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Improving Earthwork Planning with the implementation of BIM and UAV: Case study applied in the surroundings of the Chancay mega-port - Peru - 2024
No full textThe lack of necessary information and the lack of accuracy presented in this, causes direct damage to the planning process of a construction project, due to problems such as cost overruns or delays, caused by the incorrect distribution of resources allocated for the completion of activities. In earthmoving work, the deficient collection and processing of information is an index of the bad procedure that a company has and causes the activities to present additional costs due to rework, dissatisfaction on the part of the client or delays in the delivery within the predetermined deadlines. That is why this article proposes the implementation of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV), in conjunction with BIM software, as tools for the collection, processing and sharing of information. This will be more complete and will allow a programming based on qualitative and quantitative data in a precise, fast and understandable way for those interested in the execution process of a construction project, which, being located in an area of high demand due to its proximity to the mega port of Chancay, will allow the earthwork execution procedure to be carried out in an efficient and fast way, avoiding harming the construction company
Efecto de la carencia de control financiero y organizacional en la sostenibilidad estratégica de HM Ingenieros Consultores S.A.
No full textEl presente Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional (TSP), titulado “Efecto de la carencia de control financiero y organizacional en la sostenibilidad estratégica de HM Ingenieros Consultores S.A.”, tiene como objetivo analizar las deficiencias estructurales que enfrenta la empresa debido a su crecimiento acelerado sin una planificación financiera ni organizativa adecuada. A través de un diagnóstico interno y externo, se identificaron problemas críticos como la falta de indicadores de control financiero, la alta dependencia del gerente general, y la ausencia de una estructura formal de gestión. Estas debilidades han generado dificultades para acceder a financiamiento, cumplir con contratos públicos y mantener la liquidez operativa. El estudio propone tres alternativas de solución: diversificación de fuentes de financiamiento, contratación de pólizas de caución, e implementación de un sistema de control financiero con herramientas digitales. Tras un análisis comparativo, se eligió la tercera opción por su impacto positivo en la eficiencia operativa, reducción de costos y mejora de la sostenibilidad. La implementación de esta alternativa permitirá a la empresa profesionalizar su gestión, reducir su exposición financiera y fortalecer su competitividad en el sector de consultoría de obras públicas. Este trabajo concluye que la institucionalización de procesos financieros y administrativos es clave para garantizar la continuidad operativa y el crecimiento sostenible de HM Ingenieros Consultores S.A.This Professional Proficiency Assessment (PSA), entitled "Effect of the Lack of Financial and Organizational Control on the Strategic Sustainability of HM Ingenieros Consultores S.A.," aims to analyze the structural deficiencies faced by the company due to its accelerated growth without adequate financial and organizational planning. Through an internal and external assessment, critical problems were identified, such as the lack of financial control indicators, the high dependence on the general manager, and the absence of a formal management structure. These weaknesses have led to difficulties in accessing financing, fulfilling public contracts, and maintaining operational liquidity. The study proposes three alternative solutions: diversification of financing sources, contracting surety bonds, and implementing a financial control system with digital tools. After a comparative analysis, the third option was chosen due to its positive impact on operational efficiency, cost reduction, and improved sustainability. Implementing this alternative will allow the company to professionalize its management, reduce its financial exposure, and strengthen its competitiveness in the public works consulting sector. This paper concludes that the institutionalization of financial and administrative processes is key to ensuring the operational continuity and sustainable growth of HM Ingenieros Consultores S.A.Trabajo de Suficiencia ProfesionalODS 8: Trabajo decente y crecimiento económicoODS 16: Paz, justicia e institucionessólidasODS 12: Producción y consumo responsable
Callao Community Center
