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Blood transfusion and surgical treatment increase mortality in patient with proximal humeral fractures
No full text[Abstract] Introduction: Proximal humeral fractures (PHFs) often occur in elderly patients with osteoporosis and associated comorbidities. These patients constitute a special risk group. This study aimed to identify associations between comorbidities, treatment type, and mortality risk.
Patients and methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of a cohort of 350 patients with a diagnosis of PHF and a mean follow-up of 4.5 years. We analysed the 19 prefracture comorbidities included in the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), haemoglobin (Hb) levels, blood transfusion needs, and treatment administered (surgery versus conservative). The nonparametric Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were used to estimate the mortality risk.
Results: Over a 4.5-year average follow-up of 350 patients, primarily elderly females, with proximal humerus fractures, several factors were associated with increased mortality. The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was a significant predictor, with patients having a CCI > 5 facing higher mortality risks, especially if they underwent surgery. Additionally, osteosynthesis was linked to a lower mortality rate compared to arthroplasty. Age, dementia, medical complications, and postfracture Hb level also influenced mortality rates. CONCLUSIóN: These findings emphasize the importance of considering comorbidities, specifically the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), in determining patient outcomes, especially amongst elderly patients with proximal humerus fractures. Factors like age, dementia, and postfracture Hb level also play a crucial role in influencing mortality rates
A non-secreting pituitary adenoma that changed to a prolactinoma
Get PDFCase report[Abstract] Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are the third most common brain tumors in adults right after meningiomas and gliomas. Taking into account their hormonal activity in vivo, they can be divided in functioning PAs, which secrete hormones, and nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs), which are not associated with increased hormone secretion. We present the case of a man diagnosed with pituitary apoplexy. A transsphenoidal surgery was performed with subtotal removal of the mass. Pituitary hormones were measured before and after the procedure on several occasions, showing always normal PRL values, so he was diagnosed with a clinically NFPA. Two years later, the patient noticed a visual deficit. A new magnetic resonance imaging study was performed, showing adenomatous recurrence, and the patient underwent a new surgery. After this, hormonal evaluation revealed high levels of PRL on several occasions. After treatment with cabergoline was started, PRL levels normalized, the visual deficit improved, and there was a slight adenoma reduction. This case report represents an exception to the paradigm that in the presence of a macroadenoma and normal PRL levels (avoiding the "hook effect"), a prolactinoma can be discarded. Moreover, it stresses the importance of comprehensive, regular, and lifelong surveillance of patients with NFPAs and the close monitoring of serum PRL
Application of Machine Learning in the Identification and Prediction of Maritime Accident Factors
Get PDF[Abstract] Artificial intelligence seems to be a new point of view to classical problems that, in the past, could not be understood in depth, leaving certain gaps in each knowledge area. As an example of this, maritime accidents are one of the most recognised international problems, with clear environmental and human life consequences. From the beginning, statistical studies have shown that not only the typical sampled variables must be considered but the accidents are related to human factors that, at the same time, are related to some variables like fatigue that cannot be easily sampled. In this research work, the use of machine learning algorithms on over 300 maritime accidents is proposed to identify the relationship between human factors and the main variables. The results showed that compliance with the minimum crew members and ship length are the two most relevant variables related to each accident for the Spanish Search and Rescue (SAR) region, as well as the characteristics of the ships. These accidents could be understood as three main groups of accidents related to the general tendency to not meet the minimum number of crew members and its difference in the year of construction of the ship. Finally, it was possible to use neural networks to model accidents with sufficient accuracy (determination factor higher than 0.60), which is particularly interesting in the context of a control system for maritime transport
Percepción del apoyo de la autonomía del profesor de educación física a la participación universitaria de los estudiantes: descifrando una cuestión inexplorada en el caso de una universidad estatal de Filipinas
Get PDF[Abstract]
Scholarly articles from various disciplines have established that instructor’s autonomy
support positively influences students’ university engagement. On the one hand, studies
that were conducted in relation to this current topic in the field of Physical Education,
most specifically in the Higher Education context in the Philippines remain unexplored.
