University College Stockholm
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Theory and praxis : John Zizioulas and Andrew Louth compared
No full textThis thesis is a critical study of John Zizioulas’ use of the inner Trinitarian relations as a model and ontological foundation for ecclesial praxis. It compares Zizioulas to Andrew Louth, who, based on his understanding of the Incarnation as recapitulating creation, begins in the economy. The purpose is to explicate how the two approaches could affect the role of theology in the realization of praxis. Zizioulas is criticized in his attempt to create a holistic structure, as it implies that his reading of the fathers and his understanding of praxis must be congruous with his Trinitarian logic. Louth, on the other hand, differentiates between God and creation, which enables him to describe how we can transcend ourselves by relating to God, without the risk of confusing revelation or our experience of Him with His essence, which is beyond words. The ontological difference between God and creation means, in Louth’s implicit criticism of Zizioulas, that the task of the theologian is to enable communication about what the shared experience of God could mean in a particular time and place – to which there could be a diversity of ideas – not to dictate principles from an idea of totality, or a realm that transcends existence as we know it. It also implies that encountering God in and through creation, enables communication with the world and other fields of study.
A Suffering Humanity and a Suffering God : A feminist analysis of Dorothee Soelle and Jürgen Moltmann
No full textThe aim of this study is to explore questions regarding the concept of suffering and the relationship between a suffering world and a suffering God. The theology of Dorothee Soelle and Jürgen Moltmann are presented and then analysed through the feminist-theological lens of Rita Nakashima Brock and Rebecca Ann Parker. The feminist-theological perspective is used to highlight the theological strengths and weaknesses of Soelle and Moltmann. The issues of suffering can be found all through human history and across all religious views or life stances. Soelle and Moltmann show that to create a sustainable theology regarding suffering there needs to be an awareness of what image of God is presented. The conclusion of the study is that both Soelle and Moltmann use the term “apathy” throughout the theology that has been presented. The concept is regarded as a hindrance to forming and maintaining relationships and being able to sympathise with the suffering party. This hinderance is present both in the relationships between humans and between God and humanity. The focus of Soelle and Moltmann lies in the interpretation of God the Father and how the Father relates to the suffering of humanity. The importance of how the suffering of the Son is regarded is presented through the feminist theology of Brock and Parker. According to Brock and Parker, the church needs to examine how the suffering of Jesus is presented. If the suffering of Jesus is presented as an example of how suffering should be endured then the concept of Jesus willingly suffering might put pressure on the suffering individual to stay in the context that causes suffering
Bortom arv och miljö : personskap och individen
No full textDet är problematiskt med uppdelningen av arv och miljö men teologin kan här vara en hjälp för att belysa vari problemet ligger
The childrens situation during the Winter War
No full textThis essay examines how the children of the Finnish Winter War were treated in the process. It focuses on three questions which are about the children’s’ situation and responsibility in the war. It also examines to what extent the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child as a tool can interpret what risks the children's situation put them in. These questions are being answered through an interview with a Finnish war child and a literature study. The interview is reinforced by stories from other children who were repositioned during the war and also from those who were adopted to Sweden. The Convention on the Rights of the Child is used as the theory for understanding the children's situation. It is a tool to describe what needs children have and their needs to have a stable childhood. The essay finds that many children were exposed to events that affected how much time they had to be children and they were forced to take on a role of responsibility in their families. The situation can therefore clearly be said as not optimal for them. Many were forced to grow up too early because of this and were not allowed to participate in decisions or to consider their own feelings. A lot of them ended up falling behind in school and sources at the time were concerned that it could have consequences for their development which is also considered in this essay
Between Equality and Discrimination : A policy analysis of the EU Framework for national Roma integration strategies up to 2020
