Revistas Científicas da Universidade Católica Portuguesa
Not a member yet
13577 research outputs found
Sort by
Aspetos culturais na amamentação em mulheres chinesas: uma scoping review
Full text linkIntrodution: WHO recommends exclusive breastfeeding until the baby is six months old. Breastfeeding is influenced by various factors, including culture. The Chinese population is part of the Portuguese community; therefore, it is important to understand the reality of this culture regarding breastfeeding, contributing to the optimization of care provision and the promotion of breastfeeding. Aims: Identifying in the scientific literature the influence of cultural aspects on the initiation and duration of breastfeeding among Chinese women, as well as understanding their opinions, attitudes and knowledge regarding this topic. Material and Methods: Scoping Review, by searching the databases MEDLINE complete, CINAHL Complete, MEdicLatina, Cochrane Central register of Controlled Trials, Nursing & Allied Health Collection: Comprehensive, Library, Information Sciense & Tecnology Abstracts. Articles were included in which the participants were Chinese women, and which addressed their attitudes and behaviors regarding breastfeeding. Results: Out of 213 articles found, eight articles were screened to integrate this review. Considering the aims of this review and the results obtained, we defined the presentation categories as follows: initiation and duration of breastfeeding; beliefs, attitudes, and knowledge about breastfeeding; transition to complementary feeding; influence of family and healthcare professional’s support. Conclusions: Most chinese children are not exclusively breastfed until six months of age. The beliefs, attitudes, and knowledge of chinese women about breastfeeding and family support influence its initiation and duration. For successful breastfeeding, should be developed childbirth and parenting preparation programs to increase breastfeeding literacy among chinese women and their families. Healthcare professionals should have knowledge of cultural diversity to provide culturally competent healthcare.Introdução: A OMS recomenda o aleitamento materno exclusivo até aos seis meses de vida do bebé. A amamentação é influenciada por vários fatores, entre eles a cultura. A população chinesa está inserida na comunidade portuguesa, neste sentido importa conhecer melhor a realidade desta cultura em relação à amamentação, contribuindo para a otimização da prestação de cuidados e para a promoção do aleitamento materno. Objetivos: Identificar na literatura científica, a influência dos aspetos culturais das mulheres chinesas no início e duração da amamentação, bem como conhecer as suas crenças, atitudes e conhecimentos em relação a esta. Materiais e métodos: Scoping Review, através da pesquisa nas bases de dados MEDLINE complete, CINAHL Complete, MEdicLatina, Cochrane Central register of Controlled Trials, Nursing & Allied Health Colletion: Comprehensive, Library, Information Sciense & Tecnology Abstracts. Foram incluídos artigos em que os participantes fossem mulheres chinesas, e que abordassem as suas atitudes e comportamentos em relação à amamentação. Resultados: Dos 213 artigos encontrados, foram triados oito artigos para integrar esta revisão. Considerando os objetivos desta revisão e os resultados obtidos, definimos como categorias de apresentação: início e duração da amamentação; crenças, atitudes e conhecimentos sobre amamentação; transição para a alimentação complementar; influência da família e apoio dos profissionais de saúde. Conclusões: A maioria das crianças chinesas não é amamentada exclusivamente até aos seis meses de vida. As crenças, atitudes e conhecimentos das mulheres chinesas sobre a amamentação e o suporte da família influenciam o seu início e duração. Para uma amamentação bem-sucedida, devem ser desenvolvidos programas de preparação para o parto e parentalidade que aumentem a literacia em aleitamento materno das mulheres chinesas e sua família. Os profissionais de saúde devem deter conhecimentos sobre a diversidade cultural, pois só assim poderão prestar cuidados de saúde culturalmente competentes
Josef Zvěřina negli anni della svolta in Cecoslovacchia (1985-1990)
Full text linkThe figure of Fr. Josef Zvěřina (1913-1990) has been of fundamental importance for the Czechoslovak Catholic Church and for the circles of an alternative culture to the regime, during the years of communist totalitarianism (1948-1989). In the absence of publications analyzing the pastoral and cultural efforts made by the Bohemian priest in the years immediately preceding the fall of the regime (1989), our contribution intends to summarize the basic features that emerge from his written interventions, especially from materials published in the religious and secular samizdat, both Czech and Slovak. From them emerges the importance, for Josef Zvěřina, of the necessity to judge socio-political life from a faith, and standpoint urgency