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Sapori di italianismo nel polacco, ovvero sugli italianismi nel vocabolario culinario polacco
No full textOpracowanie poświęcone jest zapożyczeniom z języka włoskiego obecnym w polskim słownictwie kulinarnym. We wprowadzeniu mowa jest o przyczynach popularności kuchni włoskiej w Polsce. Przywołane są stosowne dane statystyczne mówiące o niemalejącej popularności włoskich potraw w naszym kraju. Część druga poświęcona jest historii polskiej kuchni i słownictwa kulinarnego. W kolejnej omówione zostały italianizmy kulinarne na tle innych zapożyczeń z języka włoskiego. Część czwarta zawiera przykłady nazw włoskich w nazewnictwie marketingowym (jako przykład posłużyły nazwy lokali gastronomicznych – restauracji, pizzerii, a ponadto nazwy potraw i produktów). Dodatkowo została zwrócona uwaga na sposoby przyswajania lub włączania italianizmów do polskiego słownictwa kulinarnego.The study is devoted to Italian borrowings present in Polish culinary vocabulary. The introduction discusses the reasons behind the popularity of Italian cuisine in Poland and provides relevant statistical data demonstrating the continuing popularity of Italian dishes in the country. The second part focuses on the history of Polish cuisine and culinary vocabulary. The next section examines culinary Italianisms in the context of other Italian loanwords. The fourth part presents examples of Italian names used in marketing terminology, including the names of restaurants, pizzerias, as well as dishes and products. Additionally, attention is given to the processes of assimilation and incorporation of Italianisms into Polish culinary vocabulary
Space in Against the wind by Ángeles Caso: between geographical reality and symbolic construction
No full textThis study focuses on the configuration of the narrative space in Against the Wind (2009) by Ángeles Caso. We first address theoretical reflections on the novelistic space and then focus on the nature and functions of this element in the novel, and its close relationship with the development of the protagonist and the narrative plot. In this context, we draw on Bakhtin’s theory of chronotope for the insights it provides into literary analysis, particularly the relationship between space and time within the narrative. To justify the symbolic dimensions of space in the novel and its connection with the real world, we will refer to Lefebvre’s theory (2013) and the concept of spatial polarities developed by many theorists such as Lotman. Space in the examined novel is not a passive or neutral element. Rather, it is a dynamic component, rich with meanings and symbols, directly connected to the outside world it references, which enhances the plausibility of the story and enables the reader to explore a context that appears recognizable.En el presente estudio, nos enfocaremos en la configuración que tiene el espacio en el universo narrativo de Contra el viento (2009) de Ángeles Caso. Para ello se abordará, en primer lugar, reflexiones teóricas acerca del espacio novelístico para, posteriormente, centrarnos en la naturaleza y las funciones de este elemento en la novela y su estrecha relación con el desarrollo de la protagonista y de la trama narrativa. Se tendrá en cuenta la teoría del cronotopo de Bajtín, dadas las posibilidades que brinda para el análisis literario al respeto de las relaciones entre el marco espacial y el temporal de una obra. Con el fin de justificar las dimensiones simbólicas del espacio en la novela en cuestión y su conexión con el mundo real, nos referiremos a la teoría de Lefebvre (2013) y las llamadas polaridades espaciales, desarrolladas por muchos teóricos, como es el caso de Lotman. El espacio en la novela, caso de estudio, no es un elemento pasivo, ni neutro sino un componente dinámico que está cargado de significaciones y símbolos y se vincula inmediatamente con el mundo exterior al que se refiere, lo que fomenta la verosimilitud de la historia narrada y permite al lector ahondar en un contexto que le resulta ser reconocible
Biogenic deposits of the Odra River valley floor in Gostchorze
