra opinion tends to the UUP and KHI whose regulations are sometimes not in line with Minangkabau customary rules. This research is expected to provide an understanding of the legal dualism of Minangkabau customary engagement practices. This research uses a literature study with the object of research is the application of Minangkabau customary marriage practices. From this research it can be concluded that, the Minangkabau customary engagement practice uses a matrilineal system whose customary rules are not in line with KHI. However, this does not cause a decline in its existence, there are still many young people who still uphold their original culture and are not eroded by the times
Upaya Perlindungan Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HKI) terhadap Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM)
Get PDFAbstract: UMKM are one of the factors driving the country's economy. In this case, there is still a lack of government attention in protecting and prospering the fate of UMKM entrepreneurs. Protection efforts are needed to maintain the existence and originality of each product that has special value and characteristics produced by its creator through thinking called creativity. The problems raised in this journal discuss how efforts or forms of HKI protection in Indonesia for UMKM, especially in the creative industry, how efforts are made to apply HKI to UMKM, and what are the procedures for registering a product or service into HKI as a form of protecting the results of one's creativity towards his creation. The writing of this article uses normative juridical research methods. The research specification uses descriptive analysis. This journal uses qualitative data analysis processing techniques. It is concluded from the results of the study that HKI protection efforts are needed for every form of work produced by UMKM entrepreneurs where the work has a high selling value. The role of the government as a policy maker, especially in controlling the economic sector, is to pay attention both in terms of socialization and assistance to UMKM in obtaining HKI certificates, with the aim that if a violation is committed by someone, they can take legal action, namely penalties.
Keywords: Legal Protection, HKI, UMKM
Abstrak: UMKM menjadi salah satu faktor dari penggerak perekonomian Negara. Dalam hal ini masih kurangnya perhatian pemerintah dalam melindungi dan mensejahterakan nasib pengusaha UMKM. Dibutuhkan upaya perlindungan dalam menjaga eksistensi dan juga keorsinalitas dari setiap produk yang punya nilai dan ciri khas khusus yang dihasilkan penciptanya melalui olah pikir yang disebut kreatifitas. Permasalahan yang diangkat dalam jurnal ini membahas mengenai bagaimana upaya ataupun bentuk perlindungan HKI di Indonesia terhadap UMKM khususnya dalam industry kreatif, bagaimana upaya dalam penerapan HKI terhadap UMKM, serta bagaimana prosedur dalam pendaftaran suatu produk atau jasa ke dalam HKI sebagai bentuk dalam melindungi hasil kreatifitas seseorang terhadap hasil ciptaanya. Penulisan artikel ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normative. Spesifikasi penelitiannya menggunakan deskriptif analisis. Jurnal ini menggunakan teknik pengolahan analisis data secara kualitatif. Disimpulkan dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan upaya perlindungan HKI diperlukan terhadap setiap bentuk karya-karya yang dihasilkan pengusaha UMKM dimana hasil karya tersebut mempunyai nilai jual yang tinggi. Peran pemerintah sebagai pembuat kebijakan khususnya dalam pengendalian sektor perekonomian yaitu memberikan perhatian baik dalam hal sosialisasi serta pendampingan terhadap UMKM dalam memperoleh sertifikat HKI, bertujuan apabila pelanggaran dilakukan oleh seseorang dapat menempuh jalur hukum yaitu penuntutan.
Kata Kunci: Perlindungan Hukum, HKI, UMK
Kepastian Hukum, Kemanfaatan dan Keadilan Pemidanaan Kejahatan Asal Usul Perkawinan (Analisis Putusan No. 387/Pid.B/2021/PN.Jmb)
Get PDFAbstract: The essence of the purpose of law to realize certainty, expediency, and justice. The rule of law is created not only of juridical value, but also of philosophical and sociological value. This study examines the decision of the Jambi Disterict Court No. 387/Pid.B/2021/PN.Jmb which imposes imprisonment on polygamous perpetrators without the wife's and court's permission. The typology of research is in the form of normative legal research on the object of the study of legal principles with a case approach. This decision implies a conflict of legal certainty with the principle of justice and the usefulness of the law in relation to the position of the convict. Ideally, the punishment of the accused is accompanied by restitution by considering restorative justice, which is not only concerned with punishment and deterrence but also considers the protection of the victim’s family.
