University of Valencia
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Evaluation of the use of telemedicine in pediatric intensive care units: a cluster-randomized trial
Get PDFIntroduction Telemedicine has shown promising results, allowing specialists to provide rapid and effective care in remote locations. However, to our knowledge, current evidence is not robust enough to prove the effectiveness of this tool. This cluster-randomized trial (CRT) aimed to evaluate the impact of telemedicine on clinical care indicators in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs). Methods An open-label CRT was conducted in 16 PICUs within the Brazilian public health system. The trial took place from August 2022 to December 2023 and compared an intervention group, which received telemedicine support, with a control group, which received usual PICU care. The primary outcome was the PICU length of stay. The main secondary outcomes were mortality rate and ventilator-free days. Results A total of 1393 participants were included, 657 in the control group and 736 in the intervention group. The mean PICU length of stay was 10.42 (SD, 10.71) days for the control group and 11.52 (SD, 10.80) days for the intervention group. The overall mean of ventilator-free days was 6.82 (SD, 7.71) days. Regarding mortality, 7.54% of participants died in total. No significant difference was found in the outcomes between the groups. Conclusion Despite the potential benefits of telemedicine, its effective implementation in the Brazilian public health system faces considerable challenges, highlighting the continued importance of investigating and improving the role of telemedicine in pediatric critical car
Impact of Different Bleaching Methods on Surface Roughness, Microhardness, and Tooth-Restoration Interface of Ormocer- and Methacrylate-based Restorative Systems
Get PDFThe current study assessed the impacts of various in-office bleaching materials (light-activated and chemically-activated) on surface roughness, microhardness, and tooth-restoration interface of two composites restorative systems (ormocer-based and methacrylate-based).Sixty specimens were prepared for surface roughness and microhardness (2-mm-thickness, 10-mm-diameter) and classified according to restorative materials (n=30 for each group): group A (ormocer-based group) (Admira fusion, Voco, Cuxhaven, Germany) and group B (methacrylate-based group) (Tetric-N-Ceram, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein). Each group were subdivided into three subgroups (n=10) according to bleaching agent: subgroup 1 (control group, no bleaching), subgroup 2 (bleached with chemically-activated bleaching agent) (Opalescence Boost, Ultradent, USA), and subgroup 3 (bleached with light-activated bleaching agent) (Philips Zoom, Discus, USA). Eighteen maxillary central incisors teeth were subjected to a tooth-restoration interface evaluation (n=9 for each group) and (n=3 for each subgroup). All specimens were finished, polished, and bleached according to manufacturer’s instruction. A three-dimensional optical profilometer (Wyko, Model NT 1100, Veeco, Tucson, USA) was used to measure surface roughness. The microhardness was assessed using Vickers tester (Model HVS-50, Laizhou Huayin Testing Instrument Co., Ltd. China) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) (JEOL.JSM.6510LV, Japan) was used to evaluate tooth-restoration interface. The level of statistical significance was determined at p0.05). A gap was formed after exposure to bleaching agents compared to control group for both restorative systems.Both bleaching techniques have bad effects on surface roughness, microhardness, and tooth-restoration interface for both ormocer-based and methacrylate-based restorative systems
Silica-based optical chemosensors for rapid and reliable on-site detection of gamma-hydroxybutyrate in beverages and oral fluids
No full textThe illicit use of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) in drug-facilitated crimes underscores the urgent need for rapid and reliable detection technologies. This study introduces two innovative silica-based nanosensors that offer real-time, on-site detection of GHB in spiked beverages at concentrations typical of chemical submission cases. Both chemosensors are based on silica nanoparticles functionalized with 2-aminonaphtoxazole derivatives. The first nanosensor, modified with a p-nitroaniline chromogenic unit, enables a visible color change for immediate visual identification, while the second incorporates a fluorescein derivative for high-sensitivity detection via fluorescence. Both nanosystems demonstrate exceptional specificity to GHB, with minimal interference from other substances. Moreover, the solid-phase integration of these nanosensors onto hydrophobic cellulose-based substrates enhances their portability and user-friendliness, making them suitable for nightlife venues and forensic applications. Finally, chromogenic precursor 1 has proven to be an excellent chemosensor for the visual detection of GHB in oral fluid, with a calculated LOD of 19.2 μM, and a linear response in the 32-132 μM range
Back health in health education: reflections on musculoskeletal fitness.
