Revista Científica Arbitrada de Investigación en Comunicación, Marketing y Empresa
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Análisis de las Exportaciones de Nueva Zelanda hacia sus socios comerciales través del modelo gravitacional durante el periodo 2004 – 2022
Get PDFThe objective of this work was to estimate a gravity model for New Zealand exports during the period 2004-2022 in order to establish the influence of economic and commercial variables, both internal and external, on the trade flow subject to study for the ten most important importing countries of that country's economy, which are: China, Australia, the United States, the United Kingdom, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, South Korea and Japan. The type of research is quantitative, descriptive and correlational in scope using macroeconomic aggregates in nominal terms and variables of the external sector, with secondary primary information sources. Among the findings is the fact that a 1% increase in New Zealand's GDP often leads to a decline in exports, which could be interpreted as a robust domestic economy absorbing more goods or as a shift in diversification of industries. exports to other international markets. On the other hand, economic growth in trading partner countries generally increases New Zealand's exports, highlighting these countries' demand for New Zealand products. It is concluded that the importance of understanding the interaction between the local economy and global markets and how economic growth, together with distance and diplomatic relations, shapes the landscape of international trade. As New Zealand seeks to expand its global market presence, these findings offer valuable insights for formulating effective business strategies and promoting inclusive and sustainable economic growth.
Keywords: Gravitational model, exports, partners, severity, GDP.El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo estimar un modelo gravitacional para las exportaciones de Nueva Zelanda durante el periodo 2004-2022 con el fin establecer la influencia de las variables económicas y comerciales, tanto internas como externas, en el flujo comercial sujeto a estudio para los diez países importadores más importantes de la economía de aquel país, los cuales son: China, Australia, Estados Unidos, Reino Unido, Tailandia, Malasia, Singapur, Indonesia, Corea del Sur y Japón. El tipo de investigación es cuantitativo, descriptivo y de alcance correlacional utilizando agregados macroeconómicos en términos nominales y variables del sector externo, con fuentes de información primaria. Entre los hallazgos está el hecho de que aumento del 1% en el PIB de Nueva Zelanda a menudo conduce a una disminución en las exportaciones, lo que podría interpretarse como una economía interna robusta que absorbe más bienes o como un cambio en la diversificación de las exportaciones hacia otros mercados internacionales. Por otro lado, el crecimiento económico de los países socios comerciales generalmente aumenta las exportaciones de Nueva Zelanda, destacando la demanda de estos países por los productos neozelandeses. Se concluye que la importancia de comprender la interacción entre la economía local y los mercados globales y cómo el crecimiento económico, junto con la distancia y las relaciones diplomáticas, configura el panorama del comercio internacional. A medida que Nueva Zelanda busca expandir su presencia en el mercado mundial, estos hallazgos ofrecen perspectivas valiosas para la formulación de estrategias comerciales efectivas y para promover un crecimiento económico inclusivo y sostenible.
Palabras claves: Modelo gravitacional, exportaciones, socios, gravedad, PIB.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this work was to estimate a gravity model for New Zealand exports during the period 2004-2022 in order to establish the influence of economic and commercial variables, both internal and external, on the trade flow subject to study for the ten most important importing countries of that country's economy, which are: China, Australia, the United States, the United Kingdom, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, South Korea and Japan. The type of research is quantitative, descriptive and correlational in scope using macroeconomic aggregates in nominal terms and variables of the external sector, with secondary primary information sources. Among the findings is the fact that a 1% increase in New Zealand's GDP often leads to a decline in exports, which could be interpreted as a robust domestic economy absorbing more goods or as a shift in diversification of industries. exports to other international markets. On the other hand, economic growth in trading partner countries generally increases New Zealand's exports, highlighting these countries' demand for New Zealand products. It is concluded that the importance of understanding the interaction between the local economy and global markets and how economic growth, together with distance and diplomatic relations, shapes the landscape of international trade. As New Zealand seeks to expand its global market presence, these findings offer valuable insights for formulating effective business strategies and promoting inclusive and sustainable economic growth.
