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What does it mean to fear God according to the Old Testament?
No full textDenna uppsats behandlar ängelns funktion i Genesis, genom en litterär analys av av Genesis 18, 21:17-20 och 28:10-22. Texterna har översatts från hebreiska till svenska och därefter analyserats utifrån sin historiska och litterära kontext. Därefter redogörs textens syfte och de aktörer som förekommer. Till sist ställts texten mot frågor kring änglar beteende, inverkan på aktörernas liv och i jämförelse med profeter. Min slutsat är att ängelns funktion i Genesis är att vara Guds budbärare, men även att ängeln är en möjliggörare för människor att få del av Guds plan för sitt folk
God in a Kaleidoscope : A Study of Images of God Before and After the Exile.
No full textDenna uppsats kommer att undersöka gudsbilden i Psaltaren med utgångspunkt i de förexiliska psalmerna 18 och 63 samt de efterexiliska psalmerna 74 och 101. Deras olika genrer, kungapsalm och klagopsalm, kommer att undersökas för att se om det har någon påverkan på de gudsbilder som framträder. Vidare blir även exilen ett skeende som psalmernas uttryck kommer att testas emot. Uppsatsen landar i att det framträder ett flertal gudsbilder i de fyra utvalda psalmerna, vilka överskrider psalmernas gränser och genrer. Exilen har en påverkan på psalmerna då Gud framträder som mer frånvarande i de efterexiliska psalmerna. Ytterligare synliggörs exilens teologiska påverkan i kungaspalmerna på så vis att den förexiliska Ps 18 antyder en polyteistisk trosuppfattning samt riktar in sig tydligare på Israels folk gällande moral. I den efterexiliska Ps 101 förekommer en självskriven monoteism samt en mer universalistisk moralisk uppfattning. Slutligen visar det sig att svårigheten att datera psalmerna till viss del gör undersökningens resultat tvetydigt
Etik och retorik i Jesustraditionen : kognitiva och psyko-biologiska perspektiv
No full textEtik och retorik i Jesustraditionen innehåller två essäer av Thomas Kazen, professor vid Enskilda Högskolan Stockholm. De två essäerna behandlar på olika sätt Jesustraditionen -- berättelser om Jesus och utsagor som tillskrivs honom -- i Markus, Matteus och Lukas. Den första fokuserar på mänskligt beteende, den andra på det figurativa språket. Bägge låter kognitionsvetenskapliga perspektiv belysa textanalyserna utifrån övertygelsen att bibeltexterna blir mer begripliga när vi tar hänsyn till hur människan fungerar, hur hennes tänkande och känsloliv utvecklats, hur hennes kropp och intellekt hänger samman, hur hennes emotioner och beteenden interagerar och hur hennes språk och handlande hör ihop. "Empati, rättvisa och försoning" är Kazens installationsföreläsning vid THS 2011. "Kameler, gengångare och amputationer" bygger på föreläsningar om överdrifter i bergspredikan (Århus 2015) respektive i Jesustraditionen (THS 2016, San Antonio 2016)
To Recognize the Child as a Theological Subject : Childism, Asymmetry and Axel Honneth’s Theory on Recognition
No full textQuestions concerning children's rights and children's place in society have been on the agenda for some decades now. Parallell to this movement questions about children's place in the bible, in the church and in systematic theology have entered the academical conversation. This paper attempts to find a method to investigate whether systematic theology as we know it, has the tools to address these new questions. Axel Honneth's theory on recognition will be important, since the three levels of recognitions he describes are designed to point out the difference between rights and solidarity, between formal recognition and the recognition that sprouts from genuine intrest in shared experience. The thougths from Honneth are combined with John Wall's argumentation on seeing the child as a full humna being, as a subject. Risto Saarinen's discussion on asymmetrical relations, adds an important perspective. From these three theories, a method is formulated for putting the child in focus on the theological agenda. The gain is not only the recognition of a neglected group, measured to one third of humankind. The new viewpiont shreds its light upon questions important to all of us. The method is a systematic theological tool both useful for pointing out inconsistencies and to suggest solutions to the very same problems. In the final discussion I show how this could be done by adressing the children's place in the postmodern family project, described by Katarina Westerlund, and children as liturgical leaders with the help of Karin Rubensson's thesis.
