Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida
Repositório do ISPANot a member yet
10030 research outputs found
Sort by
Burnout syndrome in university professors and academic staff members: psychometric properties of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory–Brazilian version
Get PDFThe aims of this study were to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory-Brazilian version (CBI-Br) in a sample of university professors and academic staff members of Brazilian public universities, to estimate the level of burnout syndrome (BS) among these workers, and to assess the associations of BS with demographic and occupational determinants of the syndrome. A total of 676 workers participated in the study. Confirmatory factor analysis results supported a three-factor model with 18 items and an acceptable overall fit. Adequate convergent and discriminant validity of the CBI-Br's factors were observed, as well as adequate reliability of the instrument for the sample. In conclusion, the results of this study provide evidence of the validity and reliability of the CBI-Br for the measurement of BS in Brazilian university professors and academic staff members. In addition, the CBI-Br may be an important tool for the diagnosis of psychosocial risks related to BS in the academic environment.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
O crescimento pós-traumático em pessoas com cancro e a influência de um expert companion no ajustamento psicossocial à doença
Get PDFDissertação de mestrado apresentada ao ISPA – instituto Universitário para obtenção do grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia ClínicaObjetivo: A presente investigação tem como principais objetivos: (a) compreender a associação entre as variáveis sociodemográficas e psicossociais e o crescimento pós-traumático, (b) avaliar a intensidade da associação entre as variáveis, com o intuito de perceber a influência do tipo de apoio de um Expert Companion, consoante a gravidade da doença; (c) avaliar as relações entre as variáveis psicossociais, (e) e compreender se o facto de existir um expert companion durante a doença oncológica tem alguma influência no processo de crescimento pós-traumático.
Método: O presente estudo é transversal e correlacional. A amostra, resultante de uma mostragem não probabilística por conveniência, é constituída por 250 indivíduos (M = 43,50; DP = 10,87), 203 do sexo feminino (81,2%), que já tiveram ou têm diagnóstico de cancro. Foram utilizadas as seguintes escalas: O Inventário de Crescimento Pós-Traumático (ICPT); O Inventário de Crenças Centrais (ICC) ; O inventário de Expressão Emocional (Distress Disclosure Index – DDI); A Escala de Controlo Emocional de Courtauld (CEC); A Escala Multidimensional de Suporte Social Percebido (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support - MSPSS). Com o objetivo de perceber de que forma é que a presença do expert companion teve influência no CPT, a amostra foi dividida em dois grupos (G1-sem expert companion; G2 – com expert companion).
Resultados: Foi possível verificar que as variáveis psicossociais se encontram correlacionadas significativamente com o CPT, que existe uma associação positiva e significativa entre a gravidade da situação e o tipo de apoio que um expert companion pode exercer ao longo do processo da doença oncológica e que a idade, a disrupção das crenças centrais, a expressão emocional, o suporte social que é fornecido e a presença de expert companion são variáveis preditoras de CPT.Objective: The present investigation has as main objectives: (a) to understand the association between sociodemographic and psychosocial variables and post-traumatic growth, (b) to measure the intensity of the association between the variables, in order to understand the influence of the type of support from an expert companion, depending on the severity of the disease; (c) assess the relationships between psychosocial variables; (e) and whether the fact that an expert companion exists during the oncological disease has any influence on the post-traumatic growth process.
Method: The present study is cross-sectional and correlational. The sample, resulting from a non-probabilistic sample for convenience, consists of 250 individuals (M = 43.50; SD = 10.87), 203 female (81.2%), who have had or are currently diagnosed with cancer. The following scales were used: The Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI); The Inventory of Central Beliefs (ICB); The inventory of Emotional Expression (Distress Disclosure Index - DDI); The Courtauld Emotional Control Scale (CEC); The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support - MSPSS). In order to understand how the presence of the expert companion had an influence on the CPT, the sample was divided into two groups (G1-without expert companion ; G2 - with expert companion).
