The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences
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Guarding the boundaries of belonging: the Church of Sweden, Gypsy mission and social care in the 1910s–40s
No full textHistorically, social welfare providers have defined social and ethnic minorities such as ‘vagrants’ and Romani people as non-deserving and thus excluded them from their work. Gradually during the nineteenth century, however, Christian actors and organizations across Europe were among the first to recognize Romani groups as legitimate targets of relief. The operations required boundary changes where previously undeserving categories were transferred to deserving, thus becoming legitimate targets of relief. The article discusses the Church of Sweden’s social care for minorities, with a special focus on Romani groups from the 1910s to the 1940s. At that point, Protestant social work was permeated by conservative paternalism and focused on changing the individual through interventions defined as help-to-self-help, rather than challenging the unjust social structures in Swedish society. However, welfare measures were enacted differently depending on the majority/minority position of the individual; the recognition or rejection of minority rights affected the distribution and content of Lutheran social welfare. Examining church-led or church-endorsed activities, the contribution sheds light on the differentiation of social and ethnic subgroups and brings nuance to a field that has overlooked the Swedish state church as a welfare provider in the twentieth century. The instances of intersection between and sometimes confusion of social and ethnic boundaries serve as examples of the historicity of such boundaries and churchmen’s contribution to establishing these
Menstruation… a unique experience!? : A Qualitative Study on the Experience ofMenstruation Among Female Students in Relation to Physical Education
No full textAim: The purpose of this study is to examine the experiences of female high school students’menstruation in relation to the subject of physical education, as well as students' experiencesof teachers' responses to menstruation during lessons. The following research questions are:1. What are the students' views on menstruation?2. How do the students perceive the impact of menstruation on their participation in physicaleducation?3. How do the students perceive the way teachers address and adapt the teaching in relation tomenstruation? Theory and Method: A semi-structured qualitative interview method was applied, involvingseven menstruating women in high school. The study draws inspiration from hermeneutic andphenomenological analysis. Data processing is based on a thematic analysis from which threecategories emerge. The study utilizes curriculum theory. Results: The results show that the students have different views on menstruation, bothpositive and negative. These views are shaped by factors such as knowledge and normssurrounding menstruation, as well as their mental and social well-being during menstruation.Knowledge and experience of both students and teachers are found to be very importantduring menstruation, as communication and management by teachers are considered crucialfor student’s participation. The results also show that the students have a positive view onparticipation during menstruation, where the students experience reduced pain and improvedwell-being during and after physical education. Despite this, students do not participateextensively in the subject of physical education and health during menstruation. Conclusion: The study shows that the students have different views on menstruation and thatit affects them in various ways both positively and negatively, which is consistent withprevious research. The students experience that movement during menstruation is positive.However, it turns out that the students do not participate in physical education duringmenstruation. This seems to be due to the norm about menstruation that exists in the school,where prejudices and silencing occur, which the students feel that teachers avoid in theircommunication and interaction with the students.Syfte och frågeställningar: Denna studie syftar till att undersöka kvinnliga elevers upplevelser av menstruation kopplat till ämnet idrott och hälsa samt elevers erfarenhet av lärares bemötande vid menstruation i undervisningen. Studiens frågeställningar lyder: 1. Vad är elevernas syn på menstruation? 2. Hur upplever eleverna att menstruation påverkar deras delaktighet i ämnet idrott och hälsa? 