of resuming the dialogue between the “West” and the reawakening Central Europe in the various spheres of human coexistence.La figura di don Josef Zvěřina (1913-1990) e stata di fondamentale importanza per la Chiesa cattolica cecoslovacca e per gli ambienti della cultura alternativa al regime durante gli anni del totalitarismo comunista (1948-1989). In mancanza di pubblicazioni che analizzino l’impegno pastorale e culturale svolto dal sacerdote boemo negli anni immediatamente precedenti la caduta del regime (1989), il nostro contributo intende riassumerne i tratti fondamentali che emergono dai suoi interventi scritti, soprattutto a partire dai materiali pubblicati nel samizdat religioso e laico, ceco e slovacco. Da essi emerge l’importanza che per Josef Zvěřina assumeva la necessita di giudicare la vita socio-politica a partire dalla fede, e l’urgenza di riprendere il dialogo tra l’“Occidente” e la rinascente Mitteleuropa nei vari ambiti dell’umana coesistenza.A figura do Padre Josef Zvěřina (1913-1990) foi de fundamental importancia para a Igreja Catolica da Checoslovaquia e para os circulos de cultura alternativa ao regime, durante os anos do totalitarismo comunista (1948-1989). Na ausencia de publicacoes que analisem os esforcos pastorais e culturais desenvolvidos pelo sacerdote boemio nos anos imediatamente anteriores a queda do regime (1989), o nosso contributo pretende resumir os tracos basicos que emergem das suas intervencoes escritas, especialmente dos materiais publicados no samizdat religioso e secular, checo e eslovaco. Deles emerge a importancia que para Josef Zvěřina assumia a necessidade de julgar a vida sociopolitica a partir da fe, e a urgencia de retomar o dialogo entre o ≪Ocidente≫ e a Europa Central renascente, nas varias esferas da convivencia humana
Embracing sustainability: harnessing a fiction in dealing with dominant firms?
Full text linkThis article explores the intersection of competition law and sustainability, particularly focusing on the role that Article 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union may play in this context. It presents a novel approach, categorizing the relationship between Article 102 and sustainability into four scenarios, and examining the corresponding actions antitrust authorities should take. It identifies key challenges when competition protection conflicts with sustainability, analysing the pros and cons of two potential approaches: a bottom-up method, based on consumer willingness to pay for sustainability, and a top-down approach that integrates sustainability into antitrust goals. Finally, the paper delves into the arguments against penalizing dominant firms for actions that harm sustainability without infringing upon competition
Access to evidence: a matter of life and death for competition law class actions?
Full text linkFor several years, access to evidence has been identified by potential claimants as one of the main difficulties in bringing damages actions for breach of competition rules in general, and class actions in this area in particular, in the European Union. As regards the former, Directive 2014/104/EU addressed the issue, but established a number of exceptions, in particular with regard to documents in the possession of competition authorities, with the result that, in practice, injured parties may have to wait for the public decision to become final before bringing a (follow-on) action (and even then they still have to prove causation and quantify damages). In the case of collective actions, in particular opt-in models, the problem may be even more acute, and Directive 2020/1828, which addresses this issue in the context of collective actions, does not cover competition law actions. In this paper, we will analyse this problem in the light of European Union law, in particular the Directives and the recent case law of the European Court of Justice, as well as some illustrative national examples, in order to determine whether the current disclosure of evidence procedure undermines the effectiveness of the collective redress for competition rules
Revolutionary turns: exploring the immateriality of Sama practice in German postwar art
Full text linkThe Sufi practice of Sama (سماع)is deeply engraved in the Western imagination as a figure of Otherness. In this imagery, the whirling dervish has been misconstrued as a dancer rotating around its own axis. However, Sama is better understood as a multifaceted and diverse ritual combining listening practices with (in)corporeal movements to induce dizziness, dissociation, and a “destabilization of subjectivity.” (Golestaneh 2023, 5–6) While performing a “poetics among the limits of the body” (Brandstetter 1995, 224), Sama embodies a desire for a state of trance and a brief encounter with immateriality. This essay will look at how Sama gained importance as a means for artistic reinvention in the unlikely context of postwar Germany as a form of Vergangenheitsbewältigung (coming to terms with the past). For this purpose, we will examine the oeuvre of artist Günther Uecker, whose multi-faceted work explores these fruitful boundaries of materiality and immateriality. Uecker was one of the core members of ZERO, an avant-garde postwar artist collective trying to reach a zone of zero by reimagining artistic techniques and expressions from scratch in the aftermath of the Second World War. In exposing the underlying formal, conceptual, and methodological correspondence between the work of the German artist and the practice of Sama, as exemplified in works such as New York Dancer (1965) and Sandmill (1970), we aim to narrate the story of how immaterial pasts get remobilized to enable immaterial futures
