Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida
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Self-harm as a predisposition for suicide attempts: A study of adolescents' deliberate self-harm, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to analyze the predictive risk factors for self-harm in adolescents with and without suicidal ideation. 600 adolescents answered a questionnaire about self-harm and suicidal behaviors. A logistic regression analysis was conducted. Over half of the individuals with deliberate self-harm (DSH) presented significant suicide risk. There was a direct association between DSH and suicide attempts, with almost the totality of the adolescents with suicide attempts also reporting DSH. According to the prediction model, suicidal ideation and diversity of DSH behaviors are significant predictors of suicide attempts, with an augmentation in the diversity of DSH behaviors and suicidal ideation predicting suicide attempts. Depression and anxiety appeared also as significant predictors of suicide attempts in adolescent self-harmers. Considering that the majority of the sample was not from a clinical setting, an alarming finding was that one third of the total sample was at suicide risk. These results place DSH as a key variable for early intervention.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio
Parents’ perceptions of student academic motivation during the COVID-19 lockdown: A cross-country comparison
Get PDFThe COVID-19 outbreak has ravaged all societal domains, including education. Home confinement, school closures, and distance learning impacted students, teachers, and parents' lives worldwide. In this study, we aimed to examine the impact of COVID-19-related restrictions on Italian and Portuguese students' academic motivation as well as investigate the possible buffering role of extracurricular activities. Following a retrospective pretest-posttest design, 567 parents (n
Italy
= 173, n
Portugal
= 394) reported on their children's academic motivation and participation in extracurricular activities (grades 1 to 9). We used a multi-group latent change score model to compare Italian and Portuguese students': (1) pre-COVID mean motivation scores; (2) rate of change in motivation; (3) individual variation in the rate of change in motivation; and (4) dependence of the rate of change on initial motivation scores. Estimates of latent change score models showed a decrease in students' motivation both in Italy and in Portugal, although more pronounced in Italian students. Results also indicated that the decrease in students' participation in extracurricular activities was associated with changes in academic motivation (i.e., students with a lower decrease in participation in extracurricular activities had also a lower decrease in motivation). Furthermore, students' age was significantly associated with changes in motivation (i.e., older students had lower decrease). No significant associations were found for students' gender nor for parents' education. This study provides an important contribution to the study of students' academic motivation during home confinement, school closures, and distance learning as restrictive measures adopted to contain a worldwide health emergency. We contend that teachers need to adopt motivation-enhancing practices as means to prevent the decline in academic motivation during exceptional situations.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia .- FCTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Children’s play profiles: Contributions from child’s temperament and father’s parenting styles in a portuguese sample
Get PDFUsing a sample of Portuguese preschool-age children, we aimed to identify different play profiles based on teachers' descriptions of social and non-social behaviors, as well as characterize them in terms of children's characteristics (sex and temperament) and fathers' parenting styles (e.g., warmth and involvement or punitive strategies). The 243 children were distributed across four profiles (identified through a two-stage cluster analysis): Solitary/Reticent, Social Rough, Social, and Social Solitary. A univariate effect was found between play profiles and children's effortful control, as well as fathers' punitive strategies. In addition, a significant multivariate interaction was found between child's sex and the Solitary/Reticent and Social Rough profiles for father's punitive strategies. In this sample, children with social play profiles seem to use diverse types of behaviors during their interactions with peers and in being adjusted within the group. As children's early experiences with peers are a central context for healthy development, a better understating of the diversity of play profiles and its predictors is important for early interventions.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - FCTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Dança além da doença : estudo sobre a experiência subjetiva de pacientes oncológicos com Dança Movimento Terapia
No full textDissertação de Mestrado
apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário
para obtenção de grau de Mestre na
especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.Objetivo: Com este estudo pretende-se compreender a experiência subjetiva de pacientes
oncológicos participantes em sessões de Dança Movimento Terapia (DMT), da terapeuta que
facilitou estas sessões e de uma estagiária que nelas participou, a partir de uma análise
fenomenológica/existencial.
Método: A amostra consiste em 6 participantes do sexo feminino, com idades compreendidas
entre os 24 e os 66, das quais 4 passaram por um processo oncológico, uma participou na
qualidade de estagiária da Liga, e uma enquanto terapeuta encarregue das sessões de DMT.
Todos os participantes foram recrutados através da Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro, onde
decorreram as 12 sessões semanais de DMT, com duração de 1:30h. Foram realizadas 6
entrevistas qualitativas semiestruturadas através de videoconferência, com base no método
fenomenológico.
