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An Investigation of Educational Value of Debates: A Case of Secondary School Children
Get PDFDebate is a controlled discussion between two parties to persuade each other about a controversial topic. In order for debate to progress on the right path, some rules must have been established beforehand. The use of debates in educational settings has very positive effects. Students, who normally hesitate to speak, speak much more comfortably by overcoming anxiety in the attractive atmosphere of debate sessions. In addition, students pay attention to other things that should be included in the speech content. In order to determine these, a questionnaire in accordance with the Likert scale was applied to the students we studied. The results of this survey were evaluated, and a conclusion was reached. In general, it can be said that students gain more skills than speaking activities in debate sessions
Multilevel Thresholding for Image Segmentation Using Mean Gradient
Get PDFImage binarization and segmentation have been one of the most important operations in digital image processing and related
fields. In spite of the enormous number of research studies in this field over the years, huge challenges still exist hampering the
usability of some existing algorithms. Some of these challenges include high computational cost, insufficient performance, lack of
generalization and flexibility, lack of capacity to capture various image degradations, and many more. )ese challenges present
difficulties in the choice of the algorithm to use, and sometimes, it is practically impossible to implement these algorithms in a low�capacity hardware application where computational power and memory utilization are of great concern. In this study, a simple yet
effective and noniterative global and bilevel thresholding technique is proposed. It uses the concept of image gradient vector to
binarize or segment the image into three clusters. In addition, a parametric preprocessing approach is also proposed that can be
used in image restoration applications. Evidences from the experiments from both visual and standard evaluation metrics show
that the proposed methods perform exceptionally well. )e proposed global thresholding outperforms the formidable Otsu
thresholding technique
The Views of Instructors in Foreign Language Teaching with Distance Education Model during the Covid 19 Pandemic Process: A Study at Tishk International University in Erbil, Iraq
Get PDFThe Covid19 pandemic process, which is the biggest global problem of the recent times, has been a negative factor that has profound effects in all sectors and different platforms, necessitating radical changes and plans to follow. Of course, education is one of the areas most affected and directed by this process. Many educational institutions in the world that provide services at various levels have had to give more importance to internet-based distance education applications and technologies. The aim of this study is to reflect the views of foreign language instructors in the university about distance education and to analyze the different situations they encounter in the process and make forward-looking suggestions. The study group of the research consists of 24 academic staff working in the faculties of Dentistry, Pharmacy, Nursing, Engineering, Administrative Sciences and Economics and Science at Tishk International University Language Preparatory School in the 2020-2021 academic year and voluntarily participated in the research. The data of the research were collected with a semi-structured interview form consisting of open-ended questions created by the researchers. Then, content analysis was performed on the data obtained from the study. As a result of the research, the online and offline distance education model, which is carried out throughout the year, provides flexibility of time and space, easy access and sharing to different resources and materials in many areas, positive interest of students in technology, preventing in-class pressure and other kinds of pressure. It has been determined that there are opportunities such as the ability to easily prevent classical discipline problems. On the other hand, the traditional formal education model has the advantage of being able to deal with students more closely and specifically, to establish face-to-face and eye contact, to interact and understand with body language, to have the usual classroom management experience, to actively participate in the lesson, to give instant feedback and to ensure the continuity of motivation. It has been determined by the instructors that it is more efficient and more beneficial for the academic development of the student than the distance education model due to the advantages of not interrupting the course due to connection problems, reliable measurement and evaluation in and out of the classroo
Review of Ethnopharmacology, Morpho-Anatomy, Biological Evaluation and Chemical Composition of Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp.