The dialectics of performativity: Judith Butler and the cultural constitution
Full text linkJudith Butler dismantles the traditional notion ‘sex precedes gender’ and advocates that sex and gender are constituted through the repetition of cultural acts. For Butler, ‘gender is performative,’ and she negates the pre-ontological status of the body to claim that ‘sex is already gendered.’ Butler further reinforces that, like gender, the formation of the body also evolves in a cultural space. Butler asserts that the construction of the body takes place through materialization, wherein it becomes an embodied subject that can only be known through discourses. Butler points out that power has a prominent role in the construction of the body, and it creates both intelligible and unintelligible bodies through social norms. Butler suggests that all bodies cannot represent their own identity and that their status becomes invisible to society. Butler raises the question of whose life matters here and whose life is counted as valuable. In her works, Butler talks about marginalized people and advocates that all human lives matter in society. The paper attempts to study the notion of embodiment in Butler’s Philosophy
Aprendizagens essenciais e classificação. O caso da educação física
Full text linkThe Core Learning Curriculum (CLC) follows a logic of assessment for learning but coexists with the need to regulate by classification. How do these logics coexist? And how do schools interpret the CLC in order to transform them into classifications? The case of Physical Education (PE) is of interest here because the criteria for success are nationally standardised and have been stable for decades, suggesting reliability and validity. To contribute to the answers, an interpretative analysis of the evaluation criteria for the 12th year of scientific-humanistic courses of 108 schools was carried out by applying these criteria to scenario students profiles. The results show that only two schools follow the guidelines of the CLC and that 66 per cent classify by dividing the evaluation areas into percentages. This circumstance leads to variability in the grades (the same profile of educational success can result in 10 or 20 points on a scale from 0 to 20) and it is often possible for students to be graded with 10 or more points even if they don’t develop the CLC. As a result, there is a de-signification of the grades (there is no correspondence with the CLC); It appears that PE functions based on theoretical common sense, underpinned by beliefs and practices that lack a solid foundation yet are accepted as valid; and society may receive young people with the expectation that they have competences that in reality they have not developed, creating tensions in social life.As aprendizagens essenciais (AE) seguem uma lógica de avaliação para as aprendizagens, mas coabitam com necessidades de regulação por classificação. Como é que estas lógicas convivem? E como é que as escolas interpretam as AE para as transformar em classificações? Aqui, o caso da Educação Física (EF) tem interesse, porque os critérios de sucesso estão nacionalmente uniformizados e têm estabilidade de décadas, sugerindo confiabilidade e validade. Para contribuir para as respostas, fez-se a análise interpretativa dos critérios de avaliação do 12.º ano dos Cursos Científico-Humanísticos de 108 escolas, por aplicação desses critérios a alunos-cenário. Os resultados indicam que apenas duas escolas respeitam as orientações das AE e que 66% classificam pela partição das áreas de avaliação em percentagens. Essa circunstância origina variabilidade de classificações (o mesmo perfil de sucesso educativo pode resultar em 10 ou 20 valores) e é frequentemente possível que os alunos sejam classificados com 10 ou mais valores ainda que não desenvolvam as AE. Assim, dá-se a des-significação das classificações (não existe correspondência com as AE); a EF parece funcionar por senso comum teórico, a partir de crenças e práticas pouco fundamentadas, mas tidas como verdadeiras; e a sociedade poderá estar a receber jovens na expectativa de que tenham competências que, na realidade, não desenvolveram, o que transporta tensões para a vida social
Market power and gatekeepers: complements or substitutes?