Keywords: Legal Principles, Court Decisions, Marriage Crime, Illegal Polygamy
Buku Pedoman Praktis Menuju Keluarga Sakinah sebagai Acuan Pembentukan Keluarga Sakinah
Get PDFThis paper aims to examine the book "Practical Guidelines Towards Sakinah Families" and "Guidelines Towards Islamic Households", which are guidelines for premarital courses regarding importance and effectiveness of marriage. The results of this study explain that the book "Practical Guide to a Sakinah Family" and "Guidelines to an Islamic Household" contain various marriage concepts complemented by verses from the Qur'an, hadith and multiple invocations. This content has observed fiqh because it summarises the books of Fath al-Izar, Fath al-Bari and Fath al-Mu'in. However, the content of both of them differs from the Compilation of Islamic Law in several respects, for example, related to balancing the husband and wife’s position. This is because the Compilation of Islamic Law is not a reference source in two guidelines. Even so, both lead to the same aim, which is forming a sakinah family. Therefore, there is a need for further studies related to the adequacy and appropriateness of the material presented and its sources, as well as the synergy between premarital activities tutors and KUA in implementing premarital guidance to obtain maximum results.
Abstrak: Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dari buku “Pedoman Praktis Menuju Keluarga Sakinah” dan buku “Tuntunan Menuju Rumah Tangga Islami” yang menjadi panduan dalam kegiatan mengaji pranikah, bak dari segi substansi ataupun efektifitasnya. Hasil dari penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa buku “Pedoman Praktis Menuju Keluarga Sakinah” dan buku “Tuntunan Menuju Rumah Tangga Islami” memuat berbagai konsep mengenai pernikahan yang dilengkapi dengan ayat Alqur’an, hadis dan berbagai do’a. Muatan tersebut sudah sesuai dengan fikih karena merupakan rangkuman dari kitab Fath} al-Iza>r, Fath} al-Ba>ri> dan Fath} al-Mu’i>n. Akan tetapi, muatan keduanya tidak sesuai dengan Kompilasi Hukum Islam dalam beberapa hal, misalnya terkait konsep keseimbangan kedudukan suami dan istri. Hal ini tidak lain karena Kompilasi Hukum Islam bukan merupakan sumber rujukan penyusunan kedua panduan tersebut. Meskipun begitu, keduanya sama-sama bermuara pada pembentukan keluarga sakinah. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya kajian lebih lanjut terkait kecukupan dan kesesuaian materi yang disampaikan beserta sumbernya serta adanya sinergitas antara guru pembimbing mengaji pranikah dengan pihak KUA dalam pelaksanaan bimbingan pranikah agar mendapatkan hasil yang lebih maksimal.
Analisis Maqasid al-Shariah Terhadap Pendapat Nasir Abdullah al-Maiman tentang Pernikahan Craniopagus
Get PDFCraniopagus marriage (conjoined twins attached to the head) provokes a problem in marriage and household relations. It is where two siblings should be in a relationship with each partner, with their respective rights and obligations limited by the conjoined twins. Nasir 'Abdullah al-Maiman examines this in his profound judgment on marriage law. From his thought came out the statement that this Craniopagus marriage could still be carried out provided that all the conditions and pillars of the marriage were perfected because as long as both were fulfilled, the marriage remained valid. Even though they are physically limited (in this case, when conjoined twins carry out their obligations as husband and wife, for example, when providing sexual services). But Nasir still gave additional special conditions, namely maintaining aurot and things that were not permissible for his conjoined twins if another sibling had a conjugal relationship with the husband/wife. The study of maqasid al-shari'ah also supports this opinion that humans have the right to protect their offspring by applying hifz al-nasl (Protecting offspring).