3. Hur upplever eleverna att lärare bemöter och anpassar undervisningen i relation till menstruation? Teori och metod: En semistrukturerad kvalitativ intervjumetod tillämpades, där sju menstruerande kvinnor på gymnasiet deltog. Studien hämtar inspiration från en hermeneutisk och fenomenologisk analys. Databearbetningen utgår ifrån en tematisk analys där tre kategorier framkommer. Studien använder sig utav läroplansteorin. Resultat: Resultatet visar att eleverna har olika syn på menstruation, både positiv och negativ syn. Eleverna uttrycker att deras syn på menstruation påverkas bland annat av kunskap och normer kring menstruation samt utifrån deras psykiska- och sociala mående vid menstruation. Kunskap och erfarenhet hos både eleverna och lärare visar sig vara mycket väsentligt vid menstruation, då kommunikation och hantering av lärarna anses vara bristfällig och spela stor roll för elevernas deltagande. Resultatet visar även på att eleverna har en positiv syn på delaktighet vid menstruation på grund av minskad smärta och ökat mående under och efter idrottslektionen. Trots detta deltar inte eleverna i hög utsträckning i ämnet idrott och hälsa vid menstruation. Slutsats: Studien visar att eleverna har olika syn på menstruation och att det påverkar dem både positivt och negativt i ämnet idrott och hälsa, vilket överensstämmer med tidigare forskning. Eleverna upplever att rörelse vid menstruation är positivt, trots detta deltar inte eleverna under idrottslektionerna vid menstruation. Detta verkar bero på den norm om menstruation som förekommer i skolan, där fördomar och nedtystning förekommer, vilket eleverna upplever att lärarna undviker i sin kommunikation och hantering med eleverna
Football's potential benefits inphysical education : A qualitative investigation of the use of footballin physical education
No full textSyftet med denna studie är att undersöka och bidra till en ökad förståelse för hur lärare i idrott och hälsa ser på användandet av fotboll i undervisningen och dess påverkan på ungdomars personliga utveckling, samt diskutera hur denna förståelse kan vara relevant för lärarprofessionen. Utifrån studiens syfte besvaras följande forskningsfrågor: Hur ser lärare påanvändandet av fotboll inom ämnet idrott och hälsa? Samt på vilka sätt anser lärare att fotbollsom vald aktivitet i idrott och hälsa kan påverka ungdomars personliga utveckling? Metodvalet för denna studie utgår från en kvalitativ ansats. Respondenterna i denna studie är fem idrottslärare som jobbar med barn och ungdomar i årkurs 4–9, dessa valdes utifrån ett bekvämlighetsurval med redan etablerade kontakter. Data samlades in genom ljudinspelade semistrukturerade intervjuer, detta gjordes för att få en djupare förståelse för lärarnas egna erfarenheter och uppfattningar. Studiens resultat tyder på att lärarna ser på fotboll, som vald aktivitet i ämnet idrott och hälsa,som mer än bara en fysisk aktivitet. Fotboll framställs som ett verktyg med god potential när det kommer till att arbeta med elevers personliga utveckling och deras lärande. Resultatet lyfter även möjligheter och utmaningar som kommer med att arbeta med fotboll i ämnet utifrån lärarnas utsagor. Studiens slutsats lyfter fram vikten av att lärare är medvetna om sin bakgrund och sina erfarenheter för att förstå sina förutfattade meningar om fotbollens inverkan på utvecklingoch lärande. Resultaten avslöjade också utmaningar för idrottslärare att inkludera alla elever med fotboll som vald aktivitet. En möjlig lösning för att främja en mer inkluderande undervisning är att aktivt integrera fotbollen med andra sporter och fysiska aktiviteter. Att skapa förutsättningar för inkluderande undervisning kan skapa en miljö där elever med olika färdigheter och förmågor kan trivas och utvecklas.This study aims to investigate and contribute to an increased understanding of how physicaleducation teachers view the use of football in teaching and its impact on the personaldevelopment of young people, as well as discuss how this understanding can be relevant to the teaching profession. Based on the purpose of the study, the following research questionsare answered: How do teachers view the use of football in the subject of physical education? And in what ways do teachers believe that football as a chosen activity in physical educationcan affect young people's personal development? The choice of method for this study is based on a qualitative approach. The respondents inthis study are five physical education teachers who work with children and young people ingrades 4–9, these were chosen based on a convenience sample with already established contacts. Data was collected through audio-recorded semi-structured interviews. This wasdone to gain a deeper understanding of the teachers' own experiences and perceptions. The results of the study indicate that the teachers see football, as a chosen activity in thesubject of sports and health, as more than just a physical activity. Football is presented as atool with good potential when it comes to working with students' personal development andtheir learning. The result also highlights opportunities and challenges that come with workingwith football in the subject based on the teachers' statements. The study's conclusion highlights the importance of teachers being aware of their backgroundand experiences to understand their preconceived notions about football's impact ondevelopment and learning. The results also revealed challenges for physical educationteachers to include all students with soccer as their chosen activity. A possible solution topromote more inclusive education is to actively integrate football with other sports andphysical activities. Creating the conditions for inclusive teaching can create an environmentwhere students with different skills and abilities can thrive and develop
