The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences
Not a member yet
3569 research outputs found
Sort by
Health education in Swedish schools - what's on offer?
No full textThe aim of this paper is to identify the dominant discourses of health and wellbeing that are offered in health education in Swedish schools. Issues of health and wellbeing are covered mainly in four school subjects in Sweden: physical education and health, home and consumer studies, biology, and social studies, and therefore, we interviewed teachers from those subjects to generate data. Six interrelated health discourses were identified from the data. All discourses were, however, also embedded within a health discourse with a comprehensive description of health as physical, psychological and social wellbeing. Results suggest that schools offer a Western and White discourse of health and that some content is overemphasised, and some is missing in relation to other non-dominant discourses of health and wellbeing
Perceived exertion can be lower when exercising in field versus indoors
No full textPurpose: Studies indicate that the rated perceived exertion (RPE) during physical exercise can be lower in field environments than indoors. The environmental conditions of those studies are explored. Furthermore, we study if the same phenomenon is valid when cycling indoors versus in cycle commuting environments with high levels of stimuli from both traffic and suburban-urban elements. Methods: Twenty commuter cyclists underwent measurements of heart rate (HR) and oxygen uptake (V̇O2) and RPE assessments for breathing and legs, respectively, while cycling in both laboratory and field conditions. A validated mobile metabolic system was used in the field to measure V̇O2. Three submaximal cycle ergometer workloads in the laboratory were used to establish linear regression equations between RPE and % of HR reserve (%HRR) and %V̇O2max, separately. Based on these equations, RPE from the laboratory was predicted and compared with RPE levels at the participants’ individual cycle commutes at equal intensities. The same approach was used to predict field intensities and for comparisons with corresponding measured intensities at equal RPE levels. Results: The predicted RPE levels based on the laboratory cycling were significantly higher than the RPE levels in cycle commuting at equal intensities (67% of HRR; 65% of V̇O2max). For breathing, the mean RPE levels were; 14.0-14.2 in the laboratory and 12.6 in the field. The corresponding levels for legs were; 14.0-14.2 and 11.5. The range of predicted field intensities in terms of %HRR and %V̇O2max was 46-56%, which corresponded to median differences of 19-30% compared to the measured intensities in field at equal RPE. Conclusion: The cycle commuters perceived a lower exertion during their cycle commutes compared to ergometer cycling in a laboratory at equal exercise intensities. This may be due to a higher degree of external stimuli in field, although influences from other possible causes cannot be ruled out.FAA
Cognitive Development and Decision Making in Basketball : A Comparison between Male Players with and without Intellectual Impairment and across Different Age-Groups
No full textThe aim of this study was to investigate the role of age and intellectual impairment (II) in decision-making in basketball. The current study investigated differences in decision making between equally well-trained adult basketball male players with intellectual impairment (players with II) (n = 93), adults without II (senior) (n = 44) and youth basketball players (under-14, n = 31; under-16, n = 25; under-18, n = 30). A computer test was developed composed by 20 photographs displaying various basketball game-situations, and participants had to decide as fast as possible what the player in ball possession should do: dribble, pass or shoot. Decision time and accuracy were recorded for every situation. Players with II had slower decision time (3.8 ± 1.8 s vs. 1.5 ± 0.5 s, p < 0.001) and less decision-making accuracy (15.7 ± 2.8 correct decisions vs. 17.9 ± 1.2 correct decisions, p < 0.001) compared to senior players without II. Discriminant analysis with speed and accuracy as independent variables classified 91.2% (CCA = 0.769) of the players correctly into their group: players with II or players without II. A Spearman correlation revealed that age correlated significantly (p < 0.001) with the number of correct decisions (rs = 0.269) and mean decision time (rs = −0.331). Our findings support that decision making in basketball develops with age and experience, but is significantly deteriorated in experienced adult players who have II. Decision-making should be considered as an important eligibility criterion to participate in competitive basketball events for male players with II
