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Guerra y movimientos migratorios
Full text link[Resumen]: Tras el inicio del conflicto en Ucrania en 2022, una familia compuesta por dos progenitores y dos hijos se ve forzada a abandonar su país debido a la devastación sufrida, trasladándose a España con la esperanza de progresar y regularizar su situación. Sin embargo, ante los retrasos en la concesión de medidas de protección, uno de los progenitores se ve obligado a trabajar en un invernadero en condiciones laborales irregulares, caracterizadas por la falta de contrato, la ausencia de afiliación a la seguridad social y el incumplimiento del salario mínimo interprofesional.
El empleador, aprovechándose de su posición de superioridad, somete al trabajador ucraniano a condiciones precarias que resultan en una lesión de espalda. En este contexto, el afectado busca determinar las responsabilidades del agricultor y las opciones de cobertura sanitaria disponibles. Además, pretende iniciar acciones legales por la lesión a través de la asistencia jurídica gratuita ofrecida por el ordenamiento jurídico español.
Ante las adversidades enfrentadas en España, la familia decide finalmente trasladarse a Alemania, donde cuenta con familiares residentes, requiriéndose un análisis de la legislación aplicable al desplazamiento intracomunitario, así como una evaluación de los posibles problemas que puedan surgir en el proceso.Traballo fin de grao (UDC.DER). Dereito. Curso 2024/202
Operaciones financieras para dummies: tipos de interés y leyes financieras
Full text linkSi usted está interesado/a en este curso, puede matricularse en: https://udcaberta.udc.gal/El curso ha sido desarrollado en el marco del proyecto de creación de contenidos y evaluación de competencias digitales (DigCompEdu-FyA), financiado a través del Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia de la UE “NEXTGENERATIONEU”.
El proyecto DigCompEdu-FyA forma parte de la estrategia nacional denominada Plan Unidigital regulada por el Real Decreto 641/2021 (Modificado por el Real Decreto 576/2023, del 4 de julio) y la Orden por la que se conceden las subvenciones previstas en el Real Decreto 641/2021, del 27 de julio, por el que se regula la concesión directa de subvenciones a universidades públicas españolas para la modernización y la digitalización del sistema universitario español, asociada a la BDNS 582721 del 07/09/2021 (componente 21, línea de acción C21.15, código subproyecto S2, código proyecto P1) en el marco del Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia y las órdenes HFP1030/2021 y HFP1031/2021 del Ministerio de Hacienda y Función Pública que lo desarrollan.
Nivel A1,
Indicadores: 6.2.A1.1., 6.2.A1.2., 6.2.A1.3. del marco DigCompEdu.
Horas de trabajo para el alumnado: 10
Objetivo: El objetivo de este curso es ofrecer los principios básicos, los conocimientos y las pistas necesarias para ayudar a lo/as estudiantes en el proceso de toma de decisiones de carácter financier
Performance and sustainability of BERT derivatives in dyadic data
Full text link[Abstract]: In recent years, the Natural Language Processing (NLP) field has experienced a revolution, where numerous models – based on the Transformer architecture – have emerged to process the ever-growing volume of online text-generated data. This architecture has been the basis for the rise of Large Language Models (LLMs). Enabling their application to many diverse tasks in which they excel with just a fine-tuning process that comes right after a vast pre-training phase. However, their sustainability can often be overlooked, especially regarding computational and environmental costs. Our research aims to compare various BERT derivatives in the context of a dyadic data task while also drawing attention to the growing need for sustainable AI solutions. To this end, we utilize a selection of transformer models in an explainable recommendation setting, modeled as a multi-label classification task originating from a social network context, where users, restaurants, and reviews interact.Research funded by the Spain Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) and ERDF “A way of making Europe” (PID2019-109238GB-C22, PID2021-128045OA-I00, PID2023-147404OB-I00), by the “Xunta de Galicia” (ED431C 2022/44) with the European Union ERDF funds, and by the Ministry for Digital Transformation and Civil Service and “Next-GenerationEU”/PRTR (Grant TSI-100925-2023-1). CITIC, as Research Center accredited by Galician University System, is funded by “Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Universidade from Xunta de Galicia ”, supported in an 80% through ERDF Operational Programme Galicia 2014-2020, and the remaining 20% by “Secretaría Xeral de Universidades” (Grant ED431G 2023/01).Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2022/44Xunta de Galicia; ED431G 2023/0