No full textCallao, es uno de los lugares más representativos del país debido a su alta importancia de conectividad con el mundo por el terminal marino y el aeropuerto internacional Jorge Chávez, es por esta razón también un punto turístico el cual ha realzado la identidad y cultura del lugar en el llamado Callao Monumental, sin embargo, oculta carencias del lugar, dado que los residentes presentan déficit de calidad de vida; especialmente, los niños y jóvenes, los cuales se encuentran inversos en problemas de drogadicción, pandillaje, delincuencia y desigualdad. La propuesta del Centro para el Desarrollo Comunitario en Callao pretende ser una herramienta para un desarrollo integral adecuado y una calidad de vida digna, tanto para niños, jóvenes, adultos y adulto mayor, a través de una arquitectura que busque la integración con su entorno y comunidad para logran una apropiación del lugar. Mediante el estudio del marco teórico se logra entender las características de los Espacios Intermedios, énfasis arquitectónico a emplear en el proyecto. Así mismo, para la programación se realizó un estudio de proyectos referenciales y las necesidades reales de usuario objetivo, en base a ellos, el centro ofrece actividades formativas, o también llamadas educativas; actividades informativas, el cual brindan y fortalecen el conocimiento; actividades recreativas o deportivas y actividades de apoyo social, las cuales dan servicios que ayudan en los ámbitos médico y legal. Finalmente, el proyecto busca convertirse en un hito urbano para la comunidad del Callao, el cual sea un espacio donde el usuario chalaco a través de los aspectos cualitativos del énfasis logre un apego al lugar.Callao, is one of the most representative places in the country due to its high importance of connectivity with the world by the marine terminal and the Jorge Chavez international airport, is for this reason, also a tourist spot which has enhanced the identity and culture of the place in the called Callao Monumental, however, hides shortcomings of the place, since the residents have a deficit of quality of life, especially children and youth, which are invested in problems of drug addiction, gangs, crime and inequality. The proposal of the Community Development Center is intended to be a tool for an adequate integral development and a dignified quality of life, for children, youth, adults and the elderly, through an architecture that seeks integration with its surroundings and community to achieve an appropriation of the place. Through the study of the theoretical framework, it is possible to understand the characteristics of In Between, architectural emphasis to be used in the project. Likewise, for the programming, a study of referential projects and the real needs of the target user was carried out, based on them, the center offers training activities, or also called educational; informative activities, which provide and strengthen knowledge; recreational or sports activities and social support activities, which provide services that help in the medical and legal fields. Finally, the project seeks to become an urban landmark for the community of Callao, which will be a space where citizen of Callao, through the qualitative aspects of the emphasis, will achieve an attachment to the place.Tesi
University Residence in the District of Santiago de Surco
No full textEl presente proyecto busca contribuir a resolver la problemática de la alta demanda de alojamiento para estudiantes universitarios en la ciudad de Lima. Lima representa un nodo educativo importante para el país. Esto se debe a que cuenta con la mayor oferta académica y las universidades mejor clasificadas dentro del ranking mundial del país. Muchos estudiantes de provincia y el extranjero son atraídos por los programas universitarios que ofrece la ciudad de Lima. Asimismo, dentro de la misma ciudad, varios estudiantes se ven forzados a recorrer largas distancias para llegar a su centro de estudios universitario. Esto trae como consecuencia una mayor demanda de alojamiento cerca de las universidades. Actualmente, la ciudad de Lima cuenta con solo una residencia universitaria diseñada en la última década y dispuesta a alojar a estudiantes de diferentes universidades. Es por esto que con este proyecto se busca brindar una infraestructura apta para alojar a estudiantes universitarios y brindarles todas las comodidades necesarias para que desarrollen sus actividades académicas y personales de la mejor manera. Además, el proyecto tiene como objetivo crear un espacio que fomente la convivencia, interacción social y bienestar integral de los residentes.This project aims to address the high demand for student housing in the city of Lima. Lima serves as a major educational hub for the country, offering the largest academic opportunities and hosting the highest-ranked universities in national and international rankings. Many students from provincial areas and abroad are drawn to Lima by the wide range of university programs available. Similarly, within the city itself, numerous students are forced to travel long distances to reach their universities, leading to an increased demand for housing near these institutions. Currently, Lima has only one university residence built in the last decade to accommodate students from various universities. This project seeks to provide an infrastructure suitable for housing university students, offering all the necessary amenities to support their academic and personal development effectively. Furthermore, the project aims to create a space that promotes coexistence, social interaction, and the overall well-being of its residents.Tesi
