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Natural and Cultural Values of the Szadek Municipality in Geography Education – an Educational Trail Project
No full textThe article presents a project for an educational trail in the municipality of Szadek, integrating natural assets (e.g., the Jamno reserve, the Pichna valley, peat bogs) and cultural assets (medieval market square, Gothic church, traditional village, insurgents’ grave). It emphasizes the role of field education in developing key competences, pro‑environmental attitudes, and students’ regional identity. The proposed route enables practical exploration of the environment, observation of natural and cultural phenomena, and alignment with the core geography curriculum. The article highlights that educational trails foster learning through experience, integrate various fields of knowledge, strengthen bonds with the region, and that their design can involve both teachers and students.Artykuł prezentuje projekt ścieżki dydaktycznej w gminie Szadek, integrującej walory przyrodnicze (np. rezerwat Jamno, dolina Pichny, torfowiska) i kulturowe (średniowieczny rynek, gotycki kościół, tradycyjna wieś, mogiła powstańców). Podkreśla rolę edukacji terenowej w rozwijaniu kompetencji kluczowych, postaw proekologicznych i tożsamości regionalnej uczniów. Proponowana trasa umożliwia praktyczne poznanie środowiska, obserwację zjawisk przyrodniczych i kulturowych oraz realizację podstawy programowej geografii. Artykuł wskazuje, że ścieżki dydaktyczne sprzyjają nauce przez doświadczenie, integrują różne dziedziny wiedzy i budują więź z regionem, a ich projektowanie może angażować nauczycieli i uczniów
Is There a Sociologist in the Room? Raising the Sociological Voice in Educational Spaces
No full textEducational spaces are both material and human sites. While people design and build the physical space of educational institutions, these spaces also shape human behavior, interaction, and thought, playing a crucial role in the articulation of discourse. Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) in educational research tends to rely primarily on document and text analysis, often overlooking the spatial dimensions of discourse and how social actors interpret the spaces they inhabit. This article presents the use of semiotic codes analysis of educational spaces as a methodological tool for studying discourse in institutions where ethnographic access is limited. Drawing on a qualitative study conducted in twelve Israeli state schools, this article examines how global discourses of entrepreneurialism and aspiration, which promote an ideal of a future-oriented and self-managing individual, are expressed and interpreted in everyday school settings. Through observations, walking interviews, and semiotic analysis, the study demonstrates how spatial articulations, wall texts, and visual displays work together with educators’ interpretations to shape and sometimes contest dominant ideals. The analysis merges critical spatial semiotics with a pragmatic approach to everyday meaning-making, offering a methodologically innovative and reflexive approach to discourse analysis in education
Disneyizations and Disneyfications and Cultural Production: A View from the Perspective of the Cultural History of Modernity
No full textOświadczenie autorów: „Tekst powstał ze wsparciem wyszukiwania zarówno Scopus AI (deep research), jak i ChatGPT i Google Gemini, a także korekty językowo-stylistycznej programu Microsoft Copilot – asystenta programu MS Word. Bibliografia zbierana
była również przez program Zotero”.This text attempts to provide a synthetic overview of the phenomena of Disneyization and Disneyfication in the context of the transformations occurring in the functioning of art worlds in the 20th and 21st centuries. The authors begin with Alan Bryman’s perspective to demonstrate the connections between consumer culture and cultural production, and then, through the lens of the cultural history of modernity, explain how the paradigmatic anti-experience of the early 20th century influenced the representation of reality and the development of film conventions at the Walt Disney studio. The researchers then attempt to frame Disney’s work within the model of art’s syncopated nature, understood not as a simple repetition of earlier forms, but as a rhythm of returns and shifts, in which each iteration carries an element of discontinuity. Syncopity is revealed here as a figure of tension — demonstrating that art, despite dispersion and fragmentation, maintains coherence precisely through constant transformation, not through the copying of fixed patterns. The article thus emphasises that contemporary artistic practices operate within a logic of dynamic difference rather than faithful repetition, opening the door to renewed reflection on persistence and change in visual culture. The following sections provide discussions about the articles comprised of the theme of this issue
Supposition: No Problem for Bilateralism
No full textIn a recent paper, Nils Kürbis argues that bilateral natural deduction systems in which assertions and denials figure as hypothetical assumptions are unintelligible. In this paper, I respond to this claim on two counts. First, I argue that, if we think of bilateralism as a tool for articulating discursive norms, then supposition of assertions and denials in the context of bilateral natural deduction systems is perfectly intelligible. Second, I show that, by transposing such systems into sequent notation, one can make perfect sense of them without talking about supposition at all, just talking in terms of relations of committive consequence. I conclude by providing some motivation for adopting this normative interpretation of bilateralism on which this response to Kürbis’s argument is based