Heatmap-guided balanced multi-task learning approach for glistening characterization in OCT images
No full text©2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync-nd/4.0/. This version of the article has been accepted for publication in Biomedical Signal Processing and Control. The Version of Record is available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2025.107527[Abstract]: Glistening in intraocular lenses (IOLs) refers to the formation of water-filled microvacuoles within the lens material, typically assessed via slit-lamp (SL) photography. Recent proposals, like Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) combined with deep learning, offer promising alternatives for evaluating glistenings. This study proposes a novel, automated multi-task method for detecting glistenings and segmenting the IOL area (IOLa) using heatmap-guided segmentation. Exhaustive experimentation demonstrates the method's generalization and stability across diverse IOL models with varying glistening severity, offering a dataset 375% more variable than previous studies. The study focuses on two tasks: glistening detection (Task I) and IOLa segmentation (Task II). For Task I, two single-task baselines were tested: a classical deep learning approach (a) and heatmap-guided segmentation (b). The best configurations achieved Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) scores of 0.901 for baseline (a) and 0.946 for baseline (b), while the multi-task approach reached 0.939. In Task II, improvements in segmentation accuracy were less pronounced but still achieved high Dice scores, consistently above 0.910. This research is the first to apply balanced multi-task strategies and heatmap-guided segmentation for glistening detection and to tackle IOLa segmentation. The method's competitive results confirm the value of deep learning for characterizing glistenings in OCT images, utilizing a more diverse and clinically representative dataset. This approach advances the field by providing a more reliable and efficient method for glistening evaluation.This work was supported by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Government of Spain through the research project with [grant numbers PID2023-148913OB-I00, TED2021-131201B-I00, and PDC2022-133132-I00]; Consellería de Educación, Universidade, e Formación Profesional, Xunta de Galicia, Grupos de Referencia Competitiva, Spain, [grant number ED431C 2024/33]. Also supported by the ISCIII, Spain under the grant [FORT23/00010] as part of the Programa FORTALECE of Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2024/3
Claros enigmas y oscuros sentidos: el perpetuum mobile de la «Máquina del Mundo» en las recientes prácticas interartísticas brasileñas
Full text link[Abstract] Out of its European Renaissance origins in the writings of Dante and Camões, the metaphor of the machina mundi first came to the fore in Brazilian literature in the canonical poem by Carlos Drummond de Andrade: the quintessential work of Brazilian modernism in its broadest sense, «A Máquina do Mundo». The aim of this article is to explore the multiple, shifting possibilities inherent in the complex literary-cultural motif of the «machine of the world» in current Brazilian art and literature. The text begins by looking at the comic epic poem Por mares nunca dantes by Geraldo Carneiro, before focusing on the different creative practices and appropriations of a series of paradigmatic variations on the theme from the opening decades of the 21stcentury: hybridity and interdisciplinarity in the poems A máquina do mundo repensada by Haroldo de Campos and «A quarta parede» by Marco Lucchesi; and interartistic intersectionality and creative duality in Laura Vinci’s verbal-visual sculptural installation «A máquina do mundo», and Nuno Ramos’s photo-illustrated poetry collection Junco. The aim of this exploration is to interpret each of the works within the discursive historical-cultural context of the motif, and to analyse critically its presence in these rewritten and reconceptualised forms[Resumen] Partiendo de sus orígenes renacentistas europeos en los escritos de Dante y Camões, la metáfora de la machina mundi apareció por primera vez en la literatura brasileña en el poema canónico de Carlos Drummond de Andrade: la obra cumbre del modernismo