No full textThe EU Framework for National Roma Integration Strategies up to 2020, is a policy that seeks to integrate Roma in the fields of education, employment, healthcare and housing, and to combat and prevent discrimination and promote equality. The problem formulation that motivates this study is the phenomenon of discrimination that Roma population experience on the soil of European Union, funded on the principles of equality and non-discrimination. The aim of this paper is to carry out a policy analysis of the EU Framework with the goal to reveal in what ways the policy aims to combat discrimination and promote equality for Roma, the largest minority in the EU. Theoretical framework relies on the principle of equality and its influence on discrimination in the context of human rights. This research carries out a qualitative case study of Roma, in combination with policy analysis as method. Results found, after conducted analysis, shows that the EU Framework doesn’t generate a rich concept of equality that can prevent, and combat discrimination based on racial and ethnic origin of Roma. The EU Framework doesn’t concretize various forms of discrimination towards Roma, nor address the phenomenon of anti-gypsyism as a main barrier to Roma inclusion.EU-ramverk för nationella strategier för romsk inkludering fram till 2020 är en policy som åsyftar till att integrera Romer inom områden för utbildning, sysselsättning, hälso- och sjukvård samt bostäder. Ramverket söker att bekämpa diskriminering och främja jämställdhet. Problemformuleringen som denna studie vilar på är diskrimineringen som romer utsätts för i EU. Syftet med denna studie är att genomföra en policy analys av EU:s ramverk med målet att avslöja på vilka sätt policyn syftar till att bekämpa diskriminering av Romer och främja jämställdhet. Teorin bygger på principen om jämlikhet, vilket hjälper till att undersöka de konkreta sätten som diskriminering kan bekämpas på med rätten till jämlik behandling i mänskliga rättigheters kontext. Denna studie är en kvalitativ fallstudie av Romer i kombination med policy analys av EU:s ramverk. Resultatet visar att EU:s ramverk inte genererar en omfattande jämställdhetsprincip som är tillräcklig för att förebygga och bekämpa diskriminering av Romer. EU:s ramverk konkretiserar inte olika former av diskriminering som romer upplever i sina dagliga liv. Policyn behandlar inte heller fenomenet anti-ziganism som ett huvudhinder för inkluderingen av romer
The Autonomy of AI Machines – Threat or Opportunity? : Which ethical consequences arises from the relation between AI and Man?
No full textAs we are living in an era of increased development of Artificial Intelligence (AI), newethical dilemmas arise. Some countries, states, technicians, developers of AI and researchersin different faculties have already observed that AI could get out of control and affectsocieties and human beings in a disastrous way. This thesis casts some light on the importanceof investigating one key concept in AI, “Autonomy”, and how different understandings of thedefinition have no effects on the ethical consequences. Immanuel Kant’s Moral Philosophyand Martha C. Nussbaums model of how to create capabilities for humans is the ethicaltheories used to evaluate different views on the concept autonomy. The first perspective onautonomy that is evaluated is Paula Boddington’s view that a definition of autonomy is notneeded but ethical codes for AI should be developed instead. The second view that isevaluated is the confusion about autonomy in machines and humans, and different ways ofunderstanding functional autonomy. This thesis argues for the importance of defining theconcept of autonomy for the benefit of mankind in working together for a benevolent AI. Aquestion that arises from what Kant calls “the Divine Spark” that all humans have and thatmake her worthy of respects; is it possible to put the “Divine Spark” into an AI
Nationell Säkerhet, Genderiserad Osäkerhet : Feministiska Perspektiv på Militarism, Maskuliniteter & Säkerhet
No full textI denna uppsats granskas militariserad säkerhet i relation till kvinnors osäkerhet. Uppsatsen genomsyras av ett genusperspektiv och berör skadliga sociala normer såsom våldsuttryck knutna till maskulinitetsideal, nationens betydelse, maskuliniseringen av den säkerhetspolitiska arenan och hur den Amerikanska armén använde sig av feminisering som förhörsmetod i det skandalomsusade Irakiska fängelset Abu Ghraib. Uppsatsen finner att militariserad säkerhet utgör ett hot mot kvinnors säkerhet i och med den könsmaktsordning som upprätthålls och förstärks i samband med konflikt och militär närvaro och som resulterar i specifikt våld riktat mot kvinnor och feminiserade grupper
”It seemed good to the Holy Spirit and to us” : A qualitative study of the decision making methods in the annual conference of the Uniting Church in Sweden
No full textThe aim of this study is to analyse the consensus decision making methods that are used at the annual conference of the Uniting Church in Sweden. The methods are analysed through the experiences of people that have attended the conference. Seven participants in the annual conference have been interviewed, and their expressed experiences have then been viewed through Anthony Giddens’ structuration theory, the theory of Jane Mansbridge et. al. regarding developments to the concept of deliberative democracy and through Paul Fiddes and his thoughts on finding the mind of Christ. The study concludes that the decision making methods has so far been well received and applied towards their objectives, though there is room for improvement