University of Valencia
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La finzione, l’impostura e la “trepida aspirazione alla giustizia”: Sciascia e il cinema
Get PDFMolti libri di Sciascia sono stati utilizzati da registi e sceneggiatori per realizzare film di successo. Nella traslazione dal romanzo al cinema sono state apportate molte modifiche. Ma l’essenza polemica della narrativa dello scrittore siciliano è rimasta intatta. Così il tema dell’impostura, fondamentale in molti racconti sciasciani, è il Leitmotiv anche per il cinema ispirato dall’opera dello scrittore siciliano
Innate Lymphoid Cells in Intestinal Homeostasis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Get PDFInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a heterogeneous state of chronic intestinal inflammation of unknown cause encompassing Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). IBD has been linked to genetic and environmental factors, microbiota dysbiosis, exacerbated innate and adaptive immunity and epithelial intestinal barrier dysfunction. IBD is classically associated with gut accumulation of proinflammatory Th1 and Th17 cells accompanied by insufficient Treg numbers and Tr1 immune suppression. Inflammatory T cells guide innate cells to perpetuate a constant hypersensitivity to microbial antigens, tissue injury and chronic intestinal inflammation. Recent studies of intestinal mucosal homeostasis and IBD suggest involvement of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). These lymphoid-origin cells are innate counterparts of T cells but lack the antigen receptors expressed on B and T cells. ILCs play important roles in the first line of antimicrobial defense and contribute to organ development, tissue protection and regeneration, and mucosal homeostasis by maintaining the balance between antipathogen immunity and commensal tolerance. Intestinal homeostasis requires strict regulation of the quantity and activity of local ILC subpopulations. Recent studies demonstrated that changes to ILCs during IBD contribute to disease development. A better understanding of ILC behavior in gastrointestinal homeostasis and inflammation will provide valuable insights into new approaches to IBD treatment. This review summarizes recent research into ILCs in intestinal homeostasis and the latest advances in the understanding of the role of ILCs in IBD, with particular emphasis on the interaction between microbiota and ILC populations and functions
Els objectius de desenvolupament sostenible i la universitat com a eines de resistència i transformació per a les dones Khmer Krom
No full textEconomic resilience in the short-run: A dynamic macroeconomic approach
Get PDFWe analyzed the dynamics of the relatively elusive concept of economic resilience. Resilience and its two distinctive components, adaptability and resistance to shocks, are concepts that conveniently characterize the structure of economies in the long-run. In studying resilience, we established a relationship between the short-run and long-run dynamics, or from a macroeconomic perspective, between transitional dynamics and long-run growth. The loss or gain of systemic resilience is usually gradual and, to a large extent, reversible: over time, resilience may fluctuate. We extended previous analyses by studying the resilience of an economic system over several short-run periods corresponding to the distinct phases of the business cycle. We articulated these periods in a backward sequence of overlapping long-run periods that allowed us to compute the adaptability and resistance indexes, even if they were originally designed to measure resilience in the long-term. Unlike other studies that measured it using flow variables such as (un)employment or income, we used capital stock to measure the attributes of adaptability and resistance. The dynamics of aggregate capital reflect much better the evolution of the size and complexity of the economy and also allowed us to subdivide adaptability into its depreciation and investment components. Our case study was the Spanish economy during the period 1964-2016, encompassing different subperiods of expansion, slowdown, and crisis. We identified a reference point of perfect resilience, and found that the most resilient subperiod corresponds to the years of expansion 1994-2007. The least resistent subperiod is 1974-1985, showing strong slowdown and crisis. The least adaptable subperiod is 1986-1991. Adaptability was mostly stable during expansions and recessions, and was perfect during the most resilient subperiod. The depreciation effect mimicked the adaptability pattern better than investment. Resistance did not show a clear pro- or counter-cyclical pattern
Galacto-conjugation of Navitoclax as an efficient strategy to increase senolytic specificity and reduce platelet toxicity