brasileño en su sentido más amplio, «A Máquina do Mundo». El objetivo de este artículo es explorar las múltiples y cambiantes posibilidades inherentes al complejo motivo literario-cultural de la «máquina del mundo» en el arte y la literatura brasileños actuales. El texto comienza analizando el poema épico cómico Por mares nunca dantes, de Geraldo Carneiro, antes de centrarse en las diferentes prácticas creativas y apropiaciones de una serie de variaciones paradigmáticas sobre el tema en las primeras décadas del siglo xxi: hibridez e interdisciplinariedad en los poemas A máquina do mundo repensada de Haroldo de Campos y «A quarta parede» de Marco Lucchesi; e interseccionalidad interartística y dualidad creativa en la instalación escultórica verbal-visual «A máquina do mundo», de Laura Vinci, y en el poemario foto ilustrado Junco, de Nuno Ramos. El objetivo de esta investigación es interpretar las obras en el contexto histórico-cultural discursivo del motivo, y analizar críticamente su presencia en estas formas reescritas y reconceptualizadasXunta de Galicia; ED431B 2023/48Portugal. Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia; UIDB/00077/202
Reducing the carbon footprint of LNG shipping: Implementation of a combined waste heat recovery system in the onboard incinerator for lower environmental impact
Full text link[Abstract] The shipping industry is committed to reducing CO₂ emissions by at least 40 % by 2030. Liquefied Natural Gas tankers play a critical role in achieving this target; however, these vessels typically rely on incineration for waste disposal during extended voyages. This study proposes an integrated waste heat recovery system for an LNG vessel's incinerator, considering the range of historically traveled routes, spanning both cold and hot regions. The system combines a conventional Rankine cycle, an organic Rankine cycle, and a Seebeck effect heat-to-electricity harvester. The steam Rankine cycle harnesses waste heat from exhaust gases, while the organic Rankine captures low-grade thermal waste energy using fluids selected based on their energy recovery potential, environmental impact, and safety profile. A series of operational scenarios were examined, with R1234ze(Z) identified as the most effective organic fluid. The proposed system can recover up to 264.57 kW of net power, thereby reducing CO₂ emissions by 86.67 tons annually. A multi-objective optimization identifies the optimal operating point under realistic conditions, guiding operators on the most favorable times to run the incinerator for maximum energy recovery. This innovative system, which accounts for geographic location, supports the maritime sector's decarbonization goals by enhancing energy efficiency and reducing emissions
Quality of life in cities: An outcome and a resource?
Full text link[Abstract]: This study contributes to the improvement of the knowledge about quality of life (QoL) in cities, deepening not
only in its antecedents, but also in its outcomes, under the theoretical approach of the resource-based view. On
the one hand, we hypothesize that QoL in a city can be driven by governance resources such as transparency and
reputation; on the other hand, we propose that QoL can be seen as a strategic resource leading to a higher city
competitiveness, which in turn can act as an inducer of a higher smart city index. The latter relationship could be
explained as a positive resource spiral in cities, relying on resource conservation theory. Our study also provides
favorable evidence for these theoretical relationships set out in a structural equation model with a sample of
Spanish Smart cities
Evaluating regular path queries on compressed adjacency matrices
Full text linkO software está dispoñible en: https://github.com/adriangbrandon/rpq-matrixDataset relacionado: https://zenodo.org/records/7254968This version of the article has been accepted for publication, after peer review and is subject to Springer Nature’s AM terms of use, but is not the Version of Record and does not reflect post-acceptance improvements, or any corrections. The Version of Record is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00778-024-00885-6[Abstract]: Regular Path Queries (RPQs), which are essentially regular expressions to be matched against the labels of paths in labeled graphs, are at the core of graph database query languages like SPARQL and GQL. A way to solve RPQs is to translate them into a sequence of operations on the adjacency matrices of each label. We design and implement a Boolean algebra on sparse matrix representations and, as an