Jurnal Online Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum (UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya)
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Hukum Akad Bahaupan di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 pada Kota Banjarmasin Perspektif Mazhab Hanafi dengan Mazhab Syafi’i
Full text linkAbstract: During the COVID-19 pandemic, many economic obstacles were inevitable in the Banjarmasin City area of South Kalimantan province. Various efforts are made to maintain the course of the economy in this region, and all strategies are implemented. However, one contract system can still survive, namely the Bahaupan contract system, owned by Banjar community in Banjarmasin. This is empirical research with a legal sociology approach through observation media and direct interviews with economic entrepreneurs during the COVID-19 pandemic. As for some of the results found, the Bahaupan contract can still be used during the pandemic; entrepreneurs use the latest ways to manage their businesses during the Pandemic and still always increase caution in carrying out economic activities.
Keywords: Jurisprudence; Bahaupan Contract System; Covid-19
Abstrak: Di masa pandemi Covid-19 banyak sekali terjadi kendala dalam perekonomian, tidak terelakkan juga pada wilayah Kota Banjarmasin Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Berbagai upaya dilakukan untuk mempertahankan jalannya perekonomian di wilayah ini semua strategi dijalankan. Akan tetapi, tampaknya masih ada satu sistem akad yang masih dapat bertahan, yaitu sistem akad Bahaupan yang merupakan sistem akad yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat Banjar di Kota Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini bersifat penelitian empiris dengan pendekatan sosilogi hukum, melalui media observasi dan wawancara langsung di lapangan kepada para pengusaha ekonomi dimasa pandemi Covid-19. Adapun beberapa hasil yang ditemukan adalah akad Bahaupan masih bisa digunakan di masa Pandemi, para pengusaha menggunakan cara-cara terbaru dalam mengelola usahannya di masa Pandemi, dan tetap selalu meningkatkan kehati-hatian dalam melangsungkan kegiatan perekonomian.
Kata Kunci: Hukum; Akad Bahaupan; Covid-19
Tinjauan Shirkah Terhadap Sistem Pay Per Click (PPC) Pada Google Adsense Dan Facebook
Full text linkAbstract: This research was conducted to determine the Pay Per Click (PPC) system in collaboration between Google AdSense and Facebook from a Shirkah perspective. This research is field research, with data collection using interviews, observation, and literature review by explaining how the Pay Per Click (PPC) system works in collaboration with Google AdSense and Facebook and then analyzing it according to Islamic law. The results of this study indicate that websites or blogs create Facebook fan page accounts which publishers carry out to promote posting website links or blog links to be accepted as Google AdSense cooperation partners. Ad services will appear randomly to have generated dollars if someone clicks on the ad. The author views the contract between the two parties as valid. However, the advertising services that are displayed randomly contain mutashabihat or ambiguous matters. Because Google itself has many AdWords partners from many types of companies. If publishers can guarantee the appearance of advertising services on their websites or blogs with good educational advertisements, then this collaboration will have no significant problems. If not, the publishers have the role of spreading evil because they have helped the advertisements displayed by Google.
Keywords: Pay Per Click, Google AdSense, Facebook, Shirkah
Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui sistem Pay Per Click (PPC) pada kerjasama antara Google AdSense dan Facebook dalam perspektif shirkah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan (field research), dengan pengumpulan data menggunakan metode interview, observasi, dan telaah pustaka dengan memaparkan cara kerja sistem Pay Per Click (PPC) secara nyata pada kerjasama Google AdSense dan Facebook kemudian menganilisis menurut hukum Islam. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa website atau blog membuat akun Fanpage Facebook yang dilakukan oleh publisher berfungsi mempromosikan postingan link website atau link blog untuk diterima menjadi mitra kerjasama Google AdSense. Layanan iklan akan mucul secara acak telah menghasilkan dolar jika ada yang mengklik iklan. Penulis memandang akad antara kedua belah pihak sudah sah. Namun layanan iklan yang ditampilkan secara acak tadi bermuatan hal-hal mutashabihat atau samar hukumnya. Karena pihak Google sendiri memiliki banyak mitra AdWords dari banyak jenis perusahaan. Apabila para publisher bisa menjamin untuk penampilan layanan iklan pada website atau blognya dengan iklan-iklan yang baik dan mendidik, maka tidak ada masalah yang berarti dalam kerjasama itu. Apabila tidak maka para publisher mempunyai peran penyebaran kemungkaran sebab telah membantu pengiklanan yang ditampilkan oleh pihak google.