In this regard, this present study investigated the direct influence of perceived
instructor’s emotional support to students’ university engagement. Additionally, it also
examined the direct influence of IAS to the three components of UE namely, vigor,
dedication, and absorption. After surveying 702 students enrolled in Physical Education
courses in a State University, it was unraveled that IAS has a significant and direct
influence to UE. IAS also has a significant and direct relationship with VI, DE, and
ABS. Based on the findings, PE instructors’ autonomy support is crucial as it enables
students to assume responsibility for their fitness progress, cultivating a feeling of
purpose and motivation. Autonomy-supportive instructors promote increased
engagement and commitment in physical education classes by offering choices and
encouragement in goal setting, potentially encouraging students to embrace a healthy
active lifestyle even outside university. Recommendations and future research directions
are also presented in this paper.[Resumen]
Artículos académicos de varias disciplinas han establecido que la autonomía del
instructor apoya positivamente la participación de los estudiantes en la universidad. Por
un lado, los estudios que se llevaron a cabo en relación con este tema actual en el campo
de la Educación Física, más específicamente en el contexto de la Educación Superior en
Filipinas, siguen sin explorarse. En este sentido, este estudio actual investigó la
influencia directa del apoyo emocional percibido del instructor en la participación
universitaria de los estudiantes. Además, también examinó la influencia directa del IAS
en los tres componentes de la UE, a saber, vigor, dedicación y absorción. Después de
encuestar a 702 estudiantes matriculados en cursos de Educación Física en una
Universidad Estatal, se descubrió que el IAS tiene una influencia significativa y directa
en la UE. El IAS también tiene una relación significativa y directa con VI, DE y ABS.
Según los hallazgos, el apoyo a la autonomía de los instructores de Educación Física es
crucial, ya que permite a los estudiantes asumir la responsabilidad de su progreso físico,
cultivando un sentimiento de propósito y motivación. Los instructores que apoyan la
autonomía promueven un mayor compromiso y participación en las clases de educación
física al ofrecer opciones y estímulo en el establecimiento de objetivos, lo que
potencialmente alienta a los estudiantes a adoptar un estilo de vida activo y saludable
incluso fuera de la universidad. En este documento también se presentan
recomendaciones y direcciones futuras de investigación
Kinanthropometric characteristics and specific physical performance in amateur middle-distance triathletes
Get PDF[Resumen]
La evaluación de las diferentes características morfológicas en los deportes de tiempo y
marca como el triatlón se ha relacionado continuamente con el rendimiento físico
específico; sin embargo, el comportamiento de estas variables en la población amateur
no es claro. Por lo tanto la investigación tuvo como objetivo caracterizar la composición
corporal y el rendimiento específico en triatletas amateur de media distancia. Se
evaluaron 72 triatletas de ambos sexos: hombres, edad: 36.8±7.3 años, peso: 72.0±9.5
kg, talla: 172.1±6.7 cm y mujeres, edad: 34.8±6.2 años, peso: 59.2±7.6 kg, talla:
159.6±5.0 cm. La composición corporal se valoró por medio del método antropométrico
y el rendimiento específico a través de tres pruebas relacionadas con los segmentos
específicos del triatlón, utilizando el test de potencia funcional (FTP) en ciclismo, test
de 400m en natación y el test de 3km en atletismo. En el fraccionamiento por 5
componentes se halló para los hombres: porcentaje de piel 4.97±0.40%, grasa
21.64±3.18%, músculo 51.11±3.82%, óseo 11.16±1.69%, residual 11.13±1.83%, y para
las mujeres, piel 5.66±0.44%, grasa 28,31±4.57%, músculo 45.33±4.13%, óseo
10.74±0.64%, residual 9.96±0.94%. En cuanto al rendimiento específico para la
potencia relativa en ciclismo 2.94±0.55 w/kg, el tiempo total en natación 7.50±1.33 min
y en carrera a pie tiempo total 12.51±1.53 min. De lo anterior se pudo concluir que Las
características morfológicas de los triatletas amateur distan a las de triatletas elite a
nivel internacional, con elevados porcentajes de masa grasa y bajos porcentajes de masa
muscular, por lo tanto, el rendimiento específico del triatlón se ve afectado por las
características de composición corporal en dicha población.[Abstract]
The evaluation of the different morphological characteristics in time-based sports such
as triathlon has been continuously related to specific physical performance; however,
the behavior of these variables in the amateur population is not clear. Therefore, the