application, use them to handle RPQs. Our baseline representation uses the same space and time as the previously most compact index for RPQs, outperforming it on the hardest types of queries—those where both RPQ endpoints are unspecified. Our more succinct structure, based on -trees, is 4 times smaller than any existing representation that handles RPQs. While slower, it still solves complex RPQs in a few seconds and slightly outperforms the smallest previous structure on the hardest RPQs. Our new sparse-matrix-based solutions dominate a good portion of the space/time tradeoff map, being outperformed only by representations that use much more space. They also implement an algebra of Boolean matrices that is of independent interest beyond solving RPQs.This work was supported by ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Code ICN17_002, and Fondecyt Grant 1-230755; CITIC is funded by Xunta de Galicia and CIGUS; GAIN/Xunta de Galicia Grant ED431C 2021/53 (GRC); Xunta de Galicia/FEDER-UE Grant IN852D 2021/3; MCIN/AEI and NextGenerationEU/PRTR Grants [PID2020-114635RB-I00, TED2021-129245B-C21]. A preliminary version of this paper appears in Proc. SPIRE 2023Chile. Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo; ICN17_002Chile. Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (Fondecyt); 1-230755Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2021/53Xunta de Galicia; IN852D 2021/
Advancements in the fight against globally distributed OXA-48 carbapenemase: evaluating the new generation of carbapenemase inhibitors
Full text link[Abstract] Carbapenemase OXA-48 and its variants pose a serious threat to the development of effective treatments for bacterial infections. OXA-48-producing Enterobacterales are the most prevalent carbapenemase-producing bacteria in large parts of the world. Although these bacteria exhibit low-level carbapenem resistance in vitro, the infections they cause are challenging to treat with conventional therapies, owing to their spread and complex detection in clinical settings. However, numerous β-lactamase inhibitors (BLIs) are currently in the pipeline or late clinical stages. To assess the potential of these compounds, this study compared the efficacy against OXA-48 of novel β-lactamase inhibitors, specifically the 1,6-diazabicyclo[3,2,1]octanes (DBOs) avibactam, relebactam, zidebactam, nacubactam, and durlobactam, along with the cyclic and bicyclic boronates vaborbactam, taniborbactam, and xeruborbactam. The extensive kinetics assays identified xeruborbactam, taniborbactam, and durlobactam, together with the already established avibactam, as BLIs with superior biochemical performance. Susceptibility testing further validated these findings but also demonstrated significantly improved bacterial killing by the DBOs zidebactam, nacubactam, and durlobactam. On the other hand, binding studies demonstrated the superior inhibitory capacity of the BLIs durlobactam and xeruborbactam. Combinations, such as cefepime/zidebactam, meropenem/nacubactam, and sulbactam/durlobactam, show promising activity against OXA-48-producing Enterobacterales, while ceftazidime/avibactam, cefepime/taniborbactam, and meropenem/xeruborbactam combinations also appear highly active, largely due to the excellent kinetics of these new inhibitors. Overall, this comprehensive analysis provides important insights into the effectiveness of new BLIs against OXA-48-producing Enterobacterales, highlighting xeruborbactam, durlobactam, and avibactam as leading candidates. Additionally, BLIs like zidebactam, nacubactam, and taniborbactam also showed potential in addressing the clinical challenges posed by OXA-48-mediated antimicrobial resistance.info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ISCIII/Programa Estatal de Generación de Conocimiento y Fortalecimiento del Sistema Español de I+D+I/PI20%2F01212/ES/DESARROLLO Y EVALUACION DE NUEVAS MOLECULAS ANTIMICROBIANAS DIRIGIDAS A PATOGENOS MULTIRRESISTENTES (INHIBIDORES DE ß-LACTAMASAS Y CONJUGADOS TETRACICLINAS-SIDEROFOROS). ESTUDIO NACIONAL ACINETOBACTER SPP.info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ISCIII/Programa Estatal para impulsar la investigación científico-técnica y su transferencia/PI23%2F00851/ES/Actividad in vivo de nuevos inhibidores de carbapenemasas frente a patógenos críticos multirresistentes: K. pneumoniae productor de carbapenemasas y P. aeruginosa.info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ISCIII/Programa Estatal de Generación de Conocimiento y Fortalecimiento del Sistema Español de I+D+I/PI21%2F00704/ES/VACUNAS AUXOTROFAS ORALES PARA