Kallelse och erkännande : Berättelser från de första prästvigda kvinnorna i Svenska kyrkan
No full textThe Figure of Socrates in the Early Patristic Culture Wars
No full textThe figure of Socrates was central to the intellectual culture of Antiquity, and his trial turned to the key reference point in the ancient literature. Church Fathers also referred to him on different occasions. The article argues that different attitudes they expressed to Socrates, his trial and death, his daemonium, and the sources of inspiration for his philosophy, became criteria in the culture wars that often broke out in the patristic era. These wars in some sense were similar to ours, with a more closed attitude to the ‘external’ culture and paideia contesting the more open one. The attitude to Socrates became a litmus test that revealed various ideological preferences in the patristic ‘culture wars’: ‘liberal’, ‘moderate’, and ‘conservative’ ones
The Right to Personal Assistance : From Imbecil to a Self-Determined Life
No full textThrough history, people with disabilities have been oppressed and their rights violated.They have been deprived of the opportunity to live an independent life and participatein society. Despite the fact that Sweden is often at the forefront concerning human rights,we have failed when it comes to disability rights. Therefore, this essay will examine thelegislation to the right of personal assistance, both in Swedish law and in the Conventionon the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. To examine if Sweden follows theinternational rules for personal assistance and the right to a self- determined life. To getan overall picture of the situation in Sweden, this essay will go through what is stated inthe Swedish legislation for personal assistance. The discussion focuses on the Swedishstate and its views on the situation and how they plan to continue working with the issuethrough their reports to the United Nations Committee on the Rights of Persons withDisabilities. The respond and recommendations from the committee will also bediscussed. Swedish non-governmental disability rights organizations will also beincluded. This essay will shed light on today’s situation in Sweden, and the aim is toshow of what might be done in order to improve and strengthen the right to live selfdetermined and integrated in the Swedish society – no matter your abilities
Violent extremism in Sweden : A game of power ruled by violence and manipulation
No full textViolent extremism has become an increasing problem. By violent extremism you mean that there are motives for wanting to reform or abolish a form of government. In Sweden's case, it is about reforming democracy, where three main movements are leading; the autonomous environment, the white power environment and the islamist extremist environment. The sources used are information from the Government Offices, the Security Police, Sweden’s parliament and a report from SVT News, a report from FBI Government, statistics from european member states of terrorism in Europe in 2019, taken from Graphic News, as well as an interview with Ewa-Gun Westford, press spokesperson within the police region South. The movements have become larger in recent years and more visible than before, which is mainly due to the development of the digital. The internet and social media have provided a great platform to be able to inspire, recruit and spread propaganda, quickly and without problems. Relevant and important topics today such as racism, xenophobia, etc. are tools for these movements to grow and gain a large number of followers in a short time. It creates a huge insecurity for people around these movements that they have become increasingly visible, and that brutal videos in the form of beatings and executions made by these movements can move around freely on the internet. Threats, violence and harassment of individuals with or outside these movements are common, which also leads to threats to democracy, security, life and health for all parties
Protection for all or the freedom to refrain from vaccination? : An analysis of Article 12 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in relation to justice, morality, obligation and compulsory vaccination
No full textThis study analyzes article 12 of the International Covenant on economic, social and cultural rights. The “right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health”.This article is analyzed in the context of herd immunity and mandatory vaccination. The analysis has been conducted through critical discourse analysis and analyzed through the terms of fairness, morality and obligations in former research at issue.The aim of this paper is to shed light on the flaws of article 12 which fails in its purpose to protect every human being, especially the most vulnerable. This may happen when individuals are allowed to act according to their own personal interests in ways that can negatively affect the public health especially for those who cannot be vaccinated.It is established by law that no one can be forced to get vaccinated. This paper analyzes if there are other incentives to motivate people to get vaccinated to protect others.Through a fairness perspective, it is argued that the individual should get vaccinated to protect others. This can help to protect those individuals who cannot get vaccinated. Those who have the capacity have a duty to do more. The effort of getting vaccinated is minimal and the resulting herd immunity means that even those who are not vaccinated are protected from infection. There are several studies that proves that individuals are more inclined to contribute to the common good if it is done with fairness and equality.Morality as a concept lacks a common or universal definition. Therefore, morality cannot be used as a reason or a motive.The “right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health” is protected by article 12. This paper argues that those who cannot get immunized through vaccination are not included in this protection. The same article also protects the individual’s right to make their own decision regarding their immunity. The decision of abstaining vaccination when otherwise able to get immunized can mean life or death for those that do not have the option to get vaccinated. The consequence of individual decision-making becomes unclear. The state, as the party responsible to uphold the covenant, cannot protect the most vulnerable since the right to bodily integrity weighs heavier than the common good. When more people choose not to get vaccinated the most vulnerable are less protected from disease and infection. The unprotected cannot claim accountability from the state. The outdated covenant protects only some of the people, not all of them as it is supposed to do. Especially the most vulnerable