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Analytical Studies of New Azo dye and the Diminished in their Biological Activity by Complexation with Zinc
Full text linkAzo dye (1), that characterized (Z)-5-amino-2-(((4-(5-(p-tolyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) phenyl) sulfonyl) diazenyl) phenol) was prepared. Then characterized using m.p., IR, UV-visible, mass spectrum and elemental analysis (CHN). Analytical studies approved on this dye; which showed high solubility in ethanol and gave three isopiestic points, that when studying the pH effect in a range of buffer solutions. The protonation constants pKb1 and pKb2 of nitrogen atom and the ionization constant pKa of OH-group were equal to 3.4, 7.26 and 10.5 respectively. These results indicated the suggested ionization scheme in acidic and basic media. However, due to recommend the new azo dye as novel medicine or chemical sanitizer especially in dual infection. the complex of azo dye (1) with Zn was decreased the biological activity of dye
In Silico Study, Synthesis and Evaluation of Cytotoxic Activity of New Sulfonamide-Isatin Derivatives as Carbonic Anhydrase Enzyme Inhibitors
Full text linkDesign, molecular docking, synthesis and evaluation of cytotoxic activity of new compounds I, II, III and IV that have isatin-sulfonamide derivatives. For chemical synthesis, chemical compounds such as sulfonamide, 4-aminoethyl benzoate, isatin and its derivatives were used. For the docking study, the MOE software program version 2015.10 was used. And MTT assay for the prediction of cytotoxic activity. The synthesised compounds demonstrated significant inhibition of carbonic anhydrase XII activity through molecular docking and significant inhibition of cancer cell viability. Compounds II and IV show higher S-scores than acetazolamide. Also, the MTT assay shows IC50 against MCF-7 cells (0.06 µM and 0.105 µM) of compounds II and IV, respectively, when compared with IC50 0.394 µM of acetazolamide. IC50 against Hct116 cells (0.063 µM and 0.114 µM) of compounds II and IV, respectively, when compared with IC50 0.901 µM of acetazolamide. The MTT assay explains that compounds II and IV have better cytotoxic activity compared with acetazolamide. New compounds that were produced showed signs of cytotoxicity and carbonic anhydrase inhibitory qualities
Green Minds, Greener Banks: The Role of Sustainable Banking in Driving Success
Full text linkGlobalization, rapid technological improvements, customer expectations, and global economic instability have forced firms to actively pursue new methods to survive in a competitive business environment. Nowadays, businesses are putting more emphasis on intangible assets than tangible ones to improve performance. The present study examines the impact of Green Intellectual Capital (GIC), measured through Green Intellectual Capital (GIC), Green Relational Capital (GRC) and Green (GSC), on bank performance (BP). Further, sustainable banking (SB) is modelled as a mediator between GIC and BP in the banking sector. Cross-sectional data was collected from 109 employees associated with the banking sector of Pakistan. Smart PLS 4 was used to conduct statistical analysis and estimate the relationships. The empirical findings reveal that all three dimensions of GIC have a significant and positive effect on BP. The study found only one significant mediating effect of SB on the relationship between GSC and BP. Therefore, the findings suggest that SB plays a crucial role in leveraging GSC to enhance BP. Banks should prioritise investing in green IT systems and sustainable infrastructure to improve their performance. Moreover, the study recommends that banks should explore other strategies to leverage GHC and GRC to achieve better performance
What it is and Where I am: Spatial Orientation and Navigation Strategies among Visually Impaired People in Pakistan
Full text linkThe study explored spatial reference frames and navigation strategies among visually impaired people. The study focuses on the different kinds of reference frames that participants\u27 verbalised responses hint at. Through the Cognitive Discourse Analysis methodological framework (Tenbrink, 2015), we designed route description and navigation guidance tasks to collect a large set of linguistic data from 19 participants – 38 discourses. Tenbrink and Kuhn’s (2011) framework of spatial reference frames is employed to find out the nature of reference frames employed by participants during navigation tasks and to identify navigation strategies of visually impaired people. The types of reference frames identified are static external intrinsic reference frames, static external relative reference frames, static internal intrinsic reference frames and static internal relative reference frames. The findings of the study suggest better ways for the training of visually impaired people especially in the institutes of people with special needs
Effect of Deceptive Advertisements on Consumer Buying Behaviour in Personal Care Products
Full text linkThis study aimed to measure the relationship between deceptive advertisements and consumer buying behaviour with mediating effects of product satisfaction and retailer satisfaction in personal care products. The first mediation is that perceived deception affected retailer satisfaction through product satisfaction, whereas the second mediation is that perceived deception affects consumer loyalty and word of mouth through retailer satisfaction. The primary data was collected from the 384 respondents through convenience sampling based on the expectancy disconfirmation theory. PLS-SEM was applied to the data for hypothesis testing. The results of this research indicate that deceptive advertisements have a direct negative impact on product satisfaction and retailer satisfaction. Moreover, both the mediating variables (product satisfaction and retailer satisfaction) significantly affect consumer loyalty and word of mouth. However, all hypotheses were supported and substantiated with the help of the earlier studies conducted in this context and remain consistent with them. This study enriches the literature related to the effects of deceptive advertising on buying behaviour and provides the understanding that will help in reducing perceived deception. This refers to the inclusion of honesty in sales practices and the exclusion of deceptive advertising practices in online and offline retailing. Moreover, this study is also helpful for consumers in buying decision-making