LA ERRADICACION DE BACTERIAS INTESTINALES: COLONIZACIÓN INTESTINAL POR KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE MULTIRRESISTENTE COMO MODELOinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ISCIII/Programa Estatal para Impulsar la Investigación Científico-Técnica y su Transferencia/PI22%2F01212/ES/Inhibidores de carbapenemasas: actividad frente a Enterobacterales productores de carbapenemasas, mecanismos e impacto en la evolución de la resistencia antimicrobiana (PROTECT)Instituto de Salud Carlos III; CB21/13/00055Xunta de Galicia; IN607A 2020/05Xunta de Galicia; IN607D 2024/008info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Programa Estatal para Impulsar la Investigación Científico-Técnica y su Transferencia/PID2022-136963OB-I00/ES/NUEVOS AGENTES ANTIBACTERIANOS DE PRECISION Y TERAPIAS COMBINADAS PARA COMBATIR INFECCIONES MULTIRRESISTENTESXunta de Galicia; ED431C 2021/29Xunta de Galicia; ED431G 2023/03info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ISCIII/Programa Estatal de Generación de Conocimiento y Fortalecimiento del Sistema Español de I+D+I/PI20%2F00686/ES/DETECCION RAPIDA DE RESISTENCIAS ANTIBIOTICAS MEDIANTE ESPECTROMETRIA DE MASAS MALDI-TOFInstituto de Salud Carlos III; CM23/00095Instituto de Salud Carlos III; CM23/00104Instituto de Salud Carlos III; JR23/00036This work was supported by Projects PI20/01212 and PI23/00851 awarded to A.B., Project PI21/00704 awarded to G.B., and Project PI22/01212 awarded to J.A.-S., funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and co-funded by the European Union. The work was also supported by CIBER-Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red- de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CB21/13/00055), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and Unión Europea—NextGenerationEU and by project IN607A 2020/05 (GAIN-Agencia Gallega de InnovaciónConsellería de Economía, Emprego e Industria) awarded to G.B., project IN607D 2021/12 awarded to A.B and IN607D 2024/008 to J.A.-S. Financial support from the Spanish State Agency of Research (PID2022-136963OB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, CG-B), the Xunta de Galicia (ED431C 2021/29 and Centro singular de investigación de Galicia accreditation 2023–2027 [ED431G 2023/03], C.G.-B.], and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). T.B.-M. was financially supported by the ISCIII project PI20/00686 and by the Rio Hortega program (ISCIII, CM23/00095). S.R.-P. was financially supported by the ISCIII Río Hortega program (CM23/00104). I.A.-G. was financially supported by the Juan Rodés program (ISCIII, JR23/00036). L.G.-P. was financially supported by the ISCIII project PI21/00704 and by the PFIS program (ISCIII, FI23/00074). J.C.V.-U. was financially supported by the Xunta de Galicia (IN606B-2022/009). J.A.-S. was financially supported by the Juan Rodés program (ISCIII, JR21/00026). P.G.-S. was financially supported by IN606A 2021/021 Grant (Xunta de Galicia). M.O.-G. was financially supported by IN606A 2023/023 Grant (Xunta de Galicia)
A Cross-Generational Analysis of Second-Hand Online Shopping: Comparing GenX, Millennials and GenZ
Full text linkThis version of the article has been accepted for publication, after peer review, but is not the Version of Record and does not reflect post-acceptance improvements, or any corrections. The Version of Record is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1108/JCM-04-2024-6725[Abstract] Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine whether there are differences in second-hand online shopping behavior driven by the generational cohort. Design/methodology/approach: Based on the generational cohort theory, this research examines what factors influence and prevent the purchase of second-hand products online, comparing generational cohorts. For this purpose, data are analyzed through multiple-group structural equation modeling (SEM) (Gen X = 176; Millennials = 197; Gen Z = 233). Findings: Findings report noticeable different motivations and barriers across consumer generations in their second-hand shopping behavior: Gen X are mostly driven by economic motivations; Gen Z are driven by ethical motives, while economic and environmental motivations exert greater influence for Millennials. Conversely, functional risk is the main barrier for the three generational cohorts. Originality/value: To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is one first attempt to examine why different generational cohorts of consumers purchase or prevent from purchasing used items through the internet