Tishk International University Repository
Not a member yet
1579 research outputs found
Sort by
Solution for Second-Order Differential Equation Using Least Square Method
Get PDFThis paper studies the numerical method for solving differential equations. The continuous least square method (CLSM) is used to obtain the explicit solution for solving ordinary differential equations (ODEs), partial differential equations (PDEs), and fractional differential equations (FDEs), but in this work, we consider the explicit results from CLSM approach and applied it on second-order ODEs. Moreover, the L_2 norm is used to obtain the minimum approximation error. The numerical results obtained has a good agreement with the exact solution with minimum approximation error. The explicit results are supported by an example that was treated with Matlab and Matematica 11
A Real-Time Automatic Kurdistan Numberplate Recognition System
Get PDFThe current paper presents a real-time implementation of a numberplate recognition system for Kurdistan region of Iraq. Automatic numberplate recognition systems (ANPR) have played a key role in many places in enforcing regulations on safe driving and preventing vehicular theft, identity establishment and many other applications. Though there are number of such systems available, their accuracy and speed of execution at inference time is still a challenging issue. To detect a numberplate from a fast-moving vehicle or from a high-resolution camera input, an extremely fast algorithm is required capable of processing tenth of frames per second. This is a huge challenge for many systems and often a compromise is made between the accuracy of detection and execution speed. This work proposes and implement Automatic numberplate recognition system with high accuracy and capable of processing over 50 frames per second at image resolution of 1920×1080 on a raspberry pi B 4 processor. The proposed approach has two major parts: numberplate region localization and character recognition or extraction from the localized region. We used standard machine-learning approach to detect the region of interest using Haar-like features algorithm as feature extractor and Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost) algorithm to train a cascade of weak learner’s classifiers for classification. After detection of the numberplate region from the input image, an optical character recognition algorithm (Tesseract) is used to extract the characters from the image for display and other use. Tesseract is a machine-learning based OCR algorithm which was pretrained with many languages and made available by google. To increase the detection accuracy, we proposed a masked training approach. The masked training approach uses masked positive samples as negative samples during the training. We also investigated the effect of using different boosting optimization techniques on the overall accuracy of the system. The overall accuracy and inference speed has greatly been improved when tested on a raspberry pi 4 B hardware
Mentor-Mentee Relationship: Fifteen Career Saving Suggestions
Get PDFA growing number of studies has been conducted on mentorship programs so far for their implications in educational institutions related to teacher training programs. Additionally, an increasing number of countries has invested much money and time on mentorship programs. Mentors can be regarded as the model for newly teacher candidates. In this study, the suggestions of 15 mentors who have worked overseas for long years were investigated through the interview by employing grounded theory method. This qualitative study lasted 5 weeks and the data were collected virtually. The results revealed insightful points for teacher candidates. The mentors expressed their genuine opinions under 15 headings to assist newly graduated teachers on the way of being a professional and experienced teacher. Analyzed data can have some implications for future studies on a global scale
Investigation of ferronickel slag powder for marine applications by using MIP method
Get PDFThe main aim of this work is to study the performance of the ferro-nickel slag in the powder form and to analyze the permeability performance using MIP method. The test is carried out under two different conditions. It is performed in clean water and a marine environment. Under these conditions different admixture conditions were examined. The change in impermeability of soil and cements for various admixture conditions were examined and the values were measured. A Mercury Intrusion Porosimeter (MIP) was used to examine the pore structure. Permeability values shown increasing trend in both clean water and in a marine environment. The Impermeability values shown increasing trend in marine environment compared with the clean water. During experimentation when Ferronickel slag powder exceeds 20 percentage. The impermeability reduces gradually and it gets decreased.40 percentages of ferronickel slag powder obtained were seemed to be optimum. Based on the results obtained from Mercury Intrusion Porosimeter (MIP), synergetic integration of ferro nickel slag powder on mixing with the soil-cement creates a micro-aggregate effect and the porosity of soil-cement which in turn increased the resistance for sea water erosions