Result: It was possible to verify that the psychosocial variables are significantly correlated with PTG, that there is a positive and significant association between the severity of the situation and the type of support that an expert companion can offer throughout the oncological disease process and that age, the disruption in central beliefs, the emotional expression, the social support provided and the presence of an expert companion are predictive variables for PTG
“To g or not to g?” — Analysis of the dimensional structure of a cognitive abilities’ battery
No full texttOver the past century there has been an extensive debate in Psychology over whether intelligencestructure is best represented through a single general ability, multiple specific abilities, or a hierar-chical structure of abilities. This study aims at contributing to this debate through an analysis of thedimensional structure of a cognitive abilities’ battery aiming to evaluate, in combination, differentiatedcognitive processes of increasing complexity (comprehension, reasoning, and problem solving) throughitems of different contents (verbal, numerical, and spatial). A Portuguese representative sample of 2546adolescents enrolled in secondary education participated in the study. Confirmatory factor analyses werecarried out and the results showed that: (1) the hierarchical model is the only presenting an acceptablefit to the data (RMSEA = .07; CFI = .96; TLI = .92), (2) the existence of specific factors cannot be neglected,and (3) contents of the subtests assume relevance to explain the levels of adolescents’ cognitive per-formance. These results are discussed taking into account the contribution of school experience for thedevelopment and differentiation of adolescents’ cognitive abilities.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologiainfo:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersio
Sim é um desporto : Um estudo de caso de equipas profissionais de league of legends
No full textDissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA –
Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre
na especialidade de Psicologia Social e das Organizações.O mundo do desporto tem vindo a aceitar lentamente a inclusão de eSports enquanto modalidade aceite. De facto, a sua evolução rápida é proveniente da proliferação do acesso a computadores e à evolução da velocidade da internet que tem feito com que esta nova modalidade de desporto se tenha desenvolvido a uma velocidade estonteante. Com o intuito de desenvolver uma nova rota de investigação, este estudo qualitativo visa dar a explicar alguns processos subjacentes às vitórias e derrotas de equipas dentro deste meio competitivo e com uma elevada carga de stress associado, por via da observação de comportamentos relativos ás subcategorias da coordenação e das estratégias de regulação controlada de afectos num dos jogos mais proeminentes neste contexto emergente que é o eSports, o League of Legends. Concluiu-se que uma equipa bem coordenada nem sempre é aquela que demonstra as melhores estratégias de regulação emocional devido a possíveis factores externos à mesma quer por questões próprias dos sujeitos que integram essa equipa.The world of sports has been slow to accept the new emerging giant of eSports as an acceptable modality. As it happens, its quick evolution is due to the proliferation of the access to computers and the evolution of the readily available ever-growing internet speeds has made it so that this modality has developed at an alarming pace. With the intent of developing a new route of investigation into this field, this qualitative study vies to obtain some explanations as to the processes behind victories and defeats in this competitive scene with a elevated stress levels in play by way of observing the existence of behaviors related to the sub-categories of coordination as well as the field of emotional regulation in one of the most prominent games within the emerging scene of eSports, League of Legends. The study concluded that the team that displays the highest amount of coordination-related behaviors is not always the team that demonstrates the best strategies for controlled interpersonal emotional regulation not only due to the members’ personal characteristics but also because of possible factors that are external to the team itself
Chemical fingerprints of emotional body odor
Get PDFChemical communication is common among animals. In humans, the chemical basis of social communication has remained a black box, despite psychological and neural research showing distinctive physiological, behavioral, and neural consequences of body odors emitted during emotional states like fear and happiness. We used a multidisciplinary approach to examine whether molecular cues could be associated with an emotional state in the emitter. Our research revealed that the volatile molecules transmitting different emotions to perceivers also have objectively different chemical properties. Chemical analysis of underarm sweat collected from the same donors in fearful, happy, and emotionally neutral states was conducted using untargeted two-dimensional (GC×GC) coupled with time of flight (ToF) MS-based profiling. Based on the multivariate statistical analyses, we find that the pattern of chemical volatiles (N = 1655 peaks) associated with fearful state is clearly different from that associated with (pleasant) neutral state. Happy sweat is also significantly different from the other states, chemically, but shows a bipolar pattern of overlap with fearful as well as neutral state. Candidate chemical classes associated with emotional and neutral sweat have been identified, specifically, linear aldehydes, ketones, esters, and cyclic molecules (5 rings). This research constitutes a first step toward identifying the chemical fingerprints of emotion.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Calling activity and calls' temporal features inform about fish reproductive condition and spawning in three cultured Sciaenidae species
No full textAlthough many fish species are vocal, the use of fish sounds for aquaculture management and wild population protection has not received much attention. In this
study, sound production of three members of the Sciaenidae family was monitored before and during spawning in aquaculture facilities. The species examined
include the meagre Argyrosomus regius, the shi dum Umbrina cirrosa and red drum Sciaenops ocellatus. Red drum reproduces spontaneously in captivity, whereas shi
drum and meagre often require hormonal stimulation using gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) for the induction of oocyte maturation, ovulation and
spawning. In all three species, a clear increase in calling activity was detected during spawning nights, when longer sounds with a higher number of faster repeated
pulses were emitted. Changes of call temporal features could be related to histological changes in the sonic muscles. After GnRHa treatment and during spawning,
meagre sonic fibres were wider and the ratio of sarcoplasmic reticulum to myofibril cross-sectional area was higher. The correlation of calling activity with spawning
events opens up the possibility of using the monitoring of calling activity and of call temporal features as tools for evaluating the reproductive state of different
sciaenid species, both in the wild and captivity.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
The relationship between abusive supervision and organizational trust : the role of subordinates’ self-esteem
Get PDFAbstract: Interest in abusive supervision (Tepper, 2000) has increased due to its serious personal and organizational costs. As such, there is a need for additional studies that identify the individuals’ factors that can minimize the adverse effects of abusive supervision.