Keywords: Gravitational model, exports, partners, severity, GDP.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 11 de marzo de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 15 de mayo de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 13 de junio de 2024
Estrategia de liderazgo como instrumento de emprendimiento en las pymes del Ecuador
Get PDFEntrepreneurship combines very diverse variables ranging from the attitude (entrepreneurial attitude) to the structural (entrepreneurial ecosystem) and should be differentiated from entrepreneurship, although its evolution indicates that from the beginning has had an economic and business connotation. The scenarios associated with the entrepreneurship of SMEs in Ecuador require increasingly competitive models to achieve optimal levels of profitability. At the forefront of the enterprises must be people capable of taking on challenges and challenges that contribute to the development and success of the company, which must become true strategists. This difference should be taken into account especially in aspects such as training, as it provides a greater possibility of exploitation entrepreneurship of people and a different orientation to the economic and business. In this order of ideas, the role of the leader in entrepreneurship is very important and therefore strategies must be generated to promote it. In the present field study, under a descriptive, non-experimental design, where an intentional sample of 25 PYMES entrepreneurs leaders was employed in Ecuador, the following conclusions were reached: a) It is necessary to develop a strategy to train the leaders of the enterprises of SMEs in Ecuador; b) The strategy must generate actions and activities to strengthen the motivational, behavioral, intellectual and work capacity areas; c) Propose the evaluation of strategy through effectiveness indicators.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Leadership, PYMES.El emprendimiento conjuga variables muy diversas que van desde lo actitudinal (actitud emprendedora) hasta lo estructural (ecosistema emprendedor) y se debe diferenciar del empresarismo, aunque su evolución indique que desde el principio ha tenido una connotación económica y empresarial. Los escenarios asociados con el emprendimiento de PYMES en Ecuador exigen modelos cada vez más competitivos para alcanzar unos niveles de rentabilidad óptimos. Al frente de los emprendimientos deben estar personas capaces de asumir retos y desafíos, que contribuyan al desarrollo y éxito de la empresa, los cuales deben convertirse en verdaderos estrategas. Esta diferencia se debe tener en cuenta sobre todo en aspectos como el formativo, ya que brinda una mayor posibilidad de aprovechamiento el emprendimiento de las personas y una orientación distinta a lo económico y empresarial. En este orden de ideas el papel del líder en los emprendimientos es muy importante y por ello se deben generar estrategias para fomentarlo. En el presente estudio de campo, bajo un diseño descriptivo, no experimental, donde se empleó una muestra intencionada de 25 líderes emprendedores de PYMES en Ecuador, se arribó a las siguientes conclusiones: a) Es necesario desarrollar una estrategia para capacitar a los líderes de los emprendimientos de las PYMES en Ecuador; b) La estrategia debe generar acciones y actividades para potenciar las áreas motivacional, del comportamiento, intelectual y de capacidad de trabajo; c) Proponer la evaluación de estrategia a través de indicadores de efectividad.
Palabras claves: Emprendimiento, Liderazgo, PYMES.
ABSTRACT
Entrepreneurship combines very diverse variables ranging from the attitude (entrepreneurial attitude) to the structural (entrepreneurial ecosystem) and should be differentiated from entrepreneurship, although its evolution indicates that from the beginning has had an economic and business connotation. The scenarios associated with the entrepreneurship of SMEs in Ecuador require increasingly competitive models to achieve optimal levels of profitability. At the forefront of the enterprises must be people capable of taking on challenges and challenges that contribute to the development and success of the company, which must become true strategists. This difference should be taken into account especially in aspects such as training, as it provides a greater possibility of exploitation entrepreneurship of people and a different orientation to the economic and business. In this order of ideas, the role of the leader in entrepreneurship is very important and therefore strategies must be generated to promote it. In the present field study, under a descriptive, non-experimental design, where an intentional sample of 25 PYMES entrepreneurs leaders was employed in Ecuador, the following conclusions were reached: a) It is necessary to develop a strategy to train the leaders of the enterprises of SMEs in Ecuador; b) The strategy must generate actions and activities to strengthen the motivational, behavioral, intellectual and work capacity areas; c) Propose the evaluation of strategy through effectiveness indicators.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Leadership, PYMES.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 17 de octubre de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 26 de diciembre de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2024
Plan de negocios para la integración de un producto turístico híbrido en Jipijapa
Get PDFIn the current context, the incorporation of technologies such as virtual reality has generated great interest in the tourism industry. The objective of the research is to design a business plan for the integration of a hybrid tourism product, with virtual reality and in-person modality in the city of Jipijapa, Ecuador. The methodology focuses on a qualitative approach, oriented towards the identification of the target population, as well as the relevant considerations for the design of the business plan of the hybrid tourism product. The results constitute a practical guide for entrepreneurs, academics and tourism professionals interested in taking advantage of the potential of virtual reality to promote sustainable development in emerging destinations, improving the tourist experience and generating economic benefits for the local community. The discussion addresses the challenges and opportunities associated with the implementation of this plan, as well as the conclusions focus on the feasibility and the expected impact in terms of the contribution to knowledge about the integration of virtual reality in the business tourism sector and the possibilities for future research.