Get PDFBackgroung: this document emphasizes the importance of physical activity (PA) and active lifestyle habits in improving health and preventing chronic diseases. While PA's role in preventing cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and mental health issues is well-researched, this note highlights an underrepresented area: musculoskeletal health, particularly back health. Musculoskeletal disorders (MD), especially low back pain, are the leading cause of disability globally. Despite this, MD research remains insufficient compared to other health concerns. This reflection calls for more studies and educational interventions to promote musculoskeletal health, advocating for a holistic approach that integrates physical, psychological, and social well-being. Activities such as yoga, Pilates, and Tai Chi, which emphasize body awareness and postural control, are suggested as effective strategies for maintaining musculoskeletal health
L'energia i la seua transferència
No full textEn aquest tema es pretén que l’alumnat entenga el caràcter canviant de la natura i, per tant, la necessitat d’introduir conceptes com a energia, treball i calor, tipus d’energies i transferència energètica.7 - Energia Assequible i No Contaminant13 - Acció per al Clim
Boosted Photocatalytic Activities of Ag2CrO4 through Eu3+-Doping Process
Get PDFAg2CrO4 is a representative member of a family of Ag-containing semiconductors with highly efficient visible-light-driven responsive photocatalysts. The doping process with Eu3+ is known to effectively tune their properties, thus opening opportunities for investigations and application. Here, we report the enhancement of the photocatalytic activity and stability of Ag2CrO4 by introducing Eu3+cations. The structural, electronic, and photocatalytic properties of Ag2CrO4:xEu3+ (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1%) synthesized using the coprecipitation method were systematically discussed, and their photodegradation activity against rhodamine B (RhB), ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate (CIP), and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) was evaluated. Structural analyses reveal a short-range symmetry breaking in the Ag2CrO4 lattice after Eu3+ doping, influencing the material morphology, size, and electronic properties. XPS analysis confirmed the incorporation of Eu3+ and alteration of the surface oxygen species. Furthermore, photoluminescence measurements indicated that the doping process was responsible for reducing recombination processes. The sample doped with 0.25% Eu3+ exhibited superior photocatalytic performance compared to pure Ag2CrO4. Scavenger experiments revealed an increase in the degradation via OH reactive species for the sample doped with 0.25% Eu3+. DFT calculations provided atomic-scale insights into the structural and electronic changes induced by the Eu3+ doping process in the Ag2CrO4 host lattice. This study confirms that Eu3+ doping alters the band structure, enabling different degradation paths and boosting the separation/transfer of photogenerated charges, thereby improving the overall photocatalytic performance
Necessitats específiques de suport educatiu. Apunts i recursos complementaris
No full textNecessitats específiques de suport educatiu. Apunts i recursos complementari
'Ask Google'. The role of the search machinery in the construction of knowledge about climate change
Get PDFThe increased media attention to climate change is closely tied to the development and accessibility of web and social media platforms. These networked channels have partially replaced traditional media as information intermediaries and provide a direct voice to climate change stakeholders, some denialists or skeptical about the seriousness of the climate emergency. This research investigates the actors involved and their visibility in search engines to better understand how Google algorithms structure the communication in Spanish surrounding this issue. The searches and results about climate change in six Spanish-speaking countries have been observed using a mixed methodology based on digital methods and discourse qualitative analysis. Many searches directly engage with the debate about the veracity of climate change. Traditional media or well-established sources in each country's market tend to have better positioning in Google. However, most of the content is opinion articles, which facilitates the perception of climate change as a debatable topic
Integrated 3D-Printed Hollow Microneedle Array and Lateral Flow Immunoassay for Point-of-Care Wound Healing Monitoring