Get PDFSyzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp, a Myrtaceae member, is widely distributed in Southeast Asian countries. The Malays and Indonesians consume the leaves regularly as Ulam (food). It has also been used in traditional medicine to treat several ailments, including gastritis, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diarrhea, skin diseases, diabetes and endometriosis. So far, many publications on the biological activity and chemical profile of the plant have been published. There is a need to thoroughly examine the articles and combine the major findings highlighting the potential utility of the species. Thus, the present study aimed to review the ethnopharmacology, morpho-anatomy, biological evaluation and chemical composition of S. polyanthum. In vivo, in vitro antibacterial, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidants, essential oil and chemical composition of S. polyanthum were searched in Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed. The investigations revealed that S. polyanthum is a medicinal plant with proven antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic and anti inflammatory activities. The plant had a substantial impact on human health. Chemical ingredients extracted and characterised are monoterpene, sesquiterpene, oxygenated monoterpenes, oxygenated sesquiterpenes, phenolic and flavonoid compounds. The review found that the in vitro and in vivo biological evaluation of S. polyanthum was well documented. In order to have conclusive results on the plant leaves efficacy, a well-designed clinical trial is required. Efforts should also be taken for long-term conservation and management
Comparing COVID-19 Control Model Between Iraq and Iran
Get PDFThe coronavirus pandemic has reached almost every country in the world. The pandemic and its response have had several short-term as well as long term impacts on human health, society, economy, and environment. For instance, the severe lockdowns imposed in certain countries have caused a widespread economic and humanitarian crisis. Therefore, it is crucial to draw important lessons from this pandemic to amplify our future preparedness and response capacities to similar situations. In this paper, the response strategies utilized by Iraq and Iran is analyzed with comparison of the impacts and outcomes of each strategy used for controlling the spread of the COVID-19 virus. The results show that travel ban, restrictive containment, and supports from the international community in controlling the spread of the virus had a more positive impact in Iraq compared to Iran
The Generalized Difference Operator of Order Three and Its Domain in the Sequence Spaces e1 and bv
Get PDFMost recently, the generalized difference operator Δ3
i of order three was defined and its domain in Hahn sequence space h was
calculated. In this paper, the spaces ℓ1(Δ3
i ) and bv(Δ3
i ) are introduced as the domain of generalized difference operator Δ3
i of order
three in the sequence spaces ℓ1 and bv. +en, some topological properties of ℓ1(Δ3
i ) and bv(Δ3
i ) are given, and some inclusion
relations are shown. Additionally, algebraic dual, α−, β−, and c− dual spaces of ℓ1(Δ3
i ) and bv(Δ3
i ) are computed. In the last
section, the classes (μ(Δ3
i ): λ) and (λ: μ(Δ3
i )) of matrix transformations are characterized, where μ � ℓ1 � � , bv
and λ � c, c0, ℓ1 � , ℓ∞, bs, cs, bv, h�
On the New Generalized Hahn Sequence Space hpd
Get PDFIn this article, we define the new generalized Hahn sequence space h
p
d, where d = ðdkÞ
∞
k=1 is monotonically increasing sequence
with dk ≠ 0 for all k ∈ ℕ, and 1 < p < ∞. Then, we prove some topological properties and calculate the α − , β − , and γ − duals
of h
p
d. Furthermore, we characterize the new matrix classes ðhd, λÞ, where λ = fbv, bvp, bv∞, bs, cs,g, and ðμ, hdÞ, where μ = fbv,
bv0, bs, cs0, csg. In the last section, we prove the necessary and sufficient conditions of the matrix transformations from h
p
d into
λ = fℓ∞, c, c0, ℓ1, hd, bv, bs, csg, and from μ = fℓ1, bv0, bs, cs0g into h
p
d
“Mushrooms (and a cow) are A Means of Survival for Us”: Dissimilar Ethnomycological Perspectives among Hutsuls and Romanians Living Across The Ukrainian-Romanian Border