Målet i sikte: muskeldysmorfi i ungdomsfotbollen : En tvärsnittsstudie av muskeldysmorfisymtom hos manliga tonårsfotbollsspelare
No full textSyfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka prevalensen av muskeldysmorfi, samt undersöka underkategorierna inom MDDI hos unga män som utövar fotboll. Frågeställning: A)Hur vanligt förekommande är symtom av muskeldysmorfi hos unga manliga fotbollsspelare B)Skiljer sig prevalensen av muskeldysmorfi beroende på socioekonomisk status, BMI och spelarnivå. Metod: Studiens tillvägagångssätt består av en kvantitativ tvärsnittsdesign vilken tillämpar digitala enkäter som inkluderar Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory (MDDI) för att mäta muskeldysmorfi. Deltagare rekryterades från fotbollsföreningar och kategoriserades efter BMI, tävlingsnivå och socioekonomisk status baserat på SCB:s postnummerindex. Resultat: Resultaten visade att en mindre andel av deltagarna (4,71%) uppvisade symtom på muskeldysmorfi med en total MDDI-poäng över 40. Det observerades inga signifikanta samband mellan den totala MDDI-poängen baserade på BMI, tävlingsnivå och socioekonomisk status. Däremot fanns det en statistiskt signifikant koppling i MDDI-underkategorin Appearance Intolerance och socioekonomisk status samt tävlingsnivå, då högre poäng för spelare från högre socioekonomiska bakgrunder och lägre tävlingsnivåer kunde observeras. Vidare förekom ett signifikant samband mellan lägre BMI och högre poäng i MDDI- underkategorin Drive for Size. Slutsats: Resultaten tyder inte på att muskeldysmorfi är särskilt vanligt bland unga manliga fotbollspelare, vilket leder till slutsatsen att medan en medvetenhet om tillståndet kan vara av värde, bör framtida forskning fokusera på att ytterligare utforska prevalensen av muskeldysmorfi och de faktorer som påverkar det. Detta är avgörande för att utveckla effektiva förebyggande och stödjande strategier inom idrotten, speciellt anpassade till denna unga målgrup
Vad är det som gör att anställda nyttjar eller inte nyttjar friskvårdsbidraget?
No full textSyfte och frågeställningar: Syftet med studien är att undersöka olika faktorer som är av betydelse för att anställda nyttjar eller inte nyttjar sitt friskvårdsbidrag. För att undersöka det har 4 frågeställningar formulerats: 1.Finns det skillnader gällande variablerna kön, ålder, utbildningsnivå och fysisk aktivitetsnivå för nyttjande av friskvårdsbidrag? 2.Vad är det som gör att anställda nyttjar respektive inte nyttjar friskvårdsbidraget? 3.Hur stor andel av deltagarna rapporterar att de vet hur de kan använda friskvårdsbidraget och nyttjar det? 4.Hur har deltagarna fått kännedom kring friskvårdsbidraget och vad nyttjas det till? Metod: Studien var en kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie i form av en enkätundersökning och baserades på en pilotenkät. Urvalet bestod av anställda på ett statligt ägt företag i Stockholms län med olika befattningar och som gemensamt för dem alla innebar ett stillasittande arbete. Totalt skickades enkäten ut till 308 personer med svarsfrekvens på 43.8% (n=135). Enkäten utformades i Google docs. Data samlades in i Excel och beräkning av statistiken gjordes med Fischer's exakta test i statistikprogrammet Jamovi. Resultat: Resultatet visade att de flesta nyttjade friskvårdsbidraget för att känna sig piggare och gladare medan de vanligaste hindren var tidsbrist, bristande intresse för motion och svårigheter med att använda bidraget. Två resultat i studien var signifikanta: att de som uppnådde rekommendationerna om >150 aktivitetsminuter/vecka nyttjade friskvårdsbidraget i större utsträckning jämfört med de som inte uppnådde rekommendationerna (p=0.008) och att de som visste hur de kunde nyttja friskvårdsbidraget nyttjade det i större utsträckning (p=0.028). Slutsats: Det krävs fortsatt arbete för att främja användningen av friskvårdsbidraget. Detta inkluderar strategier för att nå ut till de personer som inte nyttjar friskvårdsbidraget eller som inte är fysiskt aktiva för närvarande. Genom implementering av utbildning för chefer om fördelar med en hälsosam arbetsplats och för de anställda om fördelar med fysisk aktivitet tillsammans med en ökad spridning av information kring tillgängliga friskvårdsförmåner på arbetsplatsen så främjar det en större hälsomedvetenhet bland alla inblandade
Nutrition guidance within a multimodal intervention improves diet quality in prodromal Alzheimer’s disease : Multimodal Preventive Trial for Alzheimer’s Disease (MIND-ADmini)