Comfort Evaluation of the 'Católica' Pedestrian Bridge Based on SETRA 2006
Get PDFThe increasing trend toward slender and low-stiffness pedestrian bridge designs has significantly raised their susceptibility to dynamic excitations induced by pedestrian activity. One of the most critical vibration phenomena in such structures is synchronous excitation, which occurs when the walking frequency of pedestrians coincides with the natural frequency of the bridge. This resonance condition can amplify the structural response, negatively impacting both user comfort and overall structural performance. These challenges are particularly relevant in densely populated urban environments such as Lima. In this study, the dynamic behavior and comfort performance of the “Católica” pedestrian bridge were evaluated through in-situ vibration measurements using a geophone-based seismograph. The recorded data were analyzed based on the SETRA guideline, which classifies comfort into four levels according to peak vertical acceleration. This international reference was selected because, unlike the Peruvian bridge design standards—which do not explicitly consider pedestrian-induced vibrations as a dynamic load—the SETRA guideline has been applied in similar studies within the national context and offers more specific criteria for evaluating pedestrian comfort. The results showed that vertical accelerations reached up to 0.541 g (5.31 m/s2) during pedestrian activity, corresponding to the lowest comfort level defined by the SETRA guideline. While most structural frequencies remained outside the resonance range, certain transverse modes during loading approached 1.2 Hz—a value close to the typical walking frequency range of pedestrians (1.7-2.3 Hz)suggesting a moderate potential for dynamic amplification. Although no clear resonance was detected, the elevated acceleration levels observed under normal use conditions highlight the need to implement vibration mitigation measures. At this stage of the study, no single solution is prescribed. However, there is a recognized need to evaluate and compare various mitigation strategies in order to determine the most appropriate approach. These may include Tuned Mass Dampers (TMDs), damping pads, tuned stiffness elements, or minor structural modifications. A comparative assessment considering technical performance, ease of implementation, and cost-effectiveness would help identify the optimal solution. Such measures would allow the bridge to comply with the SETRA Level 1 comfort threshold (0.5 m/s2), thereby enhancing both safety and user comfort
Improving the Compressive Strength of Concrete with Recycled Ground Glass
Get PDFThis paper explores the use of recycled ground glass as a partial substitute for sand in concrete mixtures, aiming to enhance its mechanical properties, specifically compressive strength. Mixtures with glass replacements of 15%, 20%, and 25% were developed and tested, evaluating their performance at 7, 14, and 28 days. Experimental results indicate that using 15% ground glass increases compressive strength by 4.91% compared to standard concrete and improves workability without significantly affecting cohesion. In contrast, higher glass percentages increase the mixture's porosity, reducing its density and strength. Furthermore, the economic analysis shows a cost reduction of up to 1.94% with this optimal proportion. The research concludes that incorporating ground glass is a sustainable and economically viable alternative, as it promotes waste reuse and reduces the demand for natural sand, thereby mitigating the environmental impact associated with construction
Corte Penal Internacional 1
No full textAnálisis e interpretación jurídica sobre la Corte Penal Internacional y sus importantes aportes a fin de evitar la impunidad de graves delitos de guerra y contra la humanidad
Corte Penal Internacional 2
No full textAnálisis e interpretación jurídica sobre la Corte Penal Internacional y sus importantes aportes a fin de evitar la impunidad de graves delitos de guerra y contra la humanidad
Efficiency in Road Management of Corridor No. 7: Concepción-Satipo/Puerto Ocopa-Atalaya, Comparative Study Between PPP and Public Works Projects