Keywords: Cultural tourism, sustainable tourism, tourism product, virtual reality, business plan.En el contexto actual, la incorporación de tecnologías como la realidad virtual ha generado un gran interés en la industria turística. La investigación tiene por objetivo diseñar un plan de negocios para la integración de un producto turístico híbrido, con realidad virtual y modalidad presencial en la ciudad de Jipijapa, Ecuador. La metodología se centra en un enfoque cualitativo, orientado hacia la identificación de la población objetivo, así como en las consideraciones pertinentes para el diseño del plan de negocios del producto turístico hibrido. Los resultados constituyen una guía práctica para empresarios, académicos y profesionales del turismo interesados en aprovechar el potencial de la realidad virtual para impulsar el desarrollo sostenible en destinos emergentes, mejorando la experiencia del turista y generando beneficios económicos para la comunidad local. La discusión aborda los desafíos y oportunidades asociados con la implementación de este plan, así como las conclusiones se enfocan en la viabilidad y el impacto esperado en cuanto a la contribución al conocimiento sobre la integración de la realidad virtual en el sector turístico empresarial y las posibilidades para futuras investigaciones.
Palabras claves: Turismo cultural, turismo sostenible, producto turístico, realidad virtual, plan de negocios.
ABSTRACT
In the current context, the incorporation of technologies such as virtual reality has generated great interest in the tourism industry. The objective of the research is to design a business plan for the integration of a hybrid tourism product, with virtual reality and in-person modality in the city of Jipijapa, Ecuador. The methodology focuses on a qualitative approach, oriented towards the identification of the target population, as well as the relevant considerations for the design of the business plan of the hybrid tourism product. The results constitute a practical guide for entrepreneurs, academics and tourism professionals interested in taking advantage of the potential of virtual reality to promote sustainable development in emerging destinations, improving the tourist experience and generating economic benefits for the local community. The discussion addresses the challenges and opportunities associated with the implementation of this plan, as well as the conclusions focus on the feasibility and the expected impact in terms of the contribution to knowledge about the integration of virtual reality in the business tourism sector and the possibilities for future research.
Keywords: Cultural tourism, sustainable tourism, tourism product, virtual reality, business plan.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 22 de abril de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 25 de junio de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2024
Importancia de la capacitación en el desarrollo de la elaboración de sombreros de Paja Toquilla en el cantón Montecristi
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v7i14edespnov.0300
This article examines the importance of training in the production of toquilla straw hats in Montecristi, Ecuador. Montecristi is globally recognized as the birthplace of these hats, a craft tradition that represents a significant source of income for the local community. The research employs a quantitative approach based on surveys conducted with artisans, merchants, and other stakeholders involved in the toquilla straw industry. The findings highlight that most participants view training as crucial for enhancing the quality and competitiveness of the hats. The most valued areas of training include weaving techniques, design, fashion, and business management. The study concludes that training not only contributes to improving product quality and the economic sustainability of artisans but also helps preserve traditional techniques and foster the region's cultural identity.