Human Justification for Euthanasia An empirical analysis using World Values Survey
Get PDFThe word 'euthanasia' comes from Greek roots that indicate 'dying well' or 'good death.' The
word was first used by Greek poets around 400 BC, and it was then adopted by Greek and
Roman philosophers and historians to refer to a death that occurs suddenly and without
considerable and prolonged pain. Today, the phrase is mostly used to describe actions taken
by others to make dying more bearable. The goal of this study is to look at euthanasia, the
physically-assisted death,froma human perspective and explore the variance based on
Gender, Age, Education, and Religion of the respondents of the seventh wave of the world
values survey. The total respondents from the fifty-one (51) countries, where N= 73,873are
taken for analysis for this paper, among which 47.5% are male and 52.4% are female
respondents. The researchers want to show that the arguments against the morality and
legalization of assisted suicide are stronger than those in favor. Although in many ways our
societies have become increasingly secular and detached from religious traditions, the paper
discusses both ethical issues surrounding euthanasia and research on the practice of
euthanasia as it evolves. It specifies four interpretations of 'euthanasia' namely gender, age,
educa,in and religion to arrange the discussion. Mann-Whitney U Test and Kruskal Wallis
Test are used to explore the variance. Some of the findings include that there is significant ant
variance from the perspectives of the respondent’s Age, Education, and Religion but no
variance based on gender. Religious perspectives and human justifications for euthanasia are
all explored to determine whether there is any connection between them, followed by a
conclusion based on data analysis. The paper attempts to contribute to the field of study,
euthanasia, which is always a matter of discussion and argumen
Chemistry, Biosynthesis and Pharmacology of Sarsasapogenin: A Potential Natural Steroid Molecule for New Drug Design, Development and Therapy
Get PDFSarsasapogenin is a natural steroidal sapogenin molecule obtained mainly from Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge. Among the various phytosteroids present, sarsasapogenin has emerged as a promising molecule due to the fact of its diverse pharmacological activities. In this review, the chemistry, biosynthesis and pharmacological potentials of sarsasapogenin are summarised. Between 1996 and the present, the relevant literature regarding sarsasapogenin was obtained from scientific databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Overall, sarsasapogenin is a potent molecule with anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-osteoclastogenic and neuroprotective activities. It is also a potential molecule in the treatment for precocious puberty. This review also discusses the metabolism, pharmacokinetics and possible structural modifications as well as obstacles and opportunities for sarsasapogenin to become a drug molecule in the near future. More comprehensive preclinical studies, clinical trials, drug delivery, formulations of effective doses in pharmacokinetics studies, evaluation of adverse effects and potential synergistic effects with other drugs need to be thoroughly investigated to make sarsasapogenin a potential molecule for future drug development
A Review of the Combined Effect of Fibers and Nano Materials on the Technical Performance of Mortar and Concrete
Get PDFNowadays, both nanomaterials and fibers have tremendous application in various industries, and they are a significant research area in the construction industry particularly. Thus, it is critical to have a comprehensive review to show the simultaneous impact of fibers and nanomaterials on the technical performance of different types of main construction materials such as mortar and concrete. The current work accomplishes this by providing a comprehensive review of the relevant literature on various nanomaterials and fibers through using a literate experimental database of conducted studies that have at least a type of fiber with one nanomaterial in the same mix. Accordingly, the collected data were analyzed, and they were compared to their control mixes in which no fiber and nanomaterials were used. The study majorly focuses on the effects of fibers and nanomaterials on fresh and hardened properties of produced mixes in terms of density, workability, mechanical and durability performance with consideration of microstructure and electrical resistivity as well. The study outcome provides a systematic knowledge and thorough guide to selecting and combining different fibers with nanoparticles to improve concrete/mortar performance effectively, in which not only the optimum percentage for the use of both fiber and nanomaterials are identified, but also is helpful to promote further research