Get PDFSustainable forest management highlights the multipurpose use of all forest resources, including the use of wild mushrooms, by a variety of forest users and especially for rural livelihoods. To achieve sustainable forest management, among others, decision-makers and forest managers need to identify the important elements for the livelihoods of local communities dependent on forests. Therefore, our aim is to analyse the importance of contemporary use of wild mushrooms for daily livelihoods in rural areas of the Carpathian Mountains by comparing two ethnic groups, Hutsuls and Romanians, living in a similar ecological environment and formerly belonging to the historical region of Bukovina, but currently split by the border between Ukraine and Romania which have different governments and economic situations. One hundred and twenty-one face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted in the summers of 2018 and 2019. We compared the Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) of Romanians and Hutsuls living, respectively, in lowlands and mountain areas on both sides of the border. Our results demonstrated the homogenous use of mushroom species for cultural purposes (e.g. ritual foods). Yet, we detected a remarkable difference in the role mushrooms play in providing income: Hutsuls in Ukraine use forest products as a main (rarely additional) source of income, while Romanian Hutsuls use them solely as additional income. Romanians on both sides considered mushrooms mainly as food and did not sell them (probably due in part to less abundance in the area). We also documented the fear of local residents that forest management and protected areas could suppress the right to collect wild mushrooms. The use of mushrooms is an important aspect of local TEK and needs to be considered as a part of sustainable forest management and as a means of poverty reduction in the region
Mothers’ Knowledge Regarding Home Care Management of Neonatal Jaundice in Qaladze - Sulaymaniyah City
Get PDFBackground and Objectives: Jaundice is the most common condition requiring medical attention in newborn babies. The mother has a significant role in reducing the effects. Early discharge of mothers and neonates from the hospitals increased the responsibility of mothers in recognizing jaundice has increased. This study aimed to assess the level of the mothers’ knowledge regarding home care management of neonatal jaundice.
Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in the Neona-tal Intensive Care Unit at Shahidan Qaladze Teaching Hospital from the period of January 2021 to March 2022. Purposive (non-probability) sampling techniques were used to recruit participants. The study sample included 114 mothers. Data was collected using a questionnaire prepared by the investigator, and direct interviews were conducted. De-scriptive statistics including, frequencies and percentages, and inferential statistical anal-ysis of Chi-square was used to analyze the data.
Results: The results show that 34.2% of the mothers were between 26-32 years. Concerning occupation, more than three-quarters (86%) of the sample were housewives. The study demonstrated that the majority (64.9%) of mothers did not have enough information about jaundice. There was a statistically significant association between parents’ relatives and the source of information regarding the mother’s knowledge. The study showed a statistically significant association between mothers’ knowledge and early initiation of breastfeeding. Factors associated with mother’s knowledge include the mother’s age, occupation, years of formal education, residency areas, received health education on neonate jaundice, and the source of information.
Conclusion and Recommendations: The study concluded that most mothers had a deficit of knowledge regarding home care management of neonatal jaundice. It is recommended to provide mothers with comprehensive health education about neonatal jaundice care to improve their knowledge and practice in caring for neonates with jaundice
Antioxidants, Anti-inflammation, Anti-hyperglycemia and Chemical Evaluation of the whole plant extracts of Anisopus mannii N.E.Br.
Get PDFAnisopus mannii from the family Asclepiadaceae is a perennial herb that is currently utilized in the traditional Northern Nigerian medicinal system. The study document comprehensive In Vitro biological evaluation and chemical profiling of A. mannii whole plant crude extracts. Qualitative phytochemical, antioxidants, anti-inflammation, anti-hyperglycemia and chemical profiling was determined. The results revealed the presence of phenols, alkaloids, tannins, glycosides flavonoids, and saponins. The plant has the inhibition capacity to convert Fe3+ to Fe2 at 18.9 mmol/gm, scavenging at 75.5, injured tissues 28.4 75.5, -amylase 62.7 and α-Glucosidase 89.5 µg /mL respectively. 9-Octadecenoic acid, methyl and Lup-20(29)-en-3-ol, acetate, (3. beta) are the major compounds found in the whole plant extract. The current groundbreaking research revealed ethanolic extract from the whole plant is an effective medicinal agent. It provides the possibility for different therapy regimens to be developed from it. Research is needed to discover and purify the active chemicals that are responsible for therapeutic efficacy