Kata Kunci: Pay Per Click, Google AdSense, Facebook, Shirka
Inovasi Pemberdayaan Industri Kreatif Nasional Sebagai Upaya Pemulihan Perekonomian Nasional Ditinjau Berdasarkan Konsep Pentahelix
Full text linkAbstract: This study explains the pentahelix concept as a government synergy with various actors in developing innovations to empower the national creative industry to be an essential thing to implement massively in Indonesia, especially after the Covid-19 pandemic hit. The recovery of the national economy based on the pentahelix concept is a reference for the government's seriousness in alleviating the problem of social inequality. The increasing number of gaps during the Covid-19 pandemic is a challenge and a reality that the Indonesian people must face. The increase in the number of holes is exacerbated by the condition of the Indonesian people, who need more creativity and innovation, which in turn gives birth to low-quality human resources. Pentahelix terminology must touch holistically and be carried out consistently and continuously as a government work program. Therefore, the involvement of various parties is the key to recovering the national economy, especially after the Covid-19 pandemic.
Keywords: Pentahelix Concept, Creative Industry, Recovering Economy.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini menjelaskan konsep pentahelix sebagai sinergi pemerintah dengan berbagai aktor dalam rangka pengembangan inovasi pemberdayaan industri kreatif nasional menjadi hal yang bersifat penting untuk diimplementasikan secara masif di Indonesia, terutama terutama pasca pandemic covid-19 melanda. Pemulihan perekonomian nasional berdasar konsep pentahelix tersebut menjadi acuan keseriusan pemerintah mengentaskan permasalahan kesenjangan sosial. Peningkatan angka kesenjangan pada masa pandemi Covid-19 menjadi tantangan sekaligus realita yang harus dihadapi oleh bangsa Indonesia. Peningkatan angka kesenjangan diperparah dengan kondisi masyarakat Indonesia yang minim kreativitas dan inovasi yang pada akhirnya melahirkan sumber daya manusia dengan kualitas rendah. Terminologi pentahelix harus menyentuh secara holistik dan dilakukan secara konsisten dan berkesinambungan sebagai program kerja pemerintah. Oleh karena itu, keterlibatan berbagai pihak menjadi kunci pemulihan perekonomian nasional khususnya pasca pandemi Covid-19.
Kata Kunci: Konsep pentahelix, Industri Kreatif, Pemulihan Perekonomian
Analysis Of Hifz Al-Mal in Maqasid Al-Shari’ah Against the Article “Criminal Act of Corruption” In The Criminal Code of Indonesia
Full text linkseveral points in the Criminal Code (KUHP) which are considered controversial. The theme above will be broken down through several important features in the theory of maqasid al-shari'ah, namely: (1) the principle of maslahah in the rubber article of corruption; (2) reduction of criminal penalties for corruptors in the lens of hifz al-nafs; (3) corruption as an extraordinary crime vs. hifz al-mal; (4) distance the deterrent effect and benefit corruptors from the perspective of hifz al-mal; and (5) daruriyyah level for the Corruption Perception Index (CPI) in Indonesia. In this study, data were obtained through documentation techniques while still based on a deductive mindset and a descriptive-critical-analysis model. The results of the study explain that the spirit of novelty in the Criminal Code in Indonesia is directly proportional to the spirit of realizing maslahah for all components of the nation and has fulfilled the character of daruriyyah. However, there are still a few problems in the aspects of hifz al-nafs and hifz al-mal because several points of change have not fully reflected the demands of the wider community.
Key words: Corruption crime, Criminal Code, hifz al-mal, maqasid al-shari’a
Implikasi Hukum Pembebasan Narapidana Koruptor dalam Kondisi Penyebaran Covid 19 Perspektif Sosiologi Hukum
Full text linkSociologically, the corruptor's behaviour is against the function of law. Law as social control, dictates people's lives in juridical aspect. As a means of social control, the law determines ideal and deviant behaviour and stipulates legal sanctions against the deviant. This paper refers to normative legal research by conducting studies on legislation and legal theory related to existing problems. Furthermore, the study results showed that releasing prisoners to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 was not the right solution and was only temporary because the main problem was not over capacity in prisons and detention centres but instead government policies that prioritized continuous prison sentences. It encourages over-capacity even when there is a COVID-19 pandemic or not. In addition, releasing prisoners also has several impacts, such as the vulnerability of prisoners to COVID-19 in the community, the difficulty in finding a living, the increased crime rate, and so on. In short, releasing prisoners to reduce the spread of COVID-19 amid crowded prisons is a temporary solution.