objective of this research was to characterize body composition and specific
performance in amateur middle-distance triathletes. 72 triathletes of both sexes were
evaluated: men, age: 36.8±7.3 years, weight: 72.0±9.5 kg, height: 172.1±6.7 cm and
women, age: 34.8±6.2 years, weight: 59.2±7.6 kg, height: 159.6±5.0 cm. Body
composition was assessed by anthropometric method and specific performance through
three tests related to specific triathlon segments, using the functional power test (FTP)
in cycling, 400m test in swimming and 3km test in athletics. In the fractionation by 5
components, it was found for men: skin percentage 4.97±0.40%, fat 21.64±3.18%,
muscle 51.11±3.82%, bone 11.16±1.69%, residual 11.13±1.83%, and for women, skin
5.66±0.44%, fat 28.31±4.57%, muscle 45.33±4.13%, bone 10.74±0.64%, residual
9.96±0.94%. Regarding the specific performance for relative power in cycling
2.94±0.55 w/kg, total time in swimming 7.50±1.33 min and in running total time
12.51±1.53 min. From the above it could be concluded that the morphological
characteristics of amateur triathletes are far from those of elite triathletes at an
international level, with high percentages of fat mass and low percentages of muscle
mass, therefore, the specific performance of the triathlon is affected by the
characteristics of body composition in this population
Sentirse bien significa hacer el bien: la apreciación del cuerpo como predictor de la actividad física, el estado físico y la motivación
Get PDF[Abstract]
The study aimed to investigate the influence of body appreciation on physical activity
motivation, physical activity level, and physical fitness among 423 randomly selected
state university students. The Body Appreciation Scale-2 was used to quantify body
appreciation. For measuring physical activity level, the International Physical Activity
Questionnaire was utilized. The Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation was also used
to quantify physical activity motivation. Various field tests, such as a 3-minute Step
test, a 1-minute Push-up test, a Plank test, a Wall sit test, and a Sit and Reach test, were
used to assess physical fitness. The questionnaire, scale, and field tests were completed
and performed by the participants. The data gathered were analyzed using multiple
linear regression with SPSS Version 29. Body appreciation was found to be a predictor
of physical activity and leisure motivation for males, females, and all participants. It
also predicted the physical activity levels of males, females, and all participants.
However, its influence on physical fitness was only found in male participants. Future
studies should measure variables using alternative instruments, such as a varied scale
for body appreciation, real-time physical activity tracking through wearables and fitness
apps, and additional physical fitness components to better assess the influence of body
appreciation on physical fitness[Resumen]
El estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar la influencia de la apreciación del cuerpo en la
motivación de la actividad física, el nivel de actividad física y la aptitud física entre 423
estudiantes universitarios estatales seleccionados al azar. Se utilizó la Escala de
Apreciación Corporal-2 para cuantificar la apreciación corporal. Para medir el nivel de
actividad física se utilizó el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física. También se
utilizó la Motivación por Actividad Física y Ocio para cuantificar la motivación por la
actividad física. Para evaluar la aptitud física se utilizaron varias pruebas de campo,
como una prueba de pasos de 3 minutos, una prueba de flexión de brazos de 1 minuto,
una prueba de plancha, una prueba de sentarse en la pared y una prueba de sentarse y
alcanzar. Los participantes completaron y realizaron el cuestionario, la escala y las
pruebas de campo. Los datos recopilados se analizaron mediante regresión lineal
múltiple con SPSS versión 29. Se descubrió que la apreciación corporal es un predictor
de la actividad física y la motivación de ocio para hombres, mujeres y todos los
participantes. También predijo los niveles de actividad física de hombres, mujeres y
todos los participantes. Sin embargo, su influencia en la condición física sólo se
encontró en los participantes masculinos. Los estudios futuros deberían medir las
variables utilizando instrumentos alternativos, como una escala variada para la
apreciación del cuerpo, el seguimiento de la actividad física en tiempo real a través de
dispositivos portátiles y aplicaciones de fitness, y componentes adicionales de la aptitud
física para evaluar mejor la influencia de la apreciación del cuerpo en la aptitud física
Questionnaires on sexual violence in sports: a systematic review