Full text linkAlthough they are distinctive instruments, Article 102 TFEU and the Digital Markets Act (DMA) commonly target undertakings with high degrees of economic power. In Article 102TFEU, market power assessment, including market definition has been considerably challenged by specific features of digital markets. With the use of thresholds-based presumptions to designate gatekeepers, the DMA thus purportedly moves away from Article 102 TFEU analytics. This article questions the extent to which market power and gatekeeper powers are substitutes, or complements, regarding the analytical tools used, and regarding the purposes to which they contribute. While market power methodology moves away from quantitative methods, for greater accuracy, the DMA reinjects a great dose of quantitative-based tools. Yet, as the DMA decisional practice shows, both analyses comprise, with varied intensity, an assessment of qualitative factors, revolving around barriers to entry. In addition, issues of boundaries’ delineation feature in both methodologies. The tools on which they rely are substitutes, but with complementary scope and outcomes. Finally, market and gatekeeper powers may be both substitutes in how they contribute to contestability of markets, albeit with a complementary twist: respectively with access to a user base for the DMA, and in a relevant market for Article 102 TFEU
Instrumentalising the immaterial: Italian Futurism and food
Full text linkDuring the short period between 1930 and 1932, the avant-garde Italian Futurists produced a series of works contending with the edible. The aspirations of this Futurist cuisine, as it would be self-referentially dubbed, were outlined explicitly in the “Manifesto della Cucina Futurista” (1930) and in the book-length La Cucina Futurista (1930) co-authored by the movement’s leader, Filippo Tommaso Marinetti and artist Luigi Colombo Fillìa. These publications documented a variety of Futurist culinary productions including, but not limited to, the opening of the Futurist restaurant Santo Palato in Turin (1931), and a series of banquets and culinary lectures held across Italy and in France, Hungary, Bulgaria, Turkey, and Tunisia. A stubborn reverence for these visual, physical, and textual – in other words, material – documents have become the norm in studies of Futurist cuisine. The field’s recurrent failure to critically address the immaterial aspects of Futurist cuisine, whose edible ephemera could not have existed – as a canvas might have – outside of the unglamorous realities of agriculture, trade, economic policy, war, famine, and colonialism, has produced an acute political neutralisation of Futurist cuisine in both Anglo-American and Italian contexts. This paper seeks to investigate the extent to which these disciplinary oversights are caused by Futurist cuisine’s use of food as its medium, and on a larger scale, to understand the disciplinary assumptions and trivialisations that compromise art history’s capacity to contend with immaterial modes of production such as this
WithIN the park: a posthuman account of immaterial performances in landscape art encounters
No full textThis article traces the author’s land art practice using Karen Barad’s (2007) notion of the apparatus in order to offer a possible reimagining of methods for making, engaging, and thinking about land art. This reimagining frames the immaterial collaboration between (human) artist and more-than-human forces as the instance of art-happening, and the material assemblage produced through the encounter as a fleeting archive of the immaterial performance, rather than the art-object itself. This piece consists of a personal account of the author’s land art practice that focuses on the immaterial encounters between (human) artist and more-than-human collaborators. Framing the (human) artist as an apparatus redefines the artist as a practitioner of “boundary-making” (Barad 2007, 148) that functions as a translation device to render the presence and agency of more-than-human collaborators legible. By bringing normatively understood ‘materials’ into view as agential collaborators that both offer and deny, land art is refigured as an artistic practice that collapses binary relational distinctions between subject and object. Although this practice can produce an ephemeral materiality, the goal of this article is to demonstrate that the core of the artistic practice should instead be seen as the ongoing moment of immaterial open-ended collaboration between human and more-than-human. As the wind whips away the leaves I’ve arranged, any fantasies of my own authority collapse