No full textThis article presents the geomorphological and geological characteristics of a peat bog located in the Odra River valley near the village of Gostchorze (Warta-Oder Proglacial Valley). Biogenic sediment cores were analyzed, determining the basic physicochemical parameters of the biogenic sediments in the study area. The study aimed to determine the age and conditions of sediment accumulation on the Odra floodplain and to determine the suitability of these sediments for further paleoecological analysis.W artykule przedstawiona została charakterystyka geomorfologiczna i geologiczna torfowiska zlokalizowanego w dolinie Odry w okolicach miejscowości Gostchorze (Pradolina Warciańsko-Odrzańska). Dokonano analizy pobranych rdzeni osadów biogenicznych, określając podstawowe parametry fizykochemiczne osadów biogenicznych na badanym obszarze. Badania miały na celu określenie wieku i warunków akumulacji osadów na terasie zalewowej Odry oraz stwierdzenie przydatności tych osadów do dalszych analiz paleoekologicznych
Wspomnienie – prof. Anita Teresa Wojciechowska-Miszalska z domu Kobus 13.02.1943–1.09.2024
No full textThe Time of Breakthroughs and Its Testimony – Life and Works of Cassiodorus Senator
No full textPrzełom V i VI w. stanowią okres przełomu w historii Europy zarówno pod kątem politycznym (powstawanie państw plemiennych na terenach dawnego zachodniego Cesarstwa), jak i kulturalnym. Jego przejawy są dostrzegalne w analizie życiorysu Kasjodora Senatora. Doświadczenia historyka, od młodości w rodzinie arystokracji italskiej, przez służbę na dworze Teodoryka Wielkiego, do zwrotu duchowego i zakładania klasztorów, można przypisać do elementów kultury starożytnej, średniowiecznej lub zjawisk przejściowych. Podobną tendencję można odnieść do prac Kasjodora, w tym jego dzieł historycznych oraz teologicznych.The turn of the fifth and sixth centuries are a period of breakthrough in the history of Europe, both political (creation of tribal states in the territories of former Western Empire) and cultural. Its symptoms are noticeable in the analysis of Cassiodorus Senator’s life. The Historian’s experiences – from his youth in the family of an aristocratic family in Italia, through his service at the court of Theodoric the Great, to his spiritual turn and his foundations of monasteries – can be attributed to the elements of the culture of Antiquity, Middle Ages or to transitional phenomena. A similar tendency can be ascribed to Cassiodorus’ works, including his historical and theological texts
Medical Confidentiality in Light of Legal Standards in the Netherlands
No full textMedical confidentiality is a fundamental pillar of both professional ethics in healthcare and the patient’s right to privacy. This article presents a comprehensive analysis of how this principle is regulated within the Dutch legal system. Drawing on statutory acts, especially the Wet op de geneeskundige behandelingsovereenkomst (WGBO), as well as judicial decisions and expert commentaries, the article outlines the legal framework, scope, and practical application of professional secrecy in the Netherlands. It explores key obligations imposed on healthcare professionals, such as the duty of silence (zwijgplicht) and the right to refuse testimony (verschoningsrecht), while also examining legally sanctioned exceptions. These include statutory obligations, patient consent, and situations involving conflicts of duties. By examining the Dutch model, widely recognized for its efficiency and high standards, the article highlights how the balance between patient rights and public interest is maintained in one of the most developed healthcare systems in Europe.Tajemnica lekarska jest fundamentalnym filarem zarówno etyki zawodowej w opiece zdrowotnej, jak i prawa pacjenta do prywatności. Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia kompleksową analizę sposobu, w jaki zasada ta jest regulowana w holenderskim systemie prawnym. Opierając się na aktach ustawowych, zwłaszcza Wet op de geneeskundige behandelingsovereenkomst (WGBO), a także orzeczeniach sądowych i komentarzach ekspertów, artykuł przedstawia ramy prawne, zakres i praktyczne zastosowanie tajemnicy zawodowej w Holandii. Analizuje kluczowe obowiązki nałożone na pracowników ochrony zdrowia, takie jak obowiązek milczenia (zwijgplicht) i prawo do odmowy zeznań (verschoningsrecht), a także bada prawnie usankcjonowane wyjątki. Obejmują one obowiązki ustawowe, zgodę pacjenta i sytuacje obejmujące konflikty obowiązków. Analizując holenderski model, powszechnie uznawany za wydajny i o wysokim standardzie, artykuł podkreśla, w jaki sposób równowaga między prawami pacjenta a interesem publicznym jest utrzymywana w jednym z najbardziej rozwiniętych systemów opieki zdrowotnej w Europie