Tävla i bollspel? : En kvalitativ studie om idrottslärares attityd till tävling i bollspel i sin undervisning på högstadiet
No full textAim The purpose of this qualitative study is to investigate attitudes to competition in ball gamesamong physical education teachers at junior high school. The study's questions are: 1. What attitude(s) do physical education teachers at junior high school have in theapplication of competitive elements in their own teaching of ball games? 2. What do physical education teachers at junior high school think that competition inball games could possibly be included in the curriculum in sports and health? Method This study has been carried out with a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews.The sample consisted of six professional physical education teachers at junior high school inthe Stockholm area, of which three were women and three were men. Their answers weretranscribed and analyzed through a phenomenological analysis also called IPA (interpretivephenomenological analysis), which is adequate for interpreting qualitative results. Results The results show that some teachers believe that competition motivates and engages students,while others see negative effects such as arguments and a focus on winning instead. Teachingtime in ball games among teachers varies, and opinions on integrating competitive elementsinto the curriculum are divided, with some teachers believing in positive impacts and otherspreferring flexibility in teaching. Conclusion The study shows that physical education teachers at junior high school have varying attitudestowards competitive moments in ball games. Some teachers believe that competition is anatural part of teaching and is a positive lesson for students, while others prefer to avoid it toavoid negative effects. Despite the awareness of risks, the teachers see competition as apositive tool for motivation and interaction. Implementing competition in the curriculumwould lead to different approaches among teachers. Overall, the study shows a complexity inthe teachers' view of competitive elements in ball game teaching.Keywords: Competition, ball game teaching, physical education teachers, junior high school,attitudeSyfte och frågeställningar Syftet med denna kvalitativa studie är att undersöka attityder till tävling inom bollspel hosidrottslärare på högstadiet. 1. Vilken/vilka attityd/er har idrottslärare på högstadiet i tillämpningen av tävlingsmoment i sin egen undervisning i bollspel? 2. Vad anser idrottslärare på högstadiet om att tävling i bollspel möjligtvis skulle inkluderas i kursplanen inom idrott och hälsa? Metod Denna studie har genomförts med en kvalitativ ansats med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Urvalet bestod av sex yrkesverksamma idrottslärare på högstadiet i Stockholmsområdet varav tre var kvinnor och tre var män. Deras svar transkriberades och analyserades genom en fenomenologisk analys även kallad IPA (interpretativephenomenological analysis) vilken är adekvat för tolkning av kvalitativa resultat. Resultat Resultatet i studien visar varierande synpunkter bland idrottslärare gällande tävlingsmoment inom bollspelsundervisningen på högstadiet. I resultatet framkommer det att vissa lärare anser att tävling motiverar och engagerar elever medan andra ser negativa effekter som bråk och fokus på att vinna i stället. Undervisningstiden i bollspel hos lärarna varierar, och åsikterna om att integrera tävlingsmoment i kursplanen är delade, med vissa av lärarna som tror på positiva påverkningar och andra som föredrar flexibilitet i undervisningen. Slutsats Vissa lärare anser att tävling naturligt ingår i undervisningen och är en positiv lärdom för elever, medan andra föredrar att undvika det för att undvika negativa effekter. Trots medvetenheten om risker ser lärarna tävling som ett positivt verktyg för motivation och samspel. Implementering av tävling i kursplanen skulle leda till olika tillvägagångssätt bland lärarna. Sammantaget visar studien en komplexitet i lärarnas syn på tävlingsmoment i bollspelsundervisningen
Mental health problems, sleep quality and overuse injuries in advanced Swedish rock-climbers - the CLIMB study.