New approaches: Use of assisted natural succession in revegetation of inhabited arid drylands as alternative to large‑scale aforestation
Get PDFIt is a great concept to let nature do the work of revegetation, however in semi-arid and arid regions the process of
natural succession, if it occurs at all, typically requires many years of undisturbed development until an increase in bio�mass becomes measurable, hence it rather is applied to remote, sparsely populated regions and may be underrated as a
measure to restore native vegetation, particularly in inhabited arid areas. What are the factors that make arid successional
processes successful, how to expedite, and how to enable their use for the ecological revegetation of densely populated
drylands? We review restoration methods that combine the planting of shelterbelt compartments with successional
revegetation of the internal area, protected from wind and drought. Various measures of assisted natural succession
can be applied to greatly accelerate the revegetation, including soil tillage, amendment with organic matter and the
inoculation with cyanobacteria or lichens to form biocrusts. The aim is to initiate the development of native, water-saving
savanna with biodiversity, resilience and adaptability to climate change. A narrow twin shelterbelt module could facilitate
the use of natural succession within inhabited and peri-urban areas, also serving as protective greenbelt for cities. A pilot
is planned in a peri-urban area of Northern Iraq, with a successional area of 125–150 m between shelterbelts. Land-use
of agriculture, gardening and recreation can be integrated within the successional area, which also generates engage�ment of residents in the maintenance work. Planting of shelterbelts is required on 10–25% (not 100%) of the restoration
area, therefore the use of assisted succession within protective compartments is expected to have both, ecological and
economic advantages over large-scale aforestation
Sahel Afforestation and Simulated Risks of Heatwaves and Flooding Versus Ecological Revegetation That Combines Planting and Succession
Get PDFStudies simulating the large-scale afforestation of the African Sahel constantly
find warning signals of increased risk of extreme temperatures and heatwaves
resulting from changes in albedo and latent heat flow. We review the affore�station measures underlying three simulation studies, together with a restora�tion model in which compartments are formed by greenbelts to enable suc�cession of savanna vegetation, protected from hot wind and drought. Savan�na-like vegetation (around 20% woody plants) will show bright reflective sur�face and drying of leaves during dry season rather than constant green color,
with very different impact on albedo and temperatures. We derive that the
simulated risks of extreme heat and flooding from rain will strongly depend
on species, shape and density of the new vegetation. Ecological restoration
concepts are expected to mitigate or prevent such restoration related climatic
risks. Compact afforestation of the Sahel does not appear to be necessary or
feasible. A restoration model based on compartmentalization and the pro�tected succession of diverse, climatically adaptable vegetation could also be
used in populated drylands, as a sustainable and temperature balancing solu�tion to desertificatio
Audit firm attributes and income smoothing: the moderating influence of audit committee accounting expertise
Get PDFThis study investigates how audit committee accounting expertise (ACAE) influences the relationship between audit firm attributes (AUFA) and income smoothing (IS). The study employed 616 firm-year observations from 2013 to 2019 and robust logistic regression as a data analysis technique. The results showed that audit fees (AUF) are likely to decrease IS. The study also found that Big 4 auditors and audit tenure (AUT) might not reduce the likelihood of IS. Interestingly, Big 4 auditors and AUT had a negative and significant relation with IS in firms with a higher proportion of ACAE. The study revealed that a higher proportion of ACAE overturned the positive effect of Big 4 auditors and AUT on IS. The study provides a unique understanding of the moderating effect of ACAE on the link between AUFA and IS. The study makes distinctive contributions by exploring the moderating effect of ACAE on the link between AUFA and IS practices in Nigeria. Previous studies on income manipulation generally focus on accrual earnings; this study provides an insight into earnings manipulation through artificial smoothing indices. Policymakers and investors can benefit from the study’s findings in formulating policies or decisions about corporate financial reporting issues. The study is limited to nonfinancial firms; therefore, the study’s findings may not apply to financial firms