Get PDF[Resumen] La cada vez mayor constatación de casos de violencia sexual en el deporte practicado por menores justifica la necesidad de contar con instrumentos válidos y fiables para identificar estos comportamientos violentos y conocer su incidencia. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue analizar las características psicométricas de cuestionarios retrospectivos que evalúan las percepciones y experiencias de violencia sexual en el deporte practicado durante la etapa escolar (12-17 años). Se realizó una revisión de la literatura entre 1960 y 2023 en Pubmed, Dialnet, Eric, Scopus y Psycinfo, fueron seleccionados cinco estudios (cuestionarios) y, después de evaluar su calidad metodológica utilizando la lista de comprobación Qualitative Attributes and Measurement Properties of Physical Activity Questionnaires (QAPAQ), se analizaron sus características generales, estructurales y propiedades psicométricas. Los resultados mostraron que los escasos cuestionarios encontrados son de una calidad metodológica aceptable, aportando valores de consistencia interna (excepto un estudio) y validez de contenido. Los cuestionarios fueron desarrollados para evaluar comportamientos de violencia sexual en el deporte perpetrados por entrenadores/as u otros deportistas mediante escalas Likert y de forma autoadministrada. Creemos que sigue siendo necesario evaluar las propiedades de medición de los cuestionarios de acoso sexual en el deporte e intentar unificar los cuestionarios con el fin de contrastar los resultados sobre percepciones y experiencias.[Abstract]
The increasing number of cases of sexual violence in sports practiced by minors justifies the need to have valid and reliable instruments to identify these violent behaviors and know their incidence. The objective of this systematic review was to analyze the psychometric characteristics of retrospective questionnaires assessing perceptions and experiences of sexual violence in school sport (12-17 years). A review of the literature was conducted between 1960 and 2023 in Pubmed, Dialnet, Eric, Scopus and Psycinfo, five studies (questionnaires) were selected and, after evaluating their methodological quality using the Qualitative Attributes and Measurement Properties of Physical Activity Questionnaires (QAPAQ) checklist, they were analyzed its general, structural characteristics and psychometric properties. The results showed that the few questionnaires found are of acceptable methodological quality, providing values of internal consistency (except one study) and content validity. The questionnaires were developed to evaluate sexual violence behaviors in sports perpetrated by coaches or other athletes using Likert scales and in a self-administered manner. We believe that it is still necessary to evaluate the measurement properties of sexual harassment in sport questionnaires and try to unify the questionnaires in order to contrast the results on perceptions and experiences
Business failure prediction models with high and stable predictive power over time using genetic programming
Get PDF[Abstract]: This study focuses on the deterioration of the predictive power and the analysis of the predictive stability of business failure prediction models, an aspect not sufficiently analysed in previous research. Insolvency prediction is considered with three temporal horizons (1 year, 3 years and 5 years prior to failure). The Genetic Programming (GP) tool has been used to achieve prediction models with high performance and stability over time, considering a long post-learning period in the stability analysis. In addition, novel scenarios representative of actual model use are proposed and considered, as well as metrics to assess the deterioration of the models’ predictive power. The optimised GP prediction models (in the three temporal horizons) present a higher performance with respect to external references and, more importantly in relation to the objective of our study, the selected GP models substantially improve on the stability reported in previous studies, meeting the pursued requirements of degree of deterioration (less than 5%) and stability (Pearson’s coefficient of variation less than 5%). Thus, the predictions of the GP models after the learning are very stable (period 2008–2019), to a certain extent immune, with respect to their environment, responding adequately in both procyclical and countercyclical modes, all of which is particularly relevant as this period includes a strong recession and a strong recovery. This should help to increase the reliability of business failure prediction models. Moreover, the relevance of including variables other than the usual financial ratios as predictors of failure is confirmed.Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature.