As You Sow, So Shall You Reap! Making Employees Perform for Others Through Adoption of Socially Responsible Human Resource Practices and Islamic Work Ethics
Full text linkCSR has become an integral part of organisational objectives, and firms can only achieve their goals with a high level of involvement of their employees. Building on these lines, this study proposes a mechanism through which employee extra-role socially responsible behaviour can be fostered using socially responsible HRM practices. It also proposes and empirically investigates the mediation of pro-social motivation and the moderation of Islamic work ethics. The data for the current study were collected from 325 employees working in various organisations. The statistical analysis revealed that SRHRM is positively and directly related to extra-role socially responsible behaviour of employees, while the partial mediation also exists through pro-social motivation. It is also evident that the relationship between SRHRM and pro-social motivation is stronger for those individuals who have a high level of socially responsible consciousness in the form of values. Future directions and implications of the study are also given
Adoption, Challenges, and Technology-Driven Solutions for Computer-Assisted Language Learning in Higher Education: Enhancing EFL Instructions
Full text linkThis study investigated how English language teachers use computer-assisted language learning and described the reasons behind the adoption and avoidance of computer-assisted language learning in their practices. A mixed method approach was utilized using both qualitative and quantitative data to describe the current practices on the use of ICT in the higher educational context. Data were collected through interviews from teachers for qualitative insights and a survey questionnaire was employed to gather quantitative data from 200 higher education classroom teachers. Results of the study revealed that computer-assisted language learning in higher education classrooms in Karachi was limited, with teachers often using technology for basic tasks like multimedia presentations and searching content related to course outlines. Factors such as age, gender, digital literacy and prior training in ICT were significantly linked with the use of technology. Teachers who were younger and trained in ICT display greater adoption of ICT. The challenges in ICT adoption included infrastructural limitations, lack of formal training, and resistance to change. Despite the barriers, teachers exhibited positive attitudes towards the use of technology for English language learning. The research highlights the transformative potential of technology in language learning and teaching
Linking Performance-Appraisal Dynamics to Workforce Outcomes: Empirical Insights from Pakistan’s Banking Sector
Full text linkThis study investigates how four elements of formal performance appraisal—perceived fairness, rating accuracy, relationship quality with peers and supervisors, and overall appraisal satisfaction—affect employee performance in Pakistan’s banking sector. Survey data from 293 bankers (34 % women) were analysed using ordinary-least-squares regression. Perceived fairness, accuracy, and satisfaction each showed positive, significant effects on performance, whereas relationship quality did not when the other factors were controlled. These findings highlight that transparent, accurate, and satisfying appraisal systems drive superior performance more than interpersonal rapport alone. For practice, HR managers should prioritise rater-training that embeds procedural justice, data-based accuracy checks, and clear reward communication. Theoretically, the results suggest relationship variables may influence performance only indirectly when robust appraisal mechanisms are in place, warranting longitudinal research with objective metrics to clarify causal pathways
Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Anxiety and Impulsivity in ATS Users: Insights from Pakistani Rehabilitation Context
Full text linkAmphetamine Type Stimulant (ATS) users frequently exhibit elevated levels of impulsivity and anxiety, which are significant contributors to relapse and poor treatment outcomes. In Pakistan, the increasing use of amphetamine type stimulants highlights the immediate need for impactful psychological intervention addressing these psychological factors. The purpose of the study was to assess the effectiveness of mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) in reducing anxiety and impulsivity among ATS users. A quasi-experimental design was utilised with 30 participants from the rehabilitation centres in Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Participants were assigned to two distinct groups: an experimental group (n=15) receiving 2-hour MBRP sessions and a control group (n=15) receiving treatment as usual (TAU). Data were collected using the Short UPPS-P Impulsive Scale and Beck Anxiety Inventory. An independent sample t-test was executed to assess the differences between the two groups. The findings indicated that MBRP significantly reduce impulsivity and anxiety. However, further studies with larger and more diverse populations are necessary to enhance the generalizability of these results
Comparison between Fitbit’s Charge HR and Microlife’s Wrist Watch for Healthcare
Full text linkIn this study, two commercially available pulse rate monitoring wrist watches, the Fitbit’s Charge HR and the Microlife’s wrist watch, are compared for testing under a number of controlled situations, including resting and post-physical activity. This study is driven by known variability in wearable heart-rate sensing caused by motion artifacts, sensor location, and physiological variances, as described in previous validation studies, rather than assuming measurement errors. Therefore, the absence of context-specific comparative assessments of consumer-grade pulse monitoring devices among local populations and real-world usage situations is the research gap that this study attempts to fill. This study attempts to quantify accuracy discrepancies, uncover scenario-dependent performance variances, and give empirical evidence to support these findings by methodically comparing Fitbi’s Charge HR and Microlife’s wrist watch readings against standardized reference values. Accuracy is measured by testing strategies, testing strategies which are used in this research work are Black-box testing. Black-box testing methods include both hardware testing and software testing