Specifically, we predict employee self-esteem as a buffer of the relationship between abusive supervision, organizational trust and in-role behaviors. Additionally, we suggest organizational trust as a possible mechanism linking abusive supervision to in-role behaviors. Our model was explored among a sample of 201 supervisor-subordinate dyads from different organizational settings. The results of the moderated mediation analysis supported our hypotheses. That is, abusive supervision was significantly related to in-role behaviors via organizational trust when employees’ self-esteem was low, but not when it was high. These findings suggest that self-esteem buffers the impact of abusive supervision perceptions on organizational trust, with consequences for performance.Resumo: O interesse no estudo da supervisão abusiva (Tepper, 2000) aumentou devido às suas consequências nefastas a nível pessoal e custos organizacionais que acarreta. Como tal, são necessários estudos adicionais que identifiquem os fatores individuais passíveis de minimizar os efeitos adversos da supervisão abusiva.
Especificamente, propomos que a autoestima dos colaboradores constitui um moderador na relação entre supervisão, confiança organizacional e comportamentos intra papel. Além disso, sugerimos que confiança organizacional é possível mecanismo que vincula a supervisão abusiva a comportamentos intra papel. O modelo proposto foi testado numa amostra constituída por 201 díades supervisor-subordinado de diferentes organizações. Os resultados da análise de mediação moderada suportaram
as nossas hipóteses. Ou seja, a supervisão abusiva tem uma relação significativa com comportamentos intra papel através da confiança organizacional quando a autoestima dos colaboradores é baixa, mas não quando a autoestima é alta. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a autoestima modera o impacto de percepções de supervisão abusiva na confiança organizacional, com consequências para o desempenho.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Traços de personalidade, engagement, intenções de saída e o efeito mediador do clima organizacional : um estudo de caso numa empresa de animação
Get PDFDissertação de Mestrado ISPA – Instituto Universitário
para obtenção de grau de Mestre na
especialidade de Psicologia Social e das
OrganizaçõesO principal objetivo da presente investigação passou por analisar a relação
estabelecida entre os cinco grandes Traços de Personalidade e os níveis de Engagement
dos colaboradores de uma empresa de animação e organização de eventos. Procedeu-se
ainda ao estudo da relação estabelecida entre o Engagement e as Intenções de Saída
organizacionais, bem como o papel mediador exercido pelo Clima Organizacional sobre
a relação supracitada.
A amostra total contou com a participação de 106 colaboradores da empresa em
estudo. A fim de avaliar as variáveis em análise, foi aplicado um protocolo online,
composto por quatro instrumentos: Big Five Inventory (Bártolo-Ribeiro & Aguiar, 2008),
Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, (Schaufeli & Bakker, 2003), escala de Clima
Organizacional- CLIOR (Peña-Suárez, Muñiz, Campillo-Álvarez, Fonseca-Pedrero &
García-Cueto, 2012) e por fim, a escala de Intenções de Saída Organizacional (Bártolo-
Ribeiro, 2018).
No que se refere à análise dos resultados obtidos quanto à relação dos Traços de
Personalidade com o Engagement, os resultados alcançados revelaram que apenas a
Amabilidade e a Abertura à Experiência apresentam correlações significativas com o
Engagement. Quanto à relação estabelecida entre o Engagement e as Intenções de Saída,
também esta demonstrou correlações significativas entre as variáveis em vista. Por fim,
foi realizada a análise da variável mediadora, o Clima Organizacional, corroborando-se o
papel mediador do Clima sobre a relação entre o Engagement e as Intenções de saída.
Como tal, é possível afirmar que o Engagement e o Clima Organizacional se encontram
negativamente correlacionados com as intenções de saída dos colaboradores.The main goal of this study was the analysis of the established relation between
the Big Five personality traits and the engagement levels of the collaborators from an
animation and event organization company. It also aims to study the established relation
between engagement and turnover intentions, as well as the mediating role of
organizational climate on the above mentioned relation.
The total sample of this study was composed by 106 company employees under
study. In order to evaluate the variables an online protocol was applied, composed by four
instruments: Big Five Inventory (Bártolo-Ribeiro & Aguiar, 2008), Utrecht Work
Engagement Scale, (Schaufeli & Bakker, 2003), organizational climate scale- CLIOR
(Peña-Suárez, Muñiz, Campillo-Álvarez, Fonseca-Pedrero & García-Cueto, 2012) and
Turnover intentions scale (Bártolo-Ribeiro, 2018).
Through the acquired results it was possible to conclude that only the personality
traits, kindness and openness to experience show significant correlations with the
engagement. In turn, the relation established between engagement and exit intentions also
shows significant correlations. Finally, the mediating effect of the organizational climate
on the relation established between the engagement and the turnover intentions has been
proven. As such, it is possible to state that the engagement and the organizational climate
are negatively correlated with the exit intentions of the employees
Diálogos nas interações : reflexões sobre a ação educativa de uma futura educadora de infância