This study was funded by the Xunta de Galicia and the European Union (European Regional Development
Fund - Galicia 2014–2020 Program), with grants CITIC (ED431G 2023/01) and GPC ED431B
2022/33, and by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (projects PID2020-116201GB-I00 and
PID2023-148531NB-I00).
Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature.Xunta de Galicia; ED431G 2023/01Xunta de Galicia; ED431B 2022/3
A Type of Interpolation between Those of Lagrange and Hermite That Uses Nodal Systems Satisfying Some Separation Properties
Get PDF[Abstract] In this paper, we study a method of polynomial interpolation that lies in-between Lagrange and Hermite methods. The novelty is that we use very general nodal systems on the unit circle as well as on the bounded interval only characterized by a separation property. The way in which we interpolate consists in considering all the nodes for the prescribed values and only half for the derivatives. Firstly, we develop the theory on the unit circle, obtaining the main properties of the nodal polynomials and studying the convergence of the interpolation polynomials corresponding to continuous functions with some kind of modulus of continuity and with general conditions on the prescribed values for half of the derivatives. We complete this first part of the paper with the study of the convergence for smooth functions obtaining the rate of convergence, which is slightly slower than that when equidistributed nodal points are considered. The second part of the paper is devoted to solving a similar problem on the bounded interval by using nodal systems having good properties of separation, generalizing the Chebyshev–Lobatto system, and well related to the nodal systems on the unit circle studied before. We obtain an expression of the interpolation polynomials as well as results about their convergence in the case of continuous functions with a convenient modulus of continuity and, particularly, for differentiable functions. Finally, we present some numerical experiments related to the application of the method with the nodal systems dealt with.This document is the result of a research project partially funded (first two authors) by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación under grant PID2020-116764RB-I00. The APC was funded by Universidade de Vigoinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2020-116764RB-I00/ES/SOSTENBILIDAD DE LA PRODUCCION DE VIÑEDO: REDUCCION DE INSUMOS EXTERNOS, INCREMENTO DE LA BIODIVERSIDAD DEL SUELO Y MEJORA DEL DESARROLLO DEL CULTIV
Desarrollo de una plataforma educativa en favor del aprendizaje de la ortografía española para niños en edad temprana a través del uso de la tecnología y ludificación
Get PDF[Resumen]: Este proyecto tiene como objetivo central el desarrollo de una herramienta educativa que potencie las habilidades ortográficas en niños en edad temprana, haciendo uso de la tecnología y estrategias de ludificación. Se ha creado una plataforma web interactiva que emplea inteligencia artificial para generar dictados adaptados al nivel del usuario. Además, se ha diseñado un algoritmo de corrección propio que ofrece retroalimentación personalizada, identificando y priorizando los errores ortográficos para una mejora efectiva. Para optimizar la retención a largo plazo, se ha integrado el algoritmo de Leitner, facilitando así el proceso de aprendizaje. La inclusión de elementos lúdicos como puntos, niveles y desafíos tiene como propósito motivar activamente a los usuarios y mantener su interés en el aprendizaje. Esta propuesta representa un avance en la enseñanza de la ortografía, ofreciendo una experiencia educativa envolvente y efectiva que promueve el desarrollo de habilidades lingüísticas de manera atractiva para los niños.[Abstract]: This project aims to develop an educational tool that enhances spelling skills in young children through the utilization of technology and gamification strategies. An interactive web platform has been created, leveraging artificial intelligence to generate dictations tailored to the user's level. Additionally, a proprietary correction algorithm has been designed to provide personalized feedback, identifying and prioritizing spelling errors for effective improvement. To optimize long-term retention, the Leitner algorithm has been integrated, streamlining the learning process. The incorporation of gamified elements such as points, levels, and challenges aims to actively motivate users and sustain their interest in learning. This proposal represents a step forward in spelling education, offering an engaging and effective educational experience that promotes the development of language skills in an appealing manner for children.Traballo fin de grao (UDC.FIC). Enxeñaría Informática. Curso 2023/202