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How Prevalent Is the Computer Games Addiction Among the Secondary and High School Children of Turkish Community in Erbil: A Case Study?
Get PDFAddiction manifests itself in many different ways in people. These are behavioral addictions as well as substance addictions. Computer games addiction, which is an example of behavioral addiction, has emerged as an important problem with the development of technology in the modern age. This problem has personal and social reasons. It tends to occur especially in secondary school and high school age children. In this context, this research on children revealed the levels of game addiction. The reasons why the game addiction levels of the children studied were lower than those shown in the literature were investigated by referring to the opinions of the students’ parents
Inquiry-Based Learning Implementation: Students’ Perception and Preference
Get PDFWith a bundle of changes in the new age that has brought considerable challenges to the doorstep of teachers and educators, novel approaches to teaching are now emerging to take on the challenges. Inquiry-based learning (IBL), thanks to its well-rooted fundamentals, can be considered a potential approach to addressing challenges in many effective ways. IBL is a learning and teaching process that focuses on using questions as an initial point in learning; learners are immersed in the process of generating and posing questions to find the truth, information, or knowledge through hands-on activities performed by learners themselves with teachers’ guidance on the side. The primary aim of the present study was to find out learners’ perceptions of IBL implementation. The study exposed 26 Iraqi EFL learners to the approach and investigated the participant’s opinions and perceptions of the approach implementation. To collect data, participants were asked to fill out a questionnaire with particular reference to the effects of IBL on students’ class engagement, prior knowledge activation, student-centered environment promotion, and cultivation of 21st-century skills. Results highlight students’ positive preferences toward IBL implementation
RESPONSE SURFACE MODEL QUANTIFICATION FOR YIELDING STRENGTH IN A BRIDGE GIRDER
Get PDFThe construction of response surface model which represents the behavior of the pre-stressed bridge girder is the objective of this paper. Five parameters which belong to the mechanical properties of both concrete and steel bars in addition to the pre-stressing magnitude would be deployed. The Latin Hypercube sampling method is being utilized to build 25 models for the numerical simulations using ABAQUS program. MATLAB code with the support of least square method are used to determine the response surface model for the yielding strength of the pre-stressed bridge girder. The response surface model will undergo reliability chech by the adoption of coefficient of determination analysis. The results of the regression coefficients manifested a great representation of the behavior of the bridge girder behavior under both static and dynamic loadings. The coefficient of determination for the response surface model was R2=1 which means that the response prediction through the response surface model is totally illustrating the actual behavior of the structural member. The numerical simulations are highly confirming the yielding strain situation in parallel with the results of the response surface model. The results can be further processed to control the design of the pre-stressed bridge girder by the employment of optimization methods
Detection of hypervirulent and classical type of Klebsiella pneumoniae and screening their resistant properties in Erbil city
Get PDFBackground and objective: Klebsiella pneumoniaei s an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium and is considered one of the main causes of nosocomial infection. Hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKp) has emerged as a pathogen of global importance. The current study aimed to determine Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, carbapenem resistance, and serum bactericidal effect among the clinical isolates and to find the relationship of the above features with antimicrobial resistance.
Methods: A total of 90 K. pneumoniae isolates were collected from different clinical specimens. Isolates were diagnosed using routine bacteriological methods and VITEK 2 compact system. Several phenotypic tests including string test, serum resistant, ESBL test, and Modified Carbapenem inactivation method were performed. The antibiotic resistance pattern was compared among ESBL-positive, carbapenem-resistant in both Hypervirulent (hvKp) and classical K. pneumoniae (cKp) isolates.
Results: The results revealed that among 90 isolates, 56.7% of the isolates were of classical K. pneumoniae (cKp) type within which 70.6% of them were ESBL positive, 37.3% of them were resistant to carbapenem, and 51% were resistant to serum bactericidal activity. On the other hand, 43.3% were of hvKp type within which 61.5% of them were ESBL positive, 30.8% were carbapenem-resistant and all of the hvKp were resistant to human serum. The rate of antibiotic-resistant among cKp was higher than hvKp isolates.
Conclusion: In this study, classical strains were more resistant to antibiotics and the rates of ESBL and Carbapenem resistance were higher compared to hvKp strains. but they were killed by serum bactericidal activities more rapidly
Biocultural Diversity in Italy
Get PDFAs an initial step in more extensive research into the links between biological and cultural diversity in present-day Italy, we reviewed Biocultural Diversity studies that explore the relationship between biological and cultural patterns of diversity to determine whether any direct causal relationships or common drivers could be inferred. We found no significant attempts to quantitatively measure biocultural diversity in the country as a whole. Italy shows a high number of mutual interactions, but common drivers and patterns between biological and cultural diversity were not evident. This could be either a problem of quantification due perhaps to an inherent incommensurability between the two dimensions, or different causative patterns that drive biological and cultural diversity
The Prevalence of Overhang and Gap Formation in Posterior Amalgam and Composite Restorations Among 4th and 5th Stage Undergraduate Students/Tishk University
Get PDFBackground: Overhanging approximate restoration may cause gingival aggravation periodontal tissue devastation, diminishes alveolar bone height, and recurrence of caries. Gap formation from margin of restoration may cause food impaction which leads to caries recurrence and if it happens inside restoration it will lead to weakening of restoration.
Aims of the Study: The present study aims to assess the overhang and gap formation frequency in patients who visited the dental clinic of Tishk University of Medical sciences/conservative department for 4th and 5th grade undergraduate course.
Materials and Methods: A random sample was collected from patients required class II restorations attending conservative department/dentistry college/Tishk University according to questionnaires which have been made for 4th and 5th grades that include personal information and type of restorative material which has been used, radiographs were taken (posterior bitewing) utilizing paralleling technique, then viewed on computer and change pictures’ contrast, printed out and bound with its own questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using chi-square test at P < 0.05 to find out the relationship.