Implementasi Fiqh Jinayah dalam Qanun Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam: Suatu Tinjauan Historis, Yuridis, Filosofis dan Sosiologis
Full text linkThis article describes the implementation of fiqh jinayah in the national criminal law system. The discussion focused on: (1) the existence of fiqh jinayah in Indonesia's national criminal law and (2) the implementation of fiqh jinayah in Indonesia in the Qanun of Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam. At the end of the article, it is concluded that the study of the implementation of fiqh jinayah in the Qanun NAD can be accomplished by examining the existence and implementation of several aspects. In the aspect of historical existence, fiqh jinayah has been an entity of NAD people's life for a long time, and juridically, fiqh jinayah is one of the sources of material law for the formation and renewal of national criminal law, in addition to legal recognition and regulation of fiqh jinayah. While in the implementation aspect, the application of fiqh jinayah philosophically assumes values that exist and adapt to the conditions of the Indonesian legal system. Sociologically some situations support the implementation of fiqh jinayah in the NAD Qanun; in addition, the application of fiqh jinayah has proven to be effective. as an effort to protect the community in minimizing the occurrence of crime
Kausa Penolakan Masyarakat Terhadap Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Bidang Hukum Keluarga
Full text linkThis paper discusses on how the reaction of Islamic society toward the issuance of law regulation about family law. As we know that this regulation is on the constitution No 1 Year 1974 about marriage. In this paper, the author tries to describe the points of reason, so that it arouses rejection toward the regulation. This explanation uses historical approach method, which we have to get back from the starting point of the regulation issuance and how the society's reaction toward this law regulation. The primary reason of why the society rejects some important points in the regulation is because they see that in the regulation there are articles and slauses that are against and even harmful of opposite to prevalling system in Islamic law. So does in discussing about the legislation, there are some opinions expecially for those who wants the legislation of such regulation can be applied to all of Indonesian society without offending their religions. However as the times evolve, legislating the regulation has essence to support the continuity of Islamic law within the society. The society is able to receive the regulation without reducing the existing limitations of Islamic system
THE DYNAMIC PROBLEMS OF POLYGAMY CASES IN INDONESIA:: THE SHOWCASE OF JURIDICAL AUTHORITY, IMPLEMENTATION OF CONTRA LEGEM AND FIQH ARGUMENTATIONS
Full text linkAbstract: One issue that remains a stumble block for modernization of Islamic family law is polygamy. In Indonesia, polygamy is restricted, but not completely forbidden. Husbands who have desires for polygamy should fulfill requirements before the court of justice. However, there is a tendency among judges of Islamic courts nowadays to grant permission for them to practice polygamy although not all of those husbands meet the requirements as outlined by the Marriage Law. The judges argue that according to Article 5 the Law No. 48 of 2009 concerning Judicial Authority they have the right and are obliged to deliver justice at all costs. Therefore, they grant permission for polygamy not only on the basis of the corresponding the Law No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage, but also on the authority of rechtsvinding, Islamic jurisprudence or fiqh as living law concept, and contra legem theory, a progressive implementation of legal value. Keywords: polygamy, juridical authority, contra lege
Pemenuhan Kebijakan Sektor UMKM Dan Pedagang Kaki Lima Sebagai Pekerja Sektor Informal Dalam Peningkatan Kegiatan Perekonomian Pasca Pandemi Covid-19
Full text linkAbstract: The deadly Covid-19 pandemic has spread to all corners of the world, causing the downgrade of the health sector, and economic sector, including Indonesia. Government appeals such as physical distancing, social distancing, and stay at home make people's needs decrease and cause economic turbulence, especially for MSMEs and street vendors; they are pillars of income for Indonesia. Considering that MSMEs that survive and experience an increase during the pandemic are those who can connect to the digital ecosystem, MSMEs and street vendors, together with the government, are obliged to carry out sustainable economic transformations such as innovation with the introduction of digitalization to facilitate transactions even though sellers and buyers do not meet up. Therefore as the rule of law, the government has provided convenience related to electronic business licensing for MSMEs and Street Vendors. The steps are followed with regulatory objectives Act Number 6 of 2018 about Health Quarantine although Government decree Number 21 of 2020 about Large-Scale Social Restrictions in the context of Accelerating the Handling of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) must prioritize health protocols even though it has entered the era of Adaptation of New Habits after soaring cases of covid-19. The government also presents MSME PEN Program as MSME Economic Recovery; nevertheless, policy effectiveness for affected MSMEs is more needed during this New Normal Period. Adoption of MSME Effective Restorative Policy is needed now because of the Ultra Micro Assistance movement, Love Local Products, and the Synergy of one MSME Data which is expected to be able to assist the government in implementing policy efficiency following with the realization of the value of Pancasila social justice for the whole of the people of Indonesia in the MSME Effective Restorative Policy.
Keywords: Covid-19 pandemic, Economic Transformation, Legal Protection, Revitalization of MSMEs.