No full textOBJECTIVES: To examine the prevalence of mental health problems (depression, anxiety, and stress), sleep quality, and disability due to overuse injuries in advanced and elite rock-climbers. The rock-climbers were compared to a group of non-climbing controls. METHODS: A self-selected sample of advanced and elite Swedish rock-climbing athletes was recruited through the Swedish Rock-climbing Federation, local rock-climbing gyms and through social media. A control group, matched in size was recruited. Participants in the control group answered an online survey of validated questionnaires, examining symptoms of stress, anxiety, depression, sleep quality. The climbing participants answered the same survey as the non-climbing controls but with additional questions regarding musculoskeletal problems and disabilities related to these. Outcome measures used were the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and The Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Overuse Injury Questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 183 participants were included in the rock-climbing group, and 180 participants in the control group. In the rock-climbing group the mean age (SD) was 28.2 (8.3) years among women and 30.5 (9.6) years in men. The mean BMI of women was 21.2 (2.2) and 22.8 (2.1) in men. A total of 30.6% of the rock-climbing group (26.7% of men, 35.9% of women) reported at least moderate levels of symptoms of depression and 23.1% (17.2% men, 30.8% women) at least moderate levels of symptoms of anxiety. A total of 48.4% of rock-climbers (39.1% men, and 61.6% women) reported at least moderate levels of symptoms of stress. Among the rock-climbers, 45.0% reported having poor sleep quality. There were no statistical significant differences (p = 0.052-0.96) in mental health problems or sleeping problems between the rock-climbers and the controls. Among rock-climbers, reports of one-week prevalence of injury related problems was: Finger and hand (49.5%), Shoulder (35.2%), Knee (29.1%), Lumbar back (26.4%), Arm (25.3%), Thoracic back and neck (17.0%), and Foot and lower leg (12.1%). CONCLUSION: The overall results indicate high levels of symptoms of mental health problems and poor sleep quality in both rock-climbers and controls. Although no significant differences between the climbing group and the control group was displayed, symptoms that warrant clinical attention is high. Overuse injuries were commonly reported among the rock-climbers in all examined injury locations. Previous studies reporting mental health problems to be more prevalent among athletes were contradicted in this study. The results display the need for a broader perspective regarding climbers general health and the need to provide structured care and adequate support in order to come to terms with these concerns
Sport management
No full textUtvecklingen av svensk sport management som såväl utbildnings- som forskningsfält har varit markant de senaste decennierna och pågår i allra högsta grad fortfarande. I detta kapitel beskriver vi denna utveckling. Vad som ingår i fältet sport management är dock en diskussionsfråga. Vi har valt att avgränsa det utifrån de fyra verben planera, organisera, leda och utvärdera, vilka hämtats från en trilogi om svensk sport management (Bäckström m fl 2018, 2019, 2020). För att illustrera svensk sport managements utveckling redogör vi för hur sport managementutbildning tar sig uttryck, då detta säger en del om hur vi ser på ämnesområdet i Sverige. Därefter redogör vi för forskningsfältets framväxt med särskilt fokus på ett urval av avhandlingar, och annan forskningsproduktion. Avslutningsvis belyser vi hur svensk sport management förhåller sig till internationell dito. Att sätta genomgången i ett internationellt perspektiv blir ett sätt belysa det särskilt svenska
Exploring the enacted content of the Practising Model : A Bildung theoretical perspective
No full textVarious attempts have been made to emphasise the educational purpose of physical education (PE). Ennis (2011) has noted that understandings of content shift depending on curriculum. The aim of the paper is to explore what the enacted content becomes when the Practising Model is implemented in PE. Four PE teachers, in two Swedish secondary schools, enacted the Practising Model with five classes for 10–17 lessons. Qualitative data were generated in the form of video recordings of lessons, interviews with students and teachers, and student-produced material. The findings are presented as three main content areas: (a) general-subject content, typically teacher-initiated and involving planning and evaluation; (b) subject-specific content, largely student- initiated and encompassing the adoption, appreciation, exploration, understanding, and grasping of movement qualities; and (c) persona-developing content, focusing on character development through persisting and daring. A discussion of the findings using Categorical Bildung is presented, illustrating the added value the enacted content may bring students in terms of their Bildung. The study highlights the diversity of content engagement and the fluidity between content categories. This diversity also introduces a challenge in the changing relationship between content and teaching. The organising centre for PE and its relation to content are discussed. The paper concludes with suggestions for future research