Results: There was a statistically significant association between overhang and the following parameters: gender of clinician, type of tooth, type of restoration at P 0.05 level.
For Gap Formation: There was a statistically significant association between gap formation and the following parameters: location of tooth in jaw, side of restoration, and type of restoration at P 0.05 level.
Conclusion: According to the present study, 20% of all surfaces that have been restored showed presence of overhang while (80%) were free from overhang, in relation to gap formation (25.6%) of restorations have gap formation while (74.4%) were free
Thermodynamic Analysis and Optimization of the Micro-CCHP System with a Biomass Heat Source
Get PDFIn this article, new multiple-production systems based on the micro-combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) cycle with biomass heat sources are presented. In this proposed system, absorption refrigeration cycle subsystems and a water softener system have been used to increase the efficiency of the basic cycle and reduce waste. Comprehensive thermodynamic modeling was carried out on the proposed system. The validation of subsystems and the optimization of the system via the genetic algorithm method was carried out using Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software. The results show that among the components of the system, the dehumidifier has the highest exergy destruction. The effect of the parameters of evaporator temperature 1, ammonia concentration, absorber temperature, heater temperature difference, generator 1 pressure and heat source temperature on the performance of the system was determined. Based on the parametric study, as the temperature of evaporator 1 increases, the energy efficiency of the system increases. The maximum values of the energy efficiency and exergy of the whole system in the range of heat source temperatures between 740 and 750 K are equal to 74.2% and 47.7%. The energy and exergy efficiencies of the system in the basic mode are equal to 70.68% and 44.32%, respectively, and in the optimization mode with the MOOD mode, they are 87.91 and 49.3, respectively
Lead acetate deteriorates the improvement effect of L-arginine and tetrahydrobiopterin on endothelin-1 receptors activity in rat aorta
Get PDFEndothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor hormone that has been identified as an important factor
responsible for the development of cardiovascular dysfunctions. ET-1 exerts its vasoconstrictor activity
through two pharmacologically distinct receptors, ETA and ETB that are found in vascular smooth muscle
cells (VSMCs) and the vasodilator activity through an ETB receptor located on endothelial cells. This study
aimed to show the impact of 1µM L-arginine (LA), 100µM tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), and their combined
effect on ET-1 activity in both lead-treated and lead-untreated rat aortic rings. This means, investigating how
endothelial dysfunction reverses the role of nitric oxide precursor and cofactor. In this study, Rat aortic rings
have been pre-incubated with BH4, LA and their combination. Subsequently, the aortic rings were preincubated with 200µM N-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and 0.5µM BQ-123. Then, the vascular
response to cumulative doses of rat ET-1 was analyzed in each of the above-mentioned groups (LA, BH4, LA
& BH4, L-NAME, BQ-123), in the presence and absence of lead acetate 1µM Pb (C2H3O2)2. ET-1 efficacy and
potency were significantly decreased in the presence of LA, BH4, and LA and BH4 combination in the untreated
group, while it significantly increased in the presence of lead. In the second trial of experiments ET-1 efficacy
markedly decreased in BQ-123- incubated cells in both lead-treated and untreated aortic rings. In the presence
of lead, the efficacy of ET-1 was raised with the use of L-NAME. In conclusion, LA and BH4 can be considered
pharmacological agents to alter the potency of ET-1-induced vasoconstriction and concomitantly lower blood
pressure
Effects of a Home-Based Nursing Intervention Program on Caregivers Care Adherence of Children Affected with Type I Diabetes Mellitus
Get PDFType 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic disease that affects many children worldwide. Caregivers of children with T1DM play a crucial role in managing the child's health, but often face challenges in adhering to the recommended care guidelines. This study aimed to find out the effects of home-based nursing intervention programs on caregivers regarding the home care of children affected by T1DM. A quasi-experimental design with pre-and post-test control and intervention groups was used. This study was conducted in Akre, Duhok, Iraq, with 60 caregivers (30 in an intervention group and 30 in a control group) of children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus who were registered at the Gulan General Hospital in Akre city and were selected using the systematic sampling method between 3rd of January to 5th of September, 2022. A home-based nursing intervention program (5 months) was provided to the intervention group, while standard care was provided to the control group. A t-test, chi-squared analysis, and a structural equation model were used for data analysis of the iterative measurements. The end result shows the home-based nursing intervention program changed the behaviour of caregivers toward diet and insulin, modification of the diabetes care plan, intervention behaviour, and additional diabetes care practices were significant differences between groups. The home-based nursing intervention program was effective in increasing the frequency of diabetes management and taking responsibility for managing diabetes at home
DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS FOR FINDING THE IMPACT OF PEER FEEDBACK ON WRITING SKILL EMPOWERMENT IN EFL CLASS
Get PDFFor the past thirty years, language education researchers have concentrated on improving writing abilities. Several methods and strategies have been used by language teachers to enhance the students’ writing skills. One of these crucial methods for enabling the students to write their thoughts more effectively is peer feedback. The researchers also defined peer feedback as helpful criticism from other students majoring in the same subject. It enables the language learners to deal with issues of writing anxiety, discomfort, and mistake-making fear. Additionally, peer feedback allows the students to comment on one other’s papers. Peer criticism sharpens the language learners’ perceptions and critical faculties. This study aims to highlight the value of peer feedback in classroom writing. Data collection method included a questionnaire distributed to the participants of this study which included 90 participants from Tishk International University (TIU) studying in the faculty of Education. The researchers analyzed the data by using Minitab 19. One sample t-test and analysis of variance are used. It is concluded that peer feedback is positively significant in enhancing writing skill neither the grades nor the departments affect their decision. The students consider peer feedback as an essential dialogue in writing