Abstrak: Pandemi Covid-19 yang mematikan merebak ke seluruh penjuru dunia tentu mengakibatkan sektor kesehatan serta sektor ekonomi menjadi downgrade termasuk bagi Indonesia. Adanya himbauan pemerintah seperti physical distancing, social distancing, dan stay at home membuat daya beli masyarakat menurun dan mengakibatkan turbulensi ekonomi khususnya bagi UMKM dan Pedagang Kaki Lima yang merupakan pilar pendapatan bagi Indonesia. Mengingat UMKM yang bertahan dan mengalami peningkatan di masa pandemi adalah mereka yang dapat terhubung dengan ekosistem digital maka UMKM dan Pedagang Kaki Lima bersama Pemerintah wajib melakukan transformasi ekonomi berkelanjutan seperti inovasi disertai pengenalan digitalisasi guna memperlancar transaksi meskipun antara penjual dan pembeli tidak bertemu langsung. Oleh karena itu sebagai bentuk kepastian hukum, pemerintah telah memberikan kemudahan terkait perizinan berusaha secara elektronik bagi UMKM dan Pedagang Kaki Lima. Kemudian langkah tersebut sesuai dengan tujuan regulasi Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2018 tentang Kekarantinaan Kesehatan maupun Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 21 Tahun 2020 tentang Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar dalam rangka Percepatan Penanganan Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) yang wajib mengedepankan protokol kesehatan walaupun telah memasuki era Adaptasi Kebiasaan Baru pasca melonjaknya Covid-19. Pemerintah juga menghadirkan Program PEN UMKM sebagai Pemulihan Ekonomi UMKM namun efektivitas kebijakan bagi UMKM yang terdampak lebih dibutuhkan pada masa Adaptasi Kebiasaan baru ini. Adopsi kebijakan Restoratif Efektif UMKM diperlukan saat ini karena timbulnya gerakan Pendampingan Ultra Mikro, Cintai Produk Lokal, dan Sinergi satu Data UMKM yang diharapkan mampu membantu pemerintah dalam menerapkan efisiensi kebijakan selaras dengan terwujudnya nilai pancasila keadilan sosial bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia dalam kebijakan Restoratif Efektif UMKM.
Kata Kunci: Pandemi Covid-19, Perlindungan Hukum, Revitalisasi UMKM, Transformasi Ekonomi
Penggunaan Masker ketika Shalat Berjamaah sebagai Upaya Meminimalisir Penyebaran Covid-19 menurut Majelis Ulama Indonesia
Full text linkAbstract: This article discusses the Use of Masks During Congregational Prayers as an Effort to Minimize the Spread of Covid-19 According to the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) of Belu Regency and South Central Timor Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. This research uses a descriptive research method with a qualitative approach, where this research seeks to tell problem solving based on data in the field. Research data are collected through observation, interviews, and literature review, and then analyzed with descriptive analysis techniques. The results of the study concluded that the law on the use of masks during congregational prayers as an effort to minimize the spread of Covid-19 according to the MUI of Belu Regency and SouthCentral Timor Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, there are similarities, namely allowed and legal prayers, because there are celebrations or urgent needs that if not implemented, it is feared that the spread of the Covid-19 virus will spread. The difference is in the legal basis that is used as the legal basis, the MUI of Belu Regency makes hadith and rules of jurisprudence as the legal basis, while the MUI of South Central Timor Regency makes the Qur'an and the rules of jurisprudence as the legal basis.
Keywords: mask, prayer, law, MUI.
Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang Penggunaan Masker Ketika Shalat Berjamaah Sebagai Upaya Meminimalisir Penyebaran Covid-19 Menurut Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) Kabupaten Belu Dan Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, di mana penelitian ini berusaha untuk menuturkan pemecahan masalah berdasarkan data-data di lapangan. Data penelitian dihimpun melalui observasi, wawancara, dan telaah pustaka, dan selanjutnya dianalisis dengan teknik deskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa, hukum penggunaan masker ketika shalat berjamaah sebagai upaya meminimalisir penyebaran Covid-19 menurut MUI Kabupaten Belu dan Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan, Nusa Tenggara Timur terdapat kesamaan yaitu diperbolehkan dan sah shalatnya, sebab adanya hajat atau kebutuhan mendesak yang apabila tidak dilaksanakan maka dikhawatirkan akan tersebarnya virus Covid-19. Adapun perbedaannya terdapat dalam dasar hukum yang dijadikan sebagai landasan hukum, MUI Kabupaten Belu jadikan hadis dan kaidah fikih sebagai dasar hukum, sedangkan MUI Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan jadikan Al-qur’an dan kaidah fikih sebagai dasar hukum.
Kata Kunci: masker, shalat, hukum, MUI.