Keywords: Local Community, Artisans, Merchants, Product Quality.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v7i14edespnov.0300
Resumen
El presente artículo analiza la importancia de la capacitación en la elaboración de sombreros de paja toquilla en el cantón Montecristi, Ecuador. Montecristi es reconocido a nivel mundial como la cuna de estos sombreros, una tradición artesanal que representa una fuente de ingresos significativa para la comunidad local. La investigación utiliza un enfoque cuantitativo basado en encuestas aplicadas a artesanos, comerciantes y otros actores involucrados en la industria de la paja toquilla. Los resultados destacan que la mayoría de los participantes considera que la capacitación es crucial para mejorar la calidad y la competitividad de los sombreros. Las áreas de formación más valoradas son técnicas de tejido, diseño, moda, y gestión empresarial. Se concluye que la capacitación no solo contribuye al mejoramiento de la calidad del producto y a la sostenibilidad económica de los artesanos, sino que también ayuda a preservar las técnicas tradicionales y a fomentar la identidad cultural de la región.
Palabras claves: Comunidad Local, Artesanos, Comerciantes, Calidad de Producto.
ABSTRACT
This article examines the importance of training in the production of toquilla straw hats in Montecristi, Ecuador. Montecristi is globally recognized as the birthplace of these hats, a craft tradition that represents a significant source of income for the local community. The research employs a quantitative approach based on surveys conducted with artisans, merchants, and other stakeholders involved in the toquilla straw industry. The findings highlight that most participants view training as crucial for enhancing the quality and competitiveness of the hats. The most valued areas of training include weaving techniques, design, fashion, and business management. The study concludes that training not only contributes to improving product quality and the economic sustainability of artisans but also helps preserve traditional techniques and foster the region's cultural identity.
Keywords: Local Community, Artisans, Merchants, Product Quality.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 19 de agosto de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 21 de octubre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 29 de noviembre de 2024
Percepción del clima organizacional por parte de docentes y estudiantes universitario: Un estudio de caso
Get PDFThe organizational climate demonstrates the behavior of collaborators in the organization, allowing the identification of the relationship of its members with: the environment, interest, satisfaction, absenteeism in their jobs. Taking into account that in the Ecuadorian higher education institution ULEAM, the absence of communication, integration and commitments among its members is evident, to respond to the needs of students in their academic performance. Therefore, the present study aims to examine the perception of teachers and students about organizational climate and its influence on the university. The applied methodology of bibliographic collection, descriptive, with a mixed approach that combines qualitative and quantitative elements. The sample consists of 60 students, which were collected through convenience sampling selection. The result of the surveys shows that the main difficulties in the work environment in the institution, 42% have a deficiency in effective communication and 35% lack motivation, on the part of their collaborators; which affects the academic performance and professional training of young university students. It is concluded that a good work environment has implications for the operation of any institution; the design and application of a proposal for organizational climate training programs is recommended.
Keywords: Organizational Climate, University students, Training, Communication.El clima organizacional demuestra el comportamiento de colaboradores en la organización, permitiendo identificar la relación de sus integrantes con: el ambiente, interés la satisfacción, absentismo en sus trabajos. Teniendo en cuenta que en la institución de educación superior del Ecuador ULEAM, se evidencia la ausencia de comunicación, integración y compromisos entre sus miembros, para responder a las necesidades de los estudiantes en su rendimiento académico. Por tanto, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo examinar la percepción de docentes y estudiantes sobre clima organizacional y su influencia en la universidad. La metodología aplicada de recolección bibliográfico, descriptivo, con un enfoque mixto que combina elementos cualitativos y cuantitativos. La muestra consta de 60 estudiantes, que se recopilaron mediante una selección de muestreo por conveniencia. Cuyo resultado de las encuestas demuestra que las principales dificultades en el clima laboral en la institución, en un 42% posee deficiencia de comunicación efectiva y 35% la motivación, de parte de sus colaboradores; lo que incide en el rendimiento académico y la formación profesional de los jóvenes universitarios. Se concluye que el buen clima laboral tiene implicancia en la operatividad de cualquier institución, se recomienda el diseño y aplicación de una propuesta de programas formación de clima organizacional.
Palabras claves: Comunicación, Clima organizacional, Capacitación, Estudiantes universitarios.