Stress in Business and Fear of Failure versus Entrepreneurs’ Personal and Financial Resources
No full textThe present research aims to elucidate the relationships between entrepreneurial stress, fear of failure, and both psychological and fnancial resources. The study sample comprised entrepreneurs who owned either newly established businesses (enterprises registered for up to 42 months) or more established ventures (those registered for more than 42 months). In total, 349 participants were surveyed, of whom 155 were classifed as new entrepreneurs and 194 as mature entrepreneurs. The following tools were used: The SES Self-Esteem Scale developed M. Rosenberg, Generalised Self-Efcacy Scale (GSES) developed Schwarz and Jerusalem; Perceived Stress Scale PSS-10 developed by Cohen, Kamarcka, Mermeinstein, own questionnaire for measuring fear of failure, fnancial and sociodemographic variables. The fndings of this study support the division of the entrepreneurial sample into two cohorts based on business experience (up to 42 months and over 42 months). Psychological resources—specifcally, hope for success (with particular emphasis on the volitional component), self-esteem, and perceived self-efcacy — demonstrate signifcant associations with experienced stress and fear of failure. The results indicate that these psychological resources function as determinants of psychological stress
Development of peripheral regions: A quali-quantitative study of the southernmost areas in America and Europe
No full textThis study compares the economic development of Tierra del Fuego (Argentina) and Calabria (Italy), two highly peripheral regions. Despite their remoteness, they exhibit contrasting trajectories: Tierra del Fuego shows industrial growth driven by state-led policies, while Calabria faces stagnation despite EU support. Using a mixed-methods approach (quantitative institutional data and semi-structured direct interviews), we analyse factors influencing these divergent paths. Findings highlight the crucial role of institutional frameworks and sectoral specialisation, challenging the assumption that peripherality inherently hinders development. Remoteness does not necessarily preclude development. We suggest policy and strategic positioning can transform peripheral status into a catalyst for development
Exploring Yaoundé as a Linguistically Divided Capital City of an English and French Bilingual African Nation
No full textThis article examines the place of translation in the public space in Yaoundé, the capital city of Cameroon, an African nation with a threefold (German, English, and French) colonial heritage. The collected quantitative and qualitative data consisted of public space literature, i.e. outdoor advertising in the streets and other urban spaces where francophone and anglophone communities interact. Data analysis combined with the theory of translationality proposed by Sherry Simon in 2014 and 2021 revealed that Yaoundé is not a dynamic translation zone, because the translational activity in this urban space is minimal. Instead, Yaoundé is almost distinctively monolingual in French and English, and quasi-untranslated. This quasi-absence of translation-mediated contact between the communities makes Yaoundé a linguistically divided city, where French-speaking and English-speaking citizens live in juxtaposition and co-exist in relative isolation. This adversely impacts the traffic of information and opportunities across linguistic borders
Marcus valerius and the raven: the story of a battle symbiosis (liv. 7. 26)
No full textIn the seventh book of Ab Urbe Condita, Titus Livius describes an extraordinary phenomenon of battle symbiosis involving a bird. During the campaign against the Gauls in 349 BC, a Gallic warrior challenged a Roman to single combat – this Roman was Marcus Valerius. During the fight, a raven landed on his helmet and aided him in the duel, which earned him the cognomen Corvinus. Livy presents this event within the framework of monomachy, aristeia, and the etymological explanation of the epithet, emphasizing the role of the gods. However, this story may also be a reinterpretation of avian imagery appearing on Gallic warriors’ helmets, such as the so-called Ciumeşti Helmet, discovered by archaeologists in 1961 in western Romania