Resultados: Foram encontrados significados psicológicos relativos à forma como lidam com o
isolamento e a incompreensão externa sobre a doença, à gestão dos recursos para superar
situações de crise/fases de vida, à abertura à expressão verbal, ao foco no “Aqui e Agora”, ao
Self e conceito corporal, ao bem-estar e humor, à relação com o outro, e ainda na influência
das qualidades do terapeuta.
Discussão: Encontraram-se evidências de que há uma relação entre as sessões de Dança
Movimento Terapia e a forma como os participantes encaram não só a doença, mas também os
seus estilos de vida e aspetos pessoais do Self.Aim: With this study we intend to comprehend the subjective experience of not only oncology
patients, participants in Dance Movement Therapy (DMT) sessions, as also of the therapist of
these sessions, and an intern also participating in the sessions, through an
phenomenological/existentialist analysis.
Method: The sample consisted of 6 female participants, with ages comprehended between 24
and 66 years old, where 4 went through a oncologic process, 1 participated as an intern from
Liga, and 1 as the therapist in charge of the DMT sessions. Every participant was recruited
through Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro, where the 12 weekly sessions took place, with a
duration of an 1:30h each. Using the phenomenological method as base, 6 qualitative semi
structured interviews were conducted , through video conference.
Results: There were found psychological meanings in the way they handled isolation and
external incomprehension towards the disease, on the management of the resources to
overcome crisis situations/life stages, in the openness to verbal expression, on the “Here and
now” focus, on the Self and body concept, on the well-being and mood, on the relation with
others, and on the influence of the qualities of the therapist.
Discussion: There were found evidences that there is a relation between Dance Movement
therapy and the way the participants perceive not only the disease but also their lifestyles, and
personal aspects of the Self
Impacto das orientações para as atividades e da personalidade nos níveis de bem-estar espiritual
Get PDFDissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.A espiritualidade é uma dimensão que exerce uma influência sobre o bem-estar dos indivíduos, na medida em que possui um papel fundamental nos comportamentos, pensamentos e na vida geral das pessoas (Hadzic, 2011).
Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal compreender o papel das caraterísticas disposicionais (Orientações para as Atividades e dos Fatores de Personalidade Básica) nas respostas de Bem-Estar Espiritual.
Os instrumentos utilizados neste estudo foram o Hedonic and Eudaimonic Motives for Activities Revised (HEMA-R), o Inventário de Personalidade dos Cinco Fatores (NEO-FFI-20), e o Spiritual Health and Life Orientation Measure (SHALOM).
Neste estudo participaram 264 indivíduos com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 80 anos (M=37.17; DP=13.88), sendo que 78% são do sexo feminino e 22% do sexo masculino.
Globalmente, os resultados deste estudo indicam que a orientação para as atividades mais eudemónica, os traços de personalidade amabilidade, conscienciosidade e abertura à experiência são os preditores significativos da maioria dos domínios de Bem-Estar Espiritual dos indivíduos. Ainda a extroversão demonstrou-se preditora significativa e negativa da maioria dos domínios da discrepância espiritual, indicando que os indivíduos com níveis elevados neste traço tendem a desenvolver o que corresponde ao seu ideal de espiritualidade.
Consideramos que seria relevante mais estudos acerca da relação entre estes construtos, bem como acerca de mais caraterísticas disposicionais, de forma a explorar o que pode contribuir para a saúde espiritual dos indivíduos.Spirituality is a dimension that has an influence on the well-being of individuals, insofar as it has a fundamental role in people's behaviors, thoughts and general life (Hadzic, 2011).
This work had as main objective to understand the role of dispositional characteristics (Orientations for Activities and Personality Factors) in the answers of Spiritual Well-Being.
The instruments used in this study were the Hedonic and Eudaimonic Motives for Activities Revised (HEMA-R), the Spiritual Health and Life Orientation Measure (SHALOM) and the Five Factor Personality Inventory (NEO-FFI-20).
This study involved 264 individuals aged between 18 and 80 years old (M = 37.17; SD = 13.88), with 78% being female and 22% male.
Overall, the results of this study indicate that orientation towards eudemonic activities, personality traits, kindness, conscientiousness and openness to experience are the significant predictors of most domains of Spiritual Well-being of individuals. Furthermore, extroversion proved to be a significant and negative predictor of most domains of spiritual discrepancy, indicating that individuals with high levels in this trait tend to develop what corresponds to their ideal of spirituality.