ABSTRACT
The organizational climate demonstrates the behavior of collaborators in the organization, allowing the identification of the relationship of its members with: the environment, interest, satisfaction, absenteeism in their jobs. Taking into account that in the Ecuadorian higher education institution ULEAM, the absence of communication, integration and commitments among its members is evident, to respond to the needs of students in their academic performance. Therefore, the present study aims to examine the perception of teachers and students about organizational climate and its influence on the university. The applied methodology of bibliographic collection, descriptive, with a mixed approach that combines qualitative and quantitative elements. The sample consists of 60 students, which were collected through convenience sampling selection. The result of the surveys shows that the main difficulties in the work environment in the institution, 42% have a deficiency in effective communication and 35% lack motivation, on the part of their collaborators; which affects the academic performance and professional training of young university students. It is concluded that a good work environment has implications for the operation of any institution; the design and application of a proposal for organizational climate training programs is recommended.
Keywords: Organizational Climate, University students, Training, Communication.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 19 de diciembre de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 19 de febrero de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 15 de marzo de 2024
Índice de Recomendación Net Promoter Score (NPS) en laboratorios de inyección a diésel del cantón Quevedo
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v7i14.0303
The research had the general objective of determining the Net Promoter Score (NPS) index in diesel injection laboratories in the Quevedo canton, identifying the factors that influence customer satisfaction and loyalty. The problem addressed focused on the lack of quantitative information on customer perception regarding service quality, compliance with expectations and willingness to recommend, which affects the sustainability of the sector. A quantitative methodology based on structured surveys was used, with questions related to key dimensions of the NPS such as technical quality, response times, perception of value and customer service. The data was analyzed using descriptive and correlational statistics to identify patterns and areas for improvement. The results showed that speed of service and perception of cost were the best evaluated aspects, while staff empathy and problem resolution had low rates. The overall NPS showed a moderate position, but with ample opportunities for improvement in critical areas. It was concluded that, to improve loyalty, it is essential to optimize internal processes, train staff in soft skills and better communicate the added value of the service, thus strengthening the competitiveness and sustainability of the sector.
Keywords: Customer satisfaction, Consumer loyalty, Service quality, Performance evaluation.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v7i14.0303
Resumen
La investigación tuvo como objetivo general determinar el índice Net Promoter Score (NPS) en los laboratorios de inyección a diésel del cantón Quevedo, identificando los factores que influyen en la satisfacción y lealtad del cliente. El problema abordado se centró en la falta de información cuantitativa sobre la percepción de los clientes respecto a la calidad del servicio, el cumplimiento de expectativas y la disposición a recomendar, lo que afecta la sostenibilidad del sector. Se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa basada en encuestas estructuradas, con preguntas relacionadas con dimensiones clave del NPS como calidad técnica, tiempos de respuesta, percepción de valor y atención al cliente. Los datos fueron analizados mediante estadísticas descriptivas y correlacionales para identificar patrones y áreas de mejora. Los resultados mostraron que la rapidez en la atención y la percepción del costo fueron los aspectos mejor evaluados, mientras que la empatía del personal y la resolución de problemas presentaron índices bajos. El NPS general evidenció una posición moderada, pero con amplias oportunidades de mejora en áreas críticas. Se concluyó que, para mejorar la lealtad, es imprescindible optimizar procesos internos, capacitar al personal en habilidades blandas y comunicar mejor el valor agregado del servicio, fortaleciendo así la competitividad y sostenibilidad del sector.
Palabras claves: Satisfacción del cliente, Lealtad del consumidor, Calidad del servicio, Evaluación del rendimiento.
ABSTRACT
The research had the general objective of determining the Net Promoter Score (NPS) index in diesel injection laboratories in the Quevedo canton, identifying the factors that influence customer satisfaction and loyalty. The problem addressed focused on the lack of quantitative information on customer perception regarding service quality, compliance with expectations and willingness to recommend, which affects the sustainability of the sector. A quantitative methodology based on structured surveys was used, with questions related to key dimensions of the NPS such as technical quality, response times, perception of value and customer service. The data was analyzed using descriptive and correlational statistics to identify patterns and areas for improvement. The results showed that speed of service and perception of cost were the best evaluated aspects, while staff empathy and problem resolution had low rates. The overall NPS showed a moderate position, but with ample opportunities for improvement in critical areas. It was concluded that, to improve loyalty, it is essential to optimize internal processes, train staff in soft skills and better communicate the added value of the service, thus strengthening the competitiveness and sustainability of the sector.