Get PDFChronic wound management requires continuous monitoring to assess healing and guide treatment. We developed a hollow microneedle array patch integrated with a lateral flow immunoassay strip to address the need for convenient, home-based diagnostics. This device extracts wound exudate directly from the wound matrix, overcoming the limitations of conventional swab sampling, which relies on surface exudate collection. The patch provides a minimally invasive, rapid solution to assess the wound healing phase. The immunoassay delivers a colorimetric signal visible to the naked eye, facilitating straightforward interpretation by clinicians within 10 min. In a clinical study involving 90 patients, matrix metalloproteinase 8 (MMP-8) was identified as a critical biomarker, achieving 80.3% sensitivity in detecting the proliferative phase. A specific lateral flow immunoassay for MMP-8 was developed with a detection limit of 0.7 ng/mL, lower than the threshold level for the proliferative healing phase (164.7 ng/mL). The hollow microneedle array patch was 3D-printed for cost-efficiency (less than ¿0.10 per patch) with a height of 865 ± 6 μm, allowing for a painless, easy sampling. Mechanical tests confirmed the durability of the patch, while cytotoxicity assays demonstrated its biocompatibility. Prevalidation using an ex vivo skin model showed the patch could extract 61 ± 6 μL of exudate, with a 122% recovery rate for MMP-8 detection, highlighting its efficiency in biomarker extraction. This approach represents a significant advance in decentralized wound care, offering a low-cost, user-friendly tool for at-home monitoring of chronic wounds, potentially improving early intervention and reducing hospital visits
Unveiling the Higgs sector with tau leptons: differential cross-section measurements and searches for lepton-flavor-violating decays with the ATLAS detector
Get PDFContrato predoctoral Formación de Profesorado Universitario (FPU)The Standard Model (SM) of particle physics provides the theoretical framework for understanding fundamental particles and the forces that interact among them, with the exception of gravity. This relativistic quantum field theory describes the behavior and interactions of fermions, which constitute matter, and gauge bosons, which mediate the electromagnetic, weak, and strong interactions. Within the SM, the Higgs boson, a scalar particle predicted by the theory, plays a central role in confirming the existence of the Higgs field. This field is responsible for giving elementary particles their masses through the Higgs mechanism, which involves the spontaneous breaking of the electroweak symmetry. The discovery of the Higgs boson in 2012 by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN marked the culmination of the SM.
The Higgs boson has a unique role within the SM, coupling to fermions proportionally to their masses and to gauge bosons with a strength proportional to the square of their masses. The experimental measurement of these couplings allows for comparisons with theoretical predictions. The discovery of a Higgs boson with a mass close to 125 GeV not only validated the SM but also enabled precise measurements of its production and decay channels, allowing to test theoretical predictions and search for possible deviations. However, the SM has limitations that motivate the search for new physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM), with the Higgs boson being a key element due to its potential connection to BSM phenomena.
This thesis explores two main research approaches related to the Higgs sector. The first involves the measurement of differential cross-sections in the Higgs boson decay channel to two tau leptons. This channel provides direct access to the Higgs boson’s Yukawa coupling to leptons. Additionally, it is particularly sensitive to Higgs boson production via vector boson fusion, a process in which two vector bosons (W or Z) emitted by quarks in the colliding protons at the LHC fuse to produce a Higgs boson.
The differential cross-section analysis in this channel employs the Simplified Template Cross-Sections (STXS) framework, which allows for the measurement of Higgs boson production in specific phase-space regions defined by the kinematics of the final-state particles. This approach, combined with the luminosity of the Run 2 LHC dataset, consisting of 140 inverse femtobarns of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, enhances the precision and extends the sensitivity of Higgs boson measurements beyond previously explored inclusive methods. Furthermore, this thesis presents, for the first time in the ATLAS experiment, a measurement of differential cross-sections in the tau-lepton decay channel within a fiducial region. The results of this measurement are interpreted within the framework of the SM Effective Field Theory (SMEFT).
The second research approach in this thesis is the search for Higgs boson decays that violate lepton flavor conservation (LFV) in final states with an electron and a tau lepton or a muon and a tau lepton, also using the full dataset collected during LHC Run 2. While the SM conserves lepton flavor in the charged lepton sector, observations of neutrino oscillations demonstrate that lepton flavor is not conserved in nature, raising the possibility that this violation could also manifest in Higgs boson decays. The detection of such decays would constitute direct evidence of BSM physics and provide insight into possible mechanisms of lepton flavor violation in the charged lepton sector. Although current experimental limits have constrained the possible branching fractions of these processes, the small decay width of the Higgs boson does not rule out small contributions beyond SM predictions.
This thesis also addresses the development of simulation software for the readout electronics of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter, the experiment’s central hadronic calorimeter, in preparation for the high-luminosity phase of the LHC (HL-LHC). This software enables the validation of signal reconstruction algorithms to ensure the accuracy of calorimeter measurements under the HL-LHC conditions