We believe that more studies on the relationship between these constructs would be relevant, as well as on more dispositional characteristics, in order to explore what can contribute to the spiritual health of individuals
Atividades lúdicas no ensino e aprendizagem da matemática
No full textRelatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada apresentada no
ISPA – Instituto Universitário/ESEI Maria Ulrich
para obtenção de grau de Mestre em Educação pré-escolar
e Ensino do 1º ciclo do Ensino Básico, criado
por aviso nº 9932/2017 publicado no Diário da
República, 2a série, nº 165, 28 de agosto de 2017.O desenvolvimento da criança é uma preocupação que tem vindo a impulsionar escolas e
professores a realizarem trabalho de excelência, tomando consciência das linhas orientadoras, dos
processos e estratégias desejáveis à ação pedagógica.
Tendo em consideração o interesse, a necessidade das crianças, as idades e fases de
desenvolvimento cognitivo, físico, emocional e social, destaca-se a importância da ludicidade,
envolvendo a promoção de auto-confiança, autonomia, experimentação e motivação no seu
processo de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento.
Assim no contexto do Mestrado em educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1º Ciclo do Ensino
Básico foi elaborado o presente relatório baseado num estudo que teve como objetivo compreender
de que forma poderão as crianças desenvolver aprendizagens significativas na área da matemática
através de atividades ou jogos que fcaultem às ciranças uma experiência lúdica da aprendizagem e
ensino da matemática. Dito de forma mais resumoda: compreender a relação das atividades lúdicas
com desenvolvimento de aprendizagens significativas em matemática, em crianças do 1º ano de
escolaridade.
O estudo foi realizado no contexto da prática pedagógica supervisionada num colégio
privado, numa turma de 1º ano, composta por 21 alunos (11 rapazes e 10 raparigas). A metodologia
utilizada pela professora é mais tradicional ou seja expositiva, apesar de usar algumas estratégias, e
instrumentos do Modelo do Movimento da Escola Moderna. A problemática surgiu em contexto de
sala de aula durante as partilhas realizadas pelas crianças, as dificuldades sentidas na área da
matemática e pelo interesse da professora em desenvolver aprendizagens mais lúdicas e
significativas. No estudo foi utilizada uma investigação qualitativa baseada na metodologia de
investigação-ação e na observação participante durante a realização das atividades propostas. As
propostas foram realizadas considerando a ludicidade como forma de promover aprendizagens
significativas e interdiciplinares sempre em articulação com as propostas da professora cooperante e
o interesse das crianças através de jogos, atividades de expressões artísticas de forma a introduzir
atividades relacionadas com a matemática.hild development is a concern that has been driving schools and teachers to do excellent
work, becoming aware of the guidelines, processes and strategies desirable for pedagogical action.
Taking into account the interest, the children's needs, the ages and phases of cognitive, physical,
emotional and social development, the importance of playfulness is highlighted, involving the
promotion of self-confidence, autonomy, experimentation and motivation in their process of
learning and development.
Thus, in the context of the Master in Pre-School Education and Teaching of the 1st Cycle of Basic
Education, this report was prepared based on a study that aimed to understand how children can
develop significant learning in the area of mathematics through activities or games that provide
children with a playful experience of learning and teaching mathematics. Put more briefly:
understand the relationship between playful activities and the development of significant learning in
mathematics in children in the first year of schooling.
The study was carried out in the context of supervised pedagogical practice in a private
school, in a class of 1st year, composed of 21 students (11 boys and 10 girls). The methodology
used by the teacher is more traditional or expository, despite using some strategies and instruments
of the Modern School Movement Model. The problem arose in the classroom context during the
children's sharing, the difficulties felt in the area of mathematics and the teacher's interest in
developing more playful and meaningful learning. The study used a qualitative investigation based
on the action-research methodology and participant observation during the performance of the
proposed activities. The proposals were made considering playfulness as a way to promote
meaningful and interdisciplinary learning always in conjunction with the proposals of the
cooperating teacher and the children's interest through games, activities of artistic expressions in
order to introduce activities related to mathematics
Associações entre as perceções de saúde e problemas de sono na pré-adolescência
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Avaliação dos níveis de adesão ao tratamento numa amostra de doentes com hipertensão arterial
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Correlação entre relações afetuosas na comunidade universitária e crenças referentes a comportamentos violentos
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Cuidados centrados na pessoa idosa em Portugal : abordagens e instrumentos de avaliação
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