Barns motorik 1974–2024: En enkätstudie om förändringar i skolelevers motoriska kompetens
No full textFlera internationella studier visar en nedgång i skolelevers motoriska kompetens. I Sverige saknas studier som dokumenterat förändringar i barns motoriska kompetens över tid. Syfte: Att belysa lärares bedömningar av hur barns motoriska färdigheter förändrats de senaste 10–20 åren. Metod: Sveriges lärare i idrott och hälsa, som undervisat i förskoleklass och/eller årskurs 1–6 under minst 10 år, inbjöds att i en enkätstudie skatta förändringar i barns motoriska förmåga. Som mätinstrument valdes elva motoriska färdigheter och en öppen fråga, vilka sammanställdes till MUGIH motorikskattning (MI-M11). Av 59 intresseanmälningar besvarade 46 lärare enkätformuläret. Resultat: Såväl kvalitativa som kvantitativa data visar en betydande nedgång i motorisk kompetens under de senaste 10–20 åren i samtliga elva av lärare skattade färdigheter. En stor förändring till det sämre märks i både förskoleklass–årskurs 3 och årskurs 4–6. Resultaten tyder på att gruppen barn med låg motorisk kompetens har ökat från 15 till drygt 30 procent bland yngre barn (förskoleklass–årskurs 3) under de senaste 15–20 åren. I årskurs 4–6 märks en ökning från 10 till 23 procent under samma period. Slutsats: De försämringar i motoriska färdigheter som redovisats är alarmerande eftersom motorisk kompetens har stor betydelse för barns deltagande i rörelselek och idrott samt för en livslång hälsosam livsstil. Observationer vid skolstarten kan vara en värdefull strategi för tidig upptäckt av elever i behov av extra motorikstöd. Ökad schemalagd idrottsundervisning, strukturerade motorikobservationer och anpassat motorikstöd skulle kunna bromsa den negativa trenden och eventuellt återställa de sänkta motoriknivåerna bland barn
Estocolmo 1910. Intrahistoria De Un Viaje De Instrucción Para «Estudiar Los Métodos De La Gimnasia Sueca»
No full textStockholm 1910. Inside Story of a Study Trip to "Learn the Methods of Swedish Gymnastics" In 1910, two young professors from the Spanish Infantry Academy disembarked in Stockholm; First Medical Officer Federico González Deleito and Infantry Captain Federico Gómez de Salazar y Orduña. They were fulfilling a deeply cherished dream: to firsthand learn the methods of Swedish gymnastics at the Central Gymnastics Institute in Stockholm. At that time, Swedish gymnastics was world-renowned, and many people traveled to Stockholm from all over the world to learn the method. This article tells the story of the two Spaniards visit to Stockholm and the experiences they brought back to Spain.
Children's Rights to and in Sport : A Comparative Analysis of Organizational Policies in the Scandinavian Countries
No full textIt has long been stated that children have the rights to protection from, e.g., abuse and to the provision of age-appropriate leisure, play, and recreational activities along with participation in all matters that concerns them. Yet, the full range of children's rights to and in sport has not yet been explored in detail. To do so, it is relevant to turn to the Scandinavian countries, which are praised for promoting children's rights and well-being, with organized sport forming part of the daily lives of many children and youths. In this paper, we examine the organizational policies in Scandinavian sport in order to develop foundational knowledge about how the range of children's rights to and in sport may be supported. Comparing key policy documents of the major sports confederations in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, these analyses identify great variety in the following: 1. when and how children's rights to and in sport have been made explicit in the three countries; 2. whether the emphasis is on protection and/or provision of sport to children and youths or their participation in shaping sporting activities; 3. the degree to and ways in which such rights are regulated. In sum, our findings reflect a disparity between organizational policies in the three countries, with a more liberal and individualistic approach to public policy in the Danish context, providing some explanation of the only recent development in and scattered enaction of regulations to support children's rights to and in sports. Furthermore, we identify that political attention has mainly been drawn to the protection and provision of sports to children and youths, while their participation in shaping sport is a shared challenge for sport confederations in the Scandinavian countries and beyond