Keywords: Customer satisfaction, Consumer loyalty, Service quality, Performance evaluation.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 22 de abril de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 25 de junio de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2024
Procesos logísticos y sus costos en la exportación de cacao en Ecuador
Get PDFCocoa is an important element for the economy of Ecuador, together with oil and banana production they represent the first three products with the most influence on the nation's GDP. The production, process and marketing of this item entails a large value chain that plays a fundamental role in the success of delivering to the customer a product with high quality standards and complying with the legal guidelines imposed by the most demanding cocoa associations in the world. world. The objective of this research is to know the main considerations regarding the marketing processes and the costs associated with the logistics of marketing cocoa in Ecuador. The methodology used was based on the documentary bibliographic approach, where through the investigation, review and analysis of different types of bibliographic materials arranged in digital repositories and the main scientific journals such as Dialnet, Redalyc, Scielo among others, the information is presented. relevant to the case. The results highlight that although Ecuador is one of the main cocoa exporters in the region, it still presents multiple challenges in establishing satisfaction standards, especially for small producers in the region.
Keywords: Cocoa, logistics, marketing.El cacao es un importante elemento para la economía del ecuador, en conjunto con la producción petrolera y de banano representan los tres primeros productos con más influencia en el PIB de la nación. La producción, proceso y comercialización de este rubro conlleva una gran cadena de valor que juega un papel fundamental en el éxito de hacer llegar hasta el cliente un producto con altos estándares de calidad y cumpliendo con los lineamientos legales impuestos por las mas exigentes asociaciones cacaoteras del mundo. La presente investigación, tiene como objetivo conocer las principales consideraciones al respecto de los procesos de comercialización y los costos asociados a la logística de comercialización del cacao en ecuador. La metodología utilizada se basó en el enfoque bibliográfico documental, en donde por medio de la indagación, revisión y análisis de diferentes tipos de materiales bibliográficos dispuestos en repositorios digitales y de las principales revistas científicas como Dialnet, Redalyc, Scielo entre otras se presenta la información pertinente al caso. Como resultados destacan que a pesar de que el ecuador es uno de los principales exportadores de cacao de la región aun presenta múltiples desafíos para lograr establecer estándares de satisfacción sobre todo a los pequeños productores de la región.
Palabras claves: Cacao, logística, comercialización.
ABSTRACT
Cocoa is an important element for the economy of Ecuador, together with oil and banana production they represent the first three products with the most influence on the nation's GDP. The production, process and marketing of this item entails a large value chain that plays a fundamental role in the success of delivering to the customer a product with high quality standards and complying with the legal guidelines imposed by the most demanding cocoa associations in the world. world. The objective of this research is to know the main considerations regarding the marketing processes and the costs associated with the logistics of marketing cocoa in Ecuador. The methodology used was based on the documentary bibliographic approach, where through the investigation, review and analysis of different types of bibliographic materials arranged in digital repositories and the main scientific journals such as Dialnet, Redalyc, Scielo among others, the information is presented. relevant to the case. The results highlight that although Ecuador is one of the main cocoa exporters in the region, it still presents multiple challenges in establishing satisfaction standards, especially for small producers in the region.
Keywords: Cocoa, logistics, marketing
Análisis de las Exportaciones de República Dominicana hacia sus socios comerciales través del modelo gravitacional periodo 2012 – 2022
Get PDFThe objective of this work was to estimate a gravity model for the exports of the Dominican Republic in order to establish the influence of economic and commercial variables, both internal and external, on the commercial flow subject to study for the five most important importing countries of the economy of that country, which are: United States, Haiti, Switzerland, Puerto Rico and India. The type of research is quantitative, descriptive and correlational in scope using macroeconomic aggregates in nominal terms and variables from the external sector, with secondary information sources. Among the most relevant findings is the fact that the model carried out with the United States presents an R2 of 0.97, whose economy also represents 50% of foreign trade between both nations. It is concluded that a 1% increase in the GDP of the partner countries has a positive effect on the increase in exports to the Dominican Republic. This indicates that greater economic growth in these countries tends to boost exports to that country.