Get PDFPharmacologically active compounds with preferential cytotoxic activity for senescent cells, known as senolytics, can ameliorate or even revert pathological manifestations of senescence in numerous preclinical mouse disease models, including cancer models. However, translation of senolytic therapies to human disease is hampered by their suboptimal specificity for senescent cells and important toxicities that narrow their therapeutic windows. We have previously shown that the high levels of senescence-associated lysosomal beta-galactosidase (SA-beta-gal) found within senescent cells can be exploited to specifically release tracers and cytotoxic cargoes from galactose-encapsulated nanoparticles within these cells. Here, we show that galacto-conjugation of the BCL-2 family inhibitor Navitoclax results in a potent senolytic prodrug (Nav-Gal), that can be preferentially activated by SA-beta-gal activity in a wide range of cell types. Nav-Gal selectively induces senescent cell apoptosis and has a higher senolytic index than Navitoclax (through reduced activation in nonsenescent cells). Nav-Gal enhances the cytotoxicity of standard senescence-inducing chemotherapy (cisplatin) in human A549 lung cancer cells. Concomitant treatment with cisplatin and Nav-Gal in vivo results in the eradication of senescent lung cancer cells and significantly reduces tumour growth. Importantly, galacto-conjugation reduces Navitoclax-induced platelet apoptosis in human and murine blood samples treated ex vivo, and thrombocytopenia at therapeutically effective concentrations in murine lung cancer models. Taken together, we provide a potentially versatile strategy for generating effective senolytic prodrugs with reduced toxicities
Inteligencia Artificial. Sinergias entre humanos y algoritmos creativos
Get PDFLa Inteligencia Artificial se ha convertido en uno de los escenarios más atractivos de la actualidad, tanto en lo referido a arte y educación, como en cualquier otra parcela del conocimiento y de la experiencia humana. La Inteligencia Artificial llena titulares y portadas, su presencia es de tal calibre que ya casi padecemos una verdadera sobredosis de estímulos referidos a la IA, hasta el punto de encontrarnos en un segundo proceso de “hartazgo tecnológico”, teniendo en cuenta la relación que se establece entre los procesos de la Inteligencia Artificial y nuestro uso desmesurado de pantallas, dispositivos móviles y tecnologías digitales. Como responsables de EARI Educación Artística: Revista de Investigación, nos vemos en la tesitura de abordar la temática, y lo hacemos como profesionales que siempre hemos apostado por las tecnologías digitales (Huerta y Domínguez, 2019, 2020; Domínguez, 2019; Huerta, 2020). Nos fascina el escenario tecnológico digital, y pensamos que supone un reto de futuro para la educación artística
Towards a simulation-based tuning of motion cueing algorithms
Get PDFThis paper deals with the problem of finding the best values for the parameters of Motion Cueing Algorithms (MCA). MCA are responsible for controlling the movements of robotic motion platforms used to generate the gravito-inertial cues of vehicle simulators. The values of their multiple parameters, or coefficients, are hard to establish and they dramatically change the behaviour of MCA. The problem has been traditionally addressed in a subjective, partially non-systematic, iterative, time-consuming way, by seeking pilot/driver feedback on the generated motion cues. The aim of this paper is to introduce a different approach to solve the problem of MCA tuning, by making use of a simulated motion platform; a series of (human-based) objective metrics relating to the performance of MCA are measured using this simulated device. This simulation-based approach allows for automatic tuning of the MCA, by using a genetic algorithm that is proposed to analyse the results obtained from multiple simulations of the MCA with different parameters. This algorithm is designed to efficiently optimize the simulated MCA parameter space. The proposed solution is assessed with the classical washout MCA, performing a series of tests to validate the correctness of this approach and the suitability of the proposed method to the solution of the MCA tuning problem. Results show that this approach can be an alternative to the traditional subjective tuning method in certain situations, mainly because it provides suitable values for the MCA parameters in a shorter time period, albeit subjective tuning is preferred when time to perform the MCA tuning is not an issue
La productividad del fracaso
Get PDFResumenEn nuestra sociedad neoliberal e hiperproductiva, el éxito individual se ha convertido en uno de los valores más importantes y codiciados. Los gurús del éxito enseñan que incluso el error y el fracaso se deben emplear como medios para éxitos futuros. Contra esta máquina de subjetividades presuntamente perfectas, cada vez más voces críticas defienden una liberación lúdica y queer en la que el fracaso pueda recobrar sus sentidos propios. Tras el error, el tropiezo y la caída se abre todo un universo en que elementos como lo absurdo, lo inútil y lo contradictorio florecen en todo su esplendor. Hoy en día, algunas prácticas artísticas nos permiten tomar conciencia de los aspectos fundamentales del fracaso. Recorreré a diferentes artistas contemporáneos para describir los diferentes estadios de la reflexión existencial que emerge en condiciones de fracaso. Sus diferentes momentos pasan por la crisis del yo, la recuperación de la dignidad en el reintento, la reflexión sobre la formación de hábitos y normas sociales y la experiencia del estado elemental de la existencia.