No full textLa presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal definir el mejor mecanismo para el desarrollo del Corredor Vial N° 07. Para ello, se analizó el estado actual de las herramientas utilizadas por el Estado peruano para seleccionar el mecanismo más adecuado en proyectos de infraestructura, con el fin de garantizar su sostenibilidad. Se llevó a cabo una caracterización de los modelos de gestión de Asociaciones Público-Privadas (APP) y de obras públicas tradicionales, identificando sus ventajas, desventajas y aplicabilidad en proyectos viales. En este análisis, se destacó la importancia de las herramientas disponibles para asegurar la sostenibilidad adecuada de los proyectos. A continuación, se realizó un análisis detallado de la situación actual del comparador público-privado en Perú. Se concluyó que el comparador peruano, al depender principalmente de herramientas y criterios cualitativos, requiere modificaciones para mejorar los criterios de toma de decisiones. Con los criterios modificados, se procedió a identificar el mecanismo de intervención que mejor responda a las emergencias viales y a los servicios complementarios. Tras revisar la experiencia de PROVÍAS Nacional, se concluyó que el mecanismo de APP es el más adecuado para intervenir en este tipo de proyectos. Finalmente, se evaluó, mediante la nueva propuesta de comparador público-privado, la modalidad que garantizaría una conservación continua y sostenible de la infraestructura vial.This research aims primarily to define the best mechanism for the development of Road Corridor No. 07. To achieve this, the current state of the tools used by the Peruvian State to select the most suitable mechanism in infrastructure projects was analyzed, with the goal of ensuring their sustainability. A characterization of the management models for Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) and traditional public works was carried out, identifying their advantages, disadvantages, and applicability in road projects. In this analysis, the importance of available tools to ensure adequate project sustainability was highlighted. Subsequently, a detailed analysis of the current public-private comparator situation in Peru was conducted. It was concluded that the Peruvian comparator, which mainly relies on qualitative tools and criteria, requires modifications to improve decision-making criteria. With the modified criteria, the intervention mechanism that best responds to road emergencies and complementary services was identified. After reviewing the experience of PROVÍAS Nacional, it was concluded that the PPP mechanism is the most suitable for intervening in this type of project. Finally, the modality that would guarantee continuous and sustainable conservation of road infrastructure was evaluated using the new proposal for a public-private comparator.Trabajo de investigació
Education and Visible Underemployment among Young Adults in Peru (2021–2024)
No full textA pesar del crecimiento en el acceso a la educación superior en el Perú, una proporción significativa de jóvenes adultos enfrenta condiciones laborales precarias. Este estudio analiza el riesgo de subempleo visible en jóvenes peruanos de 25 a 35 años según el nivel educativo alcanzado. Utilizando microdatos de la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares (ENAHO) para el período 2021–2024, se propone aplicar un modelo econométrico Probit para estimar la probabilidad de subempleo visible, controlando por variables sociodemográficas, económicas y laborales. Los hechos estilizados muestran diferencias en los niveles de subempleo visible según el nivel educativo alcanzado. Asimismo, se evidencian diferencias por género, con mayor precariedad laboral entre mujeres. Estos hallazgos sugieren la existencia de un desajuste educativo-laboral que responde no solo al nivel de estudios alcanzado, sino también a la calidad y pertinencia de la formación frente a la demanda del mercado laboral. La investigación aporta evidencia reciente y relevante para el diseño de políticas públicas que mejoren la empleabilidad juvenil y promuevan una formación superior más alineada con las necesidades del país.Despite the expansion of higher education in Peru, a significant proportion of young adults remains in precarious labor conditions. This study examines the risk of visible underemployment among Peruvian young adults aged 25 to 35, according to the educational level achieved. Using microdata from the National Household Survey (ENAHO) for the 2021–2024 period, a Probit econometric model is proposed to estimate the probability of visible underemployment, controlling for sociodemographic, economic and labor variables. The stylized facts show differences in the levels of visible underemployment according to the educational level achieved. Likewise, gender differences are evident, with greater job insecurity among women. These results underscore that educational mismatch is a structural issue, influenced not only by the level of education attained but also by the relevance and quality of training in relation to labor market demands. This research aims to provide recent evidence to inform public policies that improve youth employability and promote better alignment between education and the country’s economic needs.Trabajo de investigació