Keywords: Gravitational model, exports, partners, severity, GDP.El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo estimar un modelo gravitacional para las exportaciones de República Dominicana con el fin establecer la influencia de las variables económicas y comerciales, tanto internas como externas, en el flujo comercial sujeto a estudio para los cinco países importadores más importantes de la economía de aquel país, los cuales son: Estados Unidos, Haití, Suiza, Puerto Rico e India. El tipo de investigación es cuantitativo, descriptivo y de alcance correlacional utilizando agregados macroeconómicos en términos nominales y variables del sector externo, con fuentes de información secundaria. Entre los hallazgos más relevantes está el hecho de que el modelo realizado con Estados Unidos presenta un R2 del 0.97, cuya economía representa además el 50% del comercio exterior entre ambas naciones. Se concluye que ante un aumento del 1% en el PIB de los países socios tiene un efecto positivo en el incremento de las exportaciones hacia República Dominicana. Esto indica que un mayor crecimiento económico en estos países tiende a impulsar las exportaciones hacia dicho país.
Palabras claves: Modelo gravitacional, exportaciones, socios, gravedad, PIB.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this work was to estimate a gravity model for the exports of the Dominican Republic in order to establish the influence of economic and commercial variables, both internal and external, on the commercial flow subject to study for the five most important importing countries of the economy of that country, which are: United States, Haiti, Switzerland, Puerto Rico and India. The type of research is quantitative, descriptive and correlational in scope using macroeconomic aggregates in nominal terms and variables from the external sector, with secondary information sources. Among the most relevant findings is the fact that the model carried out with the United States presents an R2 of 0.97, whose economy also represents 50% of foreign trade between both nations. It is concluded that a 1% increase in the GDP of the partner countries has a positive effect on the increase in exports to the Dominican Republic. This indicates that greater economic growth in these countries tends to boost exports to that country.
Keywords: Gravitational model, exports, partners, severity, GDP.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 11 de marzo de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 15 de mayo de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 13 de junio de 2024
Bachillerato intensivo en jóvenes y adultos: Una oportunidad de cambio
Get PDFThe general objective of this research is to analyze the incidence of the Intensive Baccalaureate offer for reintegration into the educational system and improve the living conditions of Youth and Adults of the District Directorate 09D17. The methodology used was a quantitative study, descriptive and explanatory, cross-sectional and non-experimental. Theoretical methods such as hypothetical deductive methods were applied. Within the empirical methods, the survey was used. The design is field and documentary. The population was made up of 22 management teachers and 120 students. The sample was non-probabilistic. In this study, a quantitative methodology was used that included the application of indicators and parametric statistical tests to analyze the information collected from students, teaching staff and managers. The results defined the immediate interpersonal relationship, aspirations in context, the impact of social inclusion, the use of the knowledge acquired in daily tasks, suggestions to improve the exit profile and the importance of monitoring those who completed intensive undergraduate studies. . the presence of a positive correlation, considering general aspects, the profile of the graduate and social involvement as important variables.
Keywords: Adults, Inclusive Baccalaureate, Living Condition, Youth, Educational Reintegration.El objetivo general de esta investigación es analizar la incidencia de la oferta Bachillerato Intensivo para la reinserción al sistema educativo y mejorar condiciones de vida de Jóvenes y Adultos de la Dirección Distrital 09D17. La metodología utilizada fue un estudio de corte cuantitativo, tipo descriptivo y explicativo, transversal y no experimental. Se aplicaron métodos teóricos como el hipotético deductivo. Dentro de los métodos empíricos se usó la encuesta. El diseño es de campo y documental. La población estuvo compuesta por 22 docentes directivos y 120 estudiantes. La muestra fue del tipo no probabilística. En este estudio, se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa que incluyó la aplicación de indicadores y pruebas estadísticas paramétricas para analizar la información recopilada de estudiantes, personal pedagógico y directivos. Los resultados definieron la relación interpersonal inmediata, las aspiraciones en contexto, el impacto de la inclusión social, el uso de los conocimientos adquiridos en el quehacer diario, sugerencias para mejorar el perfil de salida y la importancia del seguimiento de quienes finalizaron estudios intensivos de pregrado. la presencia de una correlación positiva, considerando como variables importantes los aspectos generales, el perfil del egresado y el involucramiento social.