Abstrak: Pernikahan Craniopagus (kembar siam dempet di kepala) merupakan sebuah permasalahan dalam jalinan pernikahan dan ke-rumahtangga-an, bagaimana tidak, dua orang saudara yang seharusnya menjalin hubungan dengan masing-masing pasangan dengan hak dan kewajiban masing-masing dibatasi dengan dempetnya kembar siam, hal inilah yang dikaji oleh Nasir ‘Abdullah al-Maiman dalam menghukumi lebih dalam tetang hukum pernikahannya. Dari sebuah pemikirannya keluarlah statemen bahwa pernikahan Craniopagus ini tetap boleh dilaksanakan dengan catatan semua syarat dan rukun pernikahannya tetap disempurnakan, karena selama keduanya terpenuhi maka nikah tetap sah. Walaupun dengan fisik terbatas (dalam hal ini ketika kembar siam melaksanakan kewajibannya sebagai suami maupun istri, misal ketika memberi pelayanan seksualitas). Tetapi Nasir tetap memberi tambahan syarat khusus yakni tetap menjaga aurot dan hal yang tidak diperbolehkan bagi si saudara kembar siamnya apabila saudara yang lainnya melakukan hubungan suami istri dengan sang suami/istrinya. Pendapat ini juga didukung dengan kajian maqasid al-shari’ah bahwa manusia mempunyai hak untuk dijaga kelangsungan keturunannya sebagai aplikasi dari hifz al-nasl (Menjaga keturunan).
Ragam dan Perkembangan Penegakan Hukum di Indonesia Pasca Reformasi
Get PDFOne of the important principles in a democratic country is the creation of independent and impartial law enforcement. This principle must always be maintained as an effort to protect human rights and to create and place law as the supreme commander of the state. This article on the variety and development of law enforcement in Indonesia will try to provide an overview and portrait of law enforcement in Indonesia that has been running so far. In order to provide a repertoire of legal improvements in Indonesia, the author will provide limitations on law enforcement, especially since the reformation to date. In this study, the authors used normative legal research methods with statutory, conceptual and case approaches. The results of the study state that various legal products in Indonesia are always present in order to complement and improve the components of law enforcement in Indonesia. In addition, the presence of the Constitutional Court as a style of constitutional interpreter also provides a new color through various kinds of decisions
Political Culture of Madurese Community in Marriage Law: from the Perspective of Utilitarianism and Structuration Theories and Maqasidi Interpretation
Get PDFThis research delves into marriage law of Madurese community seen from the purview of its culture and nature. The practice of such marriage contravenes the formal restrictions of the legislation concerning marriage as ruled by the state. Several facts show that some marriage norms were spoiled, sparking the popularity of sirri (unregistered) marriage which further leads to istbat nikah and underage marriage that triggers an exemption. This research employed a qualitative method by garnering information from the judges of a religious court, kiai (a respected and religious Javanese expert in Islam), and the members of the public. The primary data were collected from data on unregistered marriage and exemption in marriage. The data were reductively analyzed, discovering that, first, the political culture of the marriage in Madurese community is captured in a particular pattern: 1) political administration is a measure taken to manipulate the administrative process; 2) political prevention is defined as a legal objective (maslahah, avoiding the likelihood of sharia violations with the basis of hifdz an-nasb) which is a milestone of a legal politics referred to by people, 3) political family and political culture were shaped by the people’s view believing that securing familial relationships from breaking is far more important than what the legislation regulates, 4) political authority represents the presence of a kiai that works like a shield and an escape thoroughfare from the law of the state for the sake of the tradition; second, 1) from the aspect of utilitarianism, there is a point at which political culture of Madurese community and justice meet, 2) the structuration theory views political culture in Madurese community as inevitability, involving religious roles, public, and legal materials, and 3) within maqasidi scope, a law enforcement is seen as preventive (dar’u al-mafasid) as congruent with the aspect of lawmaking objective.