No full textBackground: Multimodal lifestyle interventions can benefit overall health, including cognition, in populations at-risk for dementia. However, little is known about the effect of lifestyle interventions in patients with prodromal Alzheimer's disease (AD). Even less is known about dietary intake and adherence to dietary recommendations within this population making it difficult to design tailored interventions for them. Method: A 6-month MIND-ADmini pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted among 93 participants with prodromal AD in Sweden, Finland, Germany, and France. Three arms were included in the RCT: 1) multimodal lifestyle intervention (nutritional guidance, exercise, cognitive training, vascular/metabolic risk management, and social stimulation); 2) multimodal lifestyle intervention + medical food product; and 3) regular health advice (control group). Adherence to dietary advice was assessed with a brief food intake questionnaire by using the Healthy Diet Index (HDI) and Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS). The intake of macro- and micronutrients were analyzed on a subsample using 3-day food records. Results: The dietary quality in the intervention groups, pooled together, improved compared to that of the control group at the end of the study, as measured with by HDI (p = 0.026) and MEDAS (p = 0.008). The lifestyle-only group improved significantly more in MEDAS (p = 0.046) and almost significantly in HDI (p = 0.052) compared to the control group, while the lifestyle + medical food group improved in both HDI (p = 0.042) and MEDAS (p = 0.007) during the study. There were no changes in macro- or micronutrient intake for the intervention groups at follow-up; however, the intakes in the control group declined in several vitamins and minerals when adjusted for energy intake. Conclusion: These results suggest that dietary intervention as part of multimodal lifestyle interventions is feasible and results in improved dietary quality in a population with prodromal AD. Nutrient intakes remained unchanged in the intervention groups while the control group showed a decreasing nutrient density
Do Swedish rock-climbers exhibit more eating disorder and body dissatisfaction symptoms than non-climbers? A cross-sectional study.
No full textOBJECTIVES: The inclusion of rock-climbing in the Olympic Games has increased participation in the sport and attention to athletes' health. In sports where the importance of low body weight is considerate, there is an increased risk of developing eating disorders (EDs). There is sparse research on EDs among rock-climbers. The primary aim was to map ED symptoms among rock-climbers compared with controls. The secondary aim was to analyze differences in body dissatisfaction. Comparisons between rock-climbing levels and sexes were performed. DESIGN: This is a cross-sectional study in a larger prospective longitudinal study series, CLIMB: Climber's Longitudinal attitudes towards Injury, Mental health and Body image, using baseline data. PARTICIPANTS: Swedish rock-climbers, at an advanced and elite level according to the International Rock Climbing Research Association, participated. Participants were at least 13 years old. 183 rock-climbers partook with a mean age of 29.5 (SD=9.1) with two participants under 15 years old. 180 controls partook with a mean age of 29.0 (SD=8.9). There were no control participants under 15 years of age. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Data was gathered through a self-report questionnaire collecting the primary outcome measure, ED symptoms (Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) V.6.0) and the secondary outcome measure, body dissatisfaction (Body Shape Questionnaire-8C). RESULTS: There were no differences between rock-climbers and controls regarding ED symptoms. Symptoms were higher among female rock-climbers (26%) than male (5.8%). Regarding body dissatisfaction, the control group reported higher levels compared with rock-climbers. At least a mild concern was observed in 13.3% of male rock-climbers, compared with 47.4% of females. CONCLUSIONS: Although there was no difference in the EDE-Q V.6.0 between rock-climbers and controls, females reported significantly more symptoms than men. Regarding body dissatisfaction, female rock-climbers exhibited higher levels of dissatisfaction than males. Further, higher levels of dissatisfaction were reported in controls, especially in men, where symptoms were three times higher than rock-climbers. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05587270
Barn- och ungdomsidrottens utveckling – en framgångssaga?