Palabras claves: Adultos, Bachillerato inclusivo, Condición de vida, Jóvenes, Reinserción educativa.
ABSTRACT
The general objective of this research is to analyze the incidence of the Intensive Baccalaureate offer for reintegration into the educational system and improve the living conditions of Youth and Adults of the District Directorate 09D17. The methodology used was a quantitative study, descriptive and explanatory, cross-sectional and non-experimental. Theoretical methods such as hypothetical deductive methods were applied. Within the empirical methods, the survey was used. The design is field and documentary. The population was made up of 22 management teachers and 120 students. The sample was non-probabilistic. In this study, a quantitative methodology was used that included the application of indicators and parametric statistical tests to analyze the information collected from students, teaching staff and managers. The results defined the immediate interpersonal relationship, aspirations in context, the impact of social inclusion, the use of the knowledge acquired in daily tasks, suggestions to improve the exit profile and the importance of monitoring those who completed intensive undergraduate studies. . the presence of a positive correlation, considering general aspects, the profile of the graduate and social involvement as important variables.
Keywords: Adults, Inclusive Baccalaureate, Living Condition, Youth, Educational Reintegration.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 17 de octubre de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 26 de diciembre de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2024
Cultura fiscal del contribuyente y su repercusión en las políticas tributarias
Get PDFTax collection is one of the most important processes in all government systems in the entire world, through this it is possible to finance the state and its spending, this contributes significantly to the development of the different systems that make up every nation, tax culture plays a fundamental role in the success of the tax policies imposed in each region. The objective of this research is to know what is related to the tax culture of the taxpayer and its impact on tax policies, all developed through a documentary bibliographic methodology, where an analysis of scientific publications, books, academic publications and from different organizations is carried out. international, using Google academic as the main search engine. As the main findings, it can be said that the tax culture is very little rooted, due to various factors but mainly due to a poor perception of taxpayers regarding how the resources they deliver to the state are managed. On the other hand, coercive measures are the that in some way make it possible for tax collection to have a positive effect.
Keywords: Tax Culture, tax collection, taxpayer.La recaudación fiscal es uno de los procesos con más peso en importancia en todos los sistemas de gobiernos del mundo entero, por medio de esto se logra financiar al estado y su gasto, esto contribuye notoriamente al desarrollo de los diferentes sistemas que conforman a toda nación, la cultura tributaria juega un papel fundamental en el éxito de las políticas tributarias que se impongan en cada región. El objetivo de esta investigación es conocer lo relacionado a la cultura fiscal del contribuyente y su repercusión en las políticas tributarias, todo ello desarrollado mediante una metodología bibliográfica documental, en donde se realiza un análisis de publicaciones científicas, libros, publicaciones académicas y de diferentes organismos internacionales, haciendo uso de Google académico como motor de búsqueda principal. Como principales hallazgos se puede decir, que la cultura tributaria resulta muy poco arraigada, por diversos factores, pero principalmente por una mala percepción de los contribuyentes al respecto de cómo se administran los recursos que entregan al estado, por otro lado, las medidas coercitivas son las que de alguna manera hacen posible que la recaudación tributaria tenga efecto positivo.
Palabras claves: Cultura Tributaria, recaudación fiscal, contribuyente.
ABSTRACT
Tax collection is one of the most important processes in all government systems in the entire world, through this it is possible to finance the state and its spending, this contributes significantly to the development of the different systems that make up every nation, tax culture plays a fundamental role in the success of the tax policies imposed in each region. The objective of this research is to know what is related to the tax culture of the taxpayer and its impact on tax policies, all developed through a documentary bibliographic methodology, where an analysis of scientific publications, books, academic publications and from different organizations is carried out. international, using Google academic as the main search engine. As the main findings, it can be said that the tax culture is very little rooted, due to various factors but mainly due to a poor perception of taxpayers regarding how the resources they deliver to the state are managed. On the other hand, coercive measures are the that in some way make it possible for tax collection to have a positive effect.
Keywords: Tax Culture, tax collection, taxpayer.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 22 de abril de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 25 de junio de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2024