Palabras clave: fracaso, Martí Anson, Tere Recarens, Jaume Pitarch, Fermín Jiménez Landa.
AbstractIn our neoliberal, hyper-productive society, individual success has become one of the most important and coveted values. The gurus of success teach that even error and failure should be used as means to future achievements. Against this machine of allegedly perfect subjectivities, more and more critical voices argue for a playful and queer liberation in which failure can regain its own meanings. By failing, stumbling, and falling, a whole universe opens up in which elements such as the absurd, the useless and the contradictory flourish in all their splendor. Today, certain artistic practices allow us to become aware of the fundamental aspects of failure. I will look at different contemporary artists in order to describe the different stages of existential reflection that emerge in conditions of failure. Their different moments pass through the crisis of the self, the recovery of dignity in reattempt, the reflection on the formation of habits and social norms, and the experience of the fundamental state of existence.
Keywords: failure; Martí Anson; Tere Recarens; Jaume Pitarch; Fermín Jiménez Landa
Evaluación de repositorios de datos abiertos del área educativa y multidisciplinares
No full textEste dataset recopila los datos brutos obtenidos de la evaluación de repositorios, de los cuales 27 son del área temática de las Ciencias de la Educación obtenidos de re3data (directorio global de repositorios de investigación) y 4 de carácter multidisciplinar. La selección se realizó aplicando los filtros: tipos de contenido: dataset y tipos de repositorio disciplinar. En el análisis se han considerado seis dimensiones clave relacionadas con la gestión y calidad de los repositorios: Identificadores persistentes; Estándares de metadatos; Acceso y licencias; Preservación; Interoperabilidad y Certificación. La información contenida en este dataset constituye una base para estudios comparativos, diagnósticos de infraestructura de datos en investigación educativa y análisis de buenas prácticas.
Dentro del marco del proyecto "Los datos de investigación en abierto en Ciencias de la Educación como motor del cambio social (EDUCA-DATA)"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación del Gobierno de España. Agencia Estatal de Investigación. Proyectos de Transición Ecológica y Digital 2021. Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia – Financiado por la Unión Europea-NextGenerationEU4 - Educació de Qualita
Trebouxia lynnae sp. nov. (Former Trebouxia sp. TR9): Biology and Biogeography of an Epitome Lichen Symbiotic Microalga
Get PDFTwo microalgal species, Trebouxia jamesii and Trebouxia sp. TR9, were detected as the main photobionts coexisting in the thalli of the lichen Ramalina farinacea. Trebouxia sp. TR9 emerged as a new taxon in lichen symbioses and was successfully isolated and propagated in in vitro culture and thoroughly investigated. Several years of research have confirmed the taxon Trebouxia sp. TR9 to be a model/reference organism for studying mycobiont-photobiont association patterns in lichen symbioses. Trebouxia sp. TR9 is the first symbiotic, lichen-forming microalga for which an exhaustive characterization of cellular ultrastructure, physiological traits, genetic and genomic diversity is available. The cellular ultrastructure was studied by light, electron and confocal microscopy; physiological traits were studied as responses to different abiotic stresses. The genetic diversity was previously analyzed at both the nuclear and organelle levels by using chloroplast, mitochondrial, and nuclear genome data, and a multiplicity of phylogenetic analyses were carried out to study its intraspecific diversity at a biogeographical level and its specificity association patterns with the mycobiont. Here, Trebouxia sp. TR9 is formally described by applying an integrative taxonomic approach and is presented to science as Trebouxia lynnae, in honor of Lynn Margulis, who was the primary modern proponent for the significance of symbiosis in evolution. The complete set of analyses that were carried out for its characterization is provided