No full textI det här kapitlet riktas fokus mot barn- och ungdomsidrotten utveckling. Med utgångspunkt i några av de mål som idrottsrörelsen såväl som staten formulerat redogör jag kort för några av resultaten i ett 20-tal doktorsavhandlingar på området. Därefter diskuterar jag om idrottsrörelsens utveckling, från en mansrörelse till en ungdomsrörelse för både pojkar och flickor, kan ses som en framgångssaga i alla avseenden. Frågor som behandlas är i vilken omfattning barn och unga deltar, hur de upplever sitt idrottande, vad unga lär sig och vad idrotten fostrar till samt vilken miljö som leder till optimal idrottsutveckling. Barn- och ungdomsidrottens utveckling är framgångsrik på många sätt men flera utmaningar återstår
Children’s Participation Rights in Daily Movement
No full textPrevious studies of children´s physical activity focus on the importance of movement based on health reasons (Chaput et al., 2020; Rosell et al., 2021; Santana et al., 2017). However, the studies say little about children´s view of movement and what is needed for them to be able to move. The school provides a platform to give children opportunities to move, but today not all children are given the conditions they require (Nyberg et al., 2021). This study therefore aims to investigate how children (10-12 years) experience their opportunities for movement at school, and how their rights to have a voice are included. The goal is also to find answers to the question: how do children experience participation in terms of movement in school? The methods are inspired by the Mosaic Approach (Clark, 2017), where children are seen as competent, which relates to the foundation of this study (Corsaro, 2000, 2018; Mayall, 2015; Quennerstedt et al., 2020). Child-led tours and interviews have been carried out with 22 children. To make visible and problematize how children experience opportunities for movement and participation, the results are presented in the form of composite narratives. The results from this study contribute with knowledge about how children´s rights are embedded when school promote movement.
Fundament for a methodological standard to process hip accelerometer data to a measure of physical activity intensity in middle-aged individuals.
No full textBACKGROUND: There is a lack of a methodological standard to process accelerometer data to measures of physical activity, which impairs data quality and comparability. This study investigated the effect of different combinations of settings of multiple processing components, on the measure of physical activity and the association with measures of cardiometabolic health in an unselected population of middle-aged individuals. METHODS: Free-living hip accelerometer data, aerobic fitness, body mass index, HDL:total cholesterol ratio, blood glucose, and systolic blood pressure were achieved from 4391 participants 50-64 years old included in The Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) baseline measurement (cross-sectional). Lab data were also included for calibration of accelerometers to provide comparable measure of physical activity intensity and time spent in different intensity categories, as well as to enhance understanding. The accelerometer data processing components were hardware recalibration, frequency filtering, number of accelerometer axes, epoch length, wear time criterium, time composition (min/24 h vs. % of wear time). Partial least regression and ordinary least regression were used for the association analyses. RESULTS: The setting of frequency filter had the strongest effect on the physical activity intensity measure and time distribution in different intensity categories followed by epoch length and number of accelerometer axes. Wear time criterium and recalibration of accelerometer data were less important. The setting of frequency filter and epoch length also showed consistent important effect on the associations with the different measures of cardiometabolic health, while the effect of recalibration, number of accelerometer axes, wear time criterium and expression of time composition was less consistent and less important. There was a large range in explained variance of the measures of cardiometabolic health depending on the combination of processing settings, for example, 12.1%-20.8% for aerobic fitness and 5.8%-14.0% for body mass index. CONCLUSIONS: There was a large variation in the physical activity intensity measure and the association with different measures of cardiometabolic health depending on the combination of settings of accelerometer data processing components. The results provide a fundament for a standard to process hip accelerometer data to assess the physical activity in middle-aged populations