Between Ideas and Pragmatism: Józef Tejchma Confronting the Origins of the Rural Youth Union
No full textThe article focuses on the origins of the Union of Rural Youth established in 1957. Its aim is to illustrate the dilemmas faced by one of the founders and the first chairman of the organization, a former member of the agrarian Związek Młodzieży Wiejskiej RP „Wici” and the communist Związek Młodzieży Polskiej. The text outlines the decisions made by Józef Tejchma in the context of the spontaneous events of 1956 and details how he consciously chose to be one of the builders of the new reality under Gomułka.Artykuł skupia się na powstaniu Związku Młodzieży Wiejskiej w 1957 r. Jego celem jest ukazanie dylematów, które stanęły przed jednym z założycieli i pierwszym przewodniczącym organizacji – dawnym członkiem agrarystycznego Związku Młodzieży Wiejskiej RP „Wici” oraz komunistycznego Związku Młodzieży Polskiej. Tekst ukazuje, jakie decyzje podjął Józef Tejchma w obliczu żywiołowego roku 1956 i jak świadomie zdecydował się zostać jednym z budowniczych nowej, gomułkowskiej rzeczywistości
Unusual Deaths of Silesian Piasts in the 15th Century – Selected Cases
No full textPiastowie śląscy w XV w. nie mieli już takiego politycznego znaczenia jak ich XIV-wieczni przodkowie, brakowało postaci takich jak Bolko II Mały lub Władysław Opolczyk. Jednocześnie Piastowie dalej sprawowali władzę nad częściami Śląska, będąc podległymi władzy królów czeskich. Epizodycznie wspominani byli przy okazji ważniejszych wydarzeń przez Jana Długosza w jego Rocznikach. Tenże poświęcił kilkakrotnie więcej miejsca nietypowym zgonom Piastów: zabity na trakcie Przemysław II cieszyński, poległy w bitwie z heretykami Jan ziębicki, zmarły w lochu Baltazar żagański i oddający życie w służbie najemniczej, walczący dla Zakonu Krzyżackiego Rudolf żagański. Tekst ten przybliża okoliczności zgonów wspomnianych, a także weryfikuje wiarygodność przekazu Jana Długosza z dostępnymi innymi źródłami i badaniami współczesnych historyków.In the 15th century, the Silesian Piasts no longer had the same political significance as their 14th-century predecessors; there were no more figures like Bolko II the Small or Władysław Opolczyk. At the same time, the Piasts continued to rule over parts of Silesia, being subordinate to the Czech kings. They were mentioned episodically by Jan Długosz in his Annals on the occasion of more important events. Długosz devoted several times more space to the unusual deaths of the Piasts, such as: Przemysław II of Cieszyn, who was killed on the road, Jan of Ziębice, who fell in battle with the heretics, Baltazar Żagański, who died in a dungeon, and Rudolf Żagański, a mercenary who fought for the Teutonic Order. This text describes the circumstances of the deaths mentioned, and verifies the reliability of Jan Długoszʼs message with other available sources and research by contemporary historians
Applications of Computational Linguistics and Language Corpora in Opinion Studies: Editorial to Research in Language 2025 Special Issue Section
No full textMychajło Hruszewski jako założyciel i redaktor czasopism dla chłopstwa
No full textThis article investigates the content, ideological foundations, and public reception of the periodicals Selo and Zasiv, edited by Mykhailo Hrushevsky. It demonstrates that thanks to a well-considered editorial policy, these newspapers gained considerable popularity among the broader populace. The article puts the emphasis on the fact that the historian’s publishing initiatives, oriented toward a peasant readership, became an important component of the national socio-political movement in the Ukrainian territories of the Russian Empire at the beginning of the 20th century.Artykuł poświęcony jest wyjaśnieniu treści, podstaw ideologicznych i odbioru społecznego czasopism „Selo” i „Zasiv” wydawanych pod redakcją Mychajło Hruszewskiego. Udowodniono, że dzięki przemyślanej polityce redakcyjnej gazety zyskały znaczną popularność wśród ogółu społeczeństwa. Podkreśla się, że projekty wydawnicze historyka skierowane do chłopskiej publiczności stały się ważnym elementem narodowego ruchu społeczno-politycznego na ukraińskich ziemiach Imperium Rosyjskiego na początku XX w
Philippe Arnaud, Pierres de touches : Fiction et véridiction de Proust à Giono, Paris : L’Harmattan, coll. « Critiques Littéraires », 2024, 156 p., ISBN 978-2-336-46268-4
No full textAir Warfare and International Humanitarian Law
No full textThe impact of the air power on the battlefield, during the various armed conflicts that occurred in 20 and 21st Century is undeniable. Yet, despite the significant of air warfare in military operations, the legal boundaries of what is permissible during the war in the air had been an area of immense friction between the humanitarian considerations, the security interest of states and the effectiveness of military aviation. This monography aims to comprehensively approach the legal framework of the law of warfare, since the first attempt to regulate the new dimension of warfare that occurred in the end of the 19th Century, to the raising dilemmas regarding aerial lethal autonomous weapon systems (LAWS). In selected chapters, the work is refereeing to the value of the Hague Rules of Warfare, the impact of the Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Convention of 1977, and the jurisprudence related to the air warfare.The monography is a translation of the Polish-language monography "Wojna powietrzna a międzynarodowe prawo humanitarne". The project was cofinanced by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Program Doskonała Nauka II Decyzja MONOG/SP/0055/2023/01) from the Polish public funds, Poland