Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida
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O papel moderador da regulação emocional na relação entre o contágio emocional e o rendimento desportivo
No full textDissertação de Mestrado
realizada sob a orientação do
Professor Doutor Pedro Almeida,
apresentada no Ispa – Instituto
Universitário para obtenção de grau
de Mestre na especialidade de
Psicologia Social e das Organizações.A presente dissertação teve como objetivo estudar a relação do contágio emocional e do
rendimento desportivo (negativa para o contágio de emoções negativas e positiva para o contágio de
emoções positivas) bem como o papel moderador da regulação emocional, nesta relação. Estas variáveis
são importantes para o estudo proposto pois ajudam a entende qual a influência dos aspetos psicológicos
no rendimento dos atletas, de forma a dar um maior suporte na otimização destes resultados.
A amostra do presente estudo foi constituída por 226 participantes, com idades compreendidas
entre os 12 e os 33 anos (M = 18.7, DP = 4.08). Os participantes deste estudo preencheram um
questionário online: Escala de Contágio Emocional (ECE), Questionário de Perceção de Rendimento
Desportivo (QPRD) e Escala de Regulação Emocional (ERE).
Os resultados revelam que não existe correlação significativa entre o contágio emocional e o
rendimento percebido dos atletas; por oposição, é visível uma correlação positiva entre a regulação
emocional e o rendimento desportivo, na dimensão de reavaliação de regulação emocional.
Para a moderação, os resultados não suportam a hipótese no sentido que o efeito do contágio
emocional sobre o rendimento desportivo é positivo nos indivíduos que têm uma elevada capacidade de
supressão na regulação emocional. Outra perspetiva confirma que quanto maior é o contágio emocional
negativo pior é a perceção dos indivíduos face ao rendimento desportivo. Os resultados das correlações
entre o contágio emocional e o rendimento diferem entre géneros, sendo que as mulheres demonstram ser
mais propensas a ser contagiadas emocionalmente, tendo reflexo no seu rendimento desportivo.ABSTRACT: The present thesis intended to research the relationship between emotional contagion and sports
performance (negative for the contagion of negative emotions and positive for the contagion of positive
emotions) as well as the role of emotional regulation as moderator in this relationship.
These variables are important for this research since they can help to understand the influence of
psychological aspects in the sports performance of athletes, so that they can support better the optimization
of the results. The current study included 226 participants, with ages in the range of 12-33 years (Avg =
18.7, StdDev = 4.08). The participants of this study filled an online survey: Emotional contagion scale,
Sports performance perception questionary, and emotional regulation scale.
The results obtained suggest that there is no significant correlation between emotional contagion
and performance perceived by the athletes; in contrast, it was observed a positive correlation between
emotional regulation and sport performance, regarding revaluation of emotional regulation.
Concerning moderation, the results do not support the hypothesis of this study, given that the
effect of emotional regulation on sport performance is positive in individuals that present a higher ability
to suppress emotional regulation. Another perspective confirms that the bigger the negative emotional
contagion the worst the individuals perceive sport performance. When correlating emotional contagion
and sport performance, it was observed that the results differ per gender. Women demonstrated to be more
prone to emotional contagion than men, affecting their sport performance
Caracterização do perfil de desenvolvimento de uma amostra de crianças com Perturbação Neuromotora associada a Síndrome Genético
No full textDissertação de Mestrado realizada
sob a orientação de Professora
Doutora Maria Vânia Nunes e coorientação da Doutora Iolanda Gil,
apresentada no Ispa – Instituto
Universitário para obtenção de
grau de Mestre na especialidade de
Neurociências Cognitivas e
Comportamentais.Existem evidências de longa data que indicam que alguns pacientes com perturbações
neuromotoras, como a paralisia cerebral podem ter causas genéticas. Na Paralisia Cerebral
existem variadas etiologias e manifestações. Hoje em dia, ao contrário do que se acreditava no
passado, muitos dos pacientes que apresentam problemáticas relativas a alterações das funções
motoras tem etiologias genéticas associadas.
A heterogeneidade dos fenótipos é uma marca dos indivíduos com este tipo de
perturbações neuromotoras de origem genética. Existe uma variação considerável do
funcionamento cognitivo nestas crianças, no entanto, como grupo, estas revelam muitas vezes
uma baixa capacidade intelectual associada a disfunções executivas. É importante sublinhar
ainda, que nestes casos clínicos, podemos encontrar perturbações do neurodesenvolvimento
associada a lesões neurológicas, limitações tónicas, musculares e no controlo motor voluntario
e involuntário.
Uma amostra de 26 crianças com síndromes genéticas associada a perturbações
neuromotoras, com idade média de 64 meses, foi coletada ao longo de seis meses num centro
de reabilitação. O perfil de desenvolvimento dessas crianças foi caracterizado usando a escala
de desenvolvimento Griffiths III, a fim de identificar as áreas mais deficitárias, bem como as
áreas em que têm habilidades mais fortes.
Nos resultados foi possível observar limitações marcadas em todas áreas do
desenvolvimento. Por fim, com esta divulgação espera-se contribuir para a sensibilização da
importância da avaliação precoce, de forma a criar janelas de oportunidade para o trabalho feito
com crianças com etiologia genética.ABSTRACT: There is long-standing evidence that some patients with neuromotor disorders such as cerebral
palsy may have genetic causes. Cerebral Palsy has a variety of etiologies and manifestations.
Nowadays, contrary to what was believed in the past, many of the patients with problems related
to altered motor functions have associated genetic etiologies.
The heterogeneity of phenotypes is a hallmark of individuals with this type of
neuromotor disorder of genetic origin. There is considerable variation in the cognitive
functioning of these children, however, as a group, they often show low intellectual capacity
associated with executive dysfunction. It is also important to note that in these clinical cases,
we can find neurodevelopmental disorders associated with neurological lesions, tonic and
muscular limitations and voluntary and involuntary motor control.
A sample of 26 children with genetic syndromes associated with neuromotor disorders,
with an average age of 64 months, was collected over six months at a rehabilitation center. The
developmental profile of these children was characterized using the Griffiths III developmental
scale, in order to identify the most deficient areas, as well as the areas in which they have the
strongest abilities.
The results showed marked limitations in all areas of development. Finally, we hope
that this publication will help raise awareness of the importance of early assessment, in order
to create windows of opportunity for work with children with genetic etiology
Developmental assets in emerging adulthood—Systematic review
Get PDFCharacterizing emerging adulthood as a period of the life course has proven to be relevant in understanding
development and intervention with a focus on a positive orientation in the life course trajectory. Characterized by
individualization, this period implies that people are increasingly compelled to depend on their own resources to build
their life course trajectory. Identifying which resources place the person on a positive developmental trajectory becomes
more relevant. Within the field of the Positive Youth Development, the Developmental Assets® model specifically
focuses on which resources, that is, which personal and contextual characteristics of emerging adults can favor a positive
orientation in the trajectory of the life course. The objective of this investigation is to analyze the utilization of the
Developmental Assets model in the emerging adult population. In the review process, the Preferred Reporting Items for
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) protocol was applied. Research was conducted in July
2023 in electronic databases, namely: Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, ERIC, PsycArticles, SciELO and B-on.
In this review, 13 articles published between 1999 and 2023 were included. Results indicate diversity in adopted methods,
both on conceptualization of the concept and its operationalization. Results of the analysis of studies included indicate
the relevance of applying the Developmental Assets model in emerging adults and the importance of its exploration in
future investigations. The utilization of the model in the population of emerging adults is suggested as a strategy focusing
on a positive developmental trajectoryinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
How do older adults experience pet companionship? A qualitative study of the affective relationship with pets and its effect on the mental health of older adults during the Covid-19 pandemic
No full textThis study aimed to explore the affective relationship of older adults with
their pets during the COVID-19 pandemic; and to assess how this contributed
to their mental health. This qualitative study included 351 participants aged
65–88 years from Portugal, the United Kingdom, and Spain. All interviews
went through content analysis. Findings indicated five themes: (1) Enabling
a meaningful affective relationship (86%); (2) Strengthening affective sharing
with partner (68%); (3) Easing new affective relationships (61%); (4)
Enhancing sensory stimuli and physical touch (55%); and; (5) Feeling physical
pleasure (23%). Three main themes emerged from the content analysis
regarding the second objective: (1) Fewer depressive and anxiety symptoms
(73%); (2) Fewer feelings of loneliness (68%); and (3) Fewer mood swings
(43%). The affective relationship between older adults and their pets was
relevant during the COVID-19 pandemic since it solidified affective relationships with their partners and fostered the creation of new relationships.
Additionally, it contributed to a deeper affective relationship with themselves, in terms of sensory stimuli, physical touch, and physical pleasure.
Owning a pet improved mental health symptoms, namely those associated
with depression, anxiety, and mood swings.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - FCTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Acoustic monitoring of anurans and birds in tropical biomes
No full textPassive acoustic monitoring (PAM) is increasingly popular in ecological research, but recording and analyzing large amounts of data is still a critical bottleneck for the long-term monitoring of multiple species. We evaluated how temporal and spatial sampling effort affects species diversity estimates using a set of 14,045 1-min recordings from various neotropical birds and anuran communities. Our goals were to evaluate (i) the daily vocal activity cycle of birds and anurans, (ii) the effect of temporal structure (e.g., number of minutes listened each hour; continuous versus intermittent recordings) on determining the species composition, and (iii) the species–area relationship, and how the number of recorders affects species richness estimates. Based on sampling coverage and completeness, we (iv) evaluate manual inspection schedules for birds and anurans across four biomes of Brazil. We found marked diel variation in vocal activity between taxonomic groups, indicating that birds and anurans are more efficiently detected during early periods of the day and night, respectively. For proper diversity estimates, biomes with higher biodiversity required longer inspecting periods and a larger number of replicates, irrespective of taxa. Although fewer recordings per hour are less informative than full-hour sampling, species diversity is better estimated when inspected minutes are interspersed over longer periods than inspecting minutes recorded over shorter timespans. Based on our findings, we recommend how to set PAM programs over highly diverse ecosystems.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Exposure to heat wave risks across time and places: Seasonal variations and predictors of feelings of threat across heat wave geographical susceptibility locations
Get PDFVulnerability to heat waves and their negative effects on health vary not only due toindividual factors but also due to situational factors, such as time and geography. Hence,we explored seasonal variations and predictors of heat wave feelings of threat acrossdifferent heat wave geographical susceptibility locations in Portugal. A total of 238Portuguese residents responded to a web-based longitudinal survey: before the summer,during a heat wave in the summer, during the summer, and after the summer. Geograph-ical location was used as an indicator of risk exposure, operationalized as heat waveoccurrence susceptibility (low, moderate, high). Heat wave demands and resources per-ceptions were assessed to compute an indicator of heat wave feelings of threat. Duringthe heat wave, feelings of threat were higher among participants in high-susceptibilitylocations, with demands outweighing resources perceptions, suggesting greater distressand coping difficulty. Regression analysis suggested that older participants and femaleparticipants living in moderate–high-susceptibility locations had greater difficulty inrecovering. Heat wave risk perception and positive affect about heat were identifiedas the most consistent predictors of heat wave feelings of threat, with risk perceptionincreasing and positive affect decreasing such feelings. Participants with (individualand geographical) vulnerability profiles, who had greater difficulty in coping and recov-ering from heat waves, could benefit from resource-building/enhancing interventions.In a climatic crisis context, monitoring psychological responses to heat waves (e.g.,threat) may enable anticipated action to build resilience before, rather than after, theeffects become damaging to physical and psychological healthinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Statistical learning of motor preparation
Get PDFStatistical learning, the process of extracting regularities from the environment, is one of the most fundamental abilities playing an essential role in almost all aspects of human cognition. Previous studies have shown
that attentional selection is biased toward locations that are likely to contain a target and away from locations
that are likely to contain a distractor. The current study investigated whether participants can also learn to
extract that a specific motor response is more likely when the target is presented at specific locations within
the visual field. To that end, the additional singleton paradigm was adapted such that when the singleton
target was presented at one specific location, one response (e.g., right index finger) was more likely than
the other (e.g., right middle finger) and the reverse was true for another location. The results show that participants learned to extract that a particular motor response is more likely when the singleton target (which
was unrelated to the response) was presented at a specific location within the visual field. The results also
suggest that it is the location of the target and not its shape that is associated with the biased response.
This learning cannot be considered as being top-down or conscious as participants showed little, if any,
awareness of the response biases present. The results are discussed in terms of the event coding theory.
The study increases the scope of statistical learning and shows how individuals adapt automatically, without
much awareness, to the regularities present in the environment.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Initial Validation of Hanson Sex Attitude Questionnaire (HSAQ) in Portuguese perpetrators of child sexual abuse and perpetrators of non-sexual crimes
Get PDFCognitive distortions (CDs) are a crucial element in the etiology of child sexual offending, with most of the intervention programs targeting them to reduce the risk of sexual recidivism in perpetrators of child sexual abuse (CSA). Researchers have developed the Hanson Sex Attitude Questionnaire (HSAQ) to assess CDs. With a total sample of 256 participants, the Portuguese version of the HSAQ revealed a two- factor structure. The HSAQ subscales demonstrated good to acceptable psychometric properties in terms of internal consistency, as well as discriminant validity. One of the subscales also demonstrated conver-gent validity. Additionally, the two subscales exhibited differences between perpetrators of CSA with and without previous interventions, indicating known-groups validity. Overall, our findings partially support the use of the HSAQ in the forensic Portuguese population, underscor-ing its significance for clinical and research purposes. Nevertheless, particular caution is advised, especially regarding factor twoFundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - FCTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
How good is teleworking? Development and validation of the tele attitude scale
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to develop and validate a measure called the Tele Attitude Scale (TAS). This measure aims to evaluate relevant aspects of the teleworking experience related to its perceived effects regarding, for instance: job characteristics, perceived productivity, quality of work-related interactions, work-non-work balance, and well-being. Four studies were conducted between 2021 and 2022. First, a qualitative study was conducted to develop the scale (N = 80). Afterward, a second study to explore the scale’s factorial structure (N = 602) was developed. A third study served to analyze its internal validity and reliability (N = 232). A fourth study analyzed the criterion validity of the scale by exploring its correlations with measures of health, affect, and performance (N = 837 teleworkers). The findings revealed that the 10-item scale accounted for a unique factor and that it was a reliable measure. Moreover, the results also showed that the scale was significantly related to measures of health, affect, and performance, thus supporting its convergent and criterion validity. This research advances the knowledge about telework by proposing a user-friendly scale to measure teleworking, specifically how workers perceive their experience of it and how it may impact them at several levels. Thus, the TAS can not only fill a gap in the research but also help organizations evaluate and support teleworkers’ needs and subsequent satisfaction while teleworking. © The Author(s) 2024.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - FCTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Ocean protection quality is lagging behind quantity: Applying a scientific framework to assess real marine protected area progress against the 30 by 30 target
Get PDFThe international community set a global conservation target to protect at least
30% of the ocean by 2030 (“30 × 30”) to reverse biodiversity loss, including
through marine protected areas (MPAs). However, varied MPAs result in significantly
different conservation outcomes, making MPA coverage alone an
inadequate metric.We used TheMPA Guide framework to assess the the world’s
largest 100 MPAs by area, representing nearly 90% of reported global MPA coverage
and 7.3% of the global ocean area, and analyzed the distribution of MPA
quality across political and ecological regions. A quarter of the assessed MPA
coverage is not implemented, and one-third is incompatible with the conservation
of nature. Two factors contribute to this outcome: (1) many reported MPAs
lack regulations or management, and (2) some MPAs allow high-impact activities.
Fully and highly protected MPAs account for one-third of the assessed area
but are unevenly distributed across ecoregions in part because some nations have
designated large, highly protected MPAs in their overseas or remote territories.
Indicators of MPA quality, not only coverage, are needed to ensure a global network
of MPAs that covers at least 30% of the ocean and effectively safeguards
representative marine ecosystems from destructive human activities.Fundaçãopara a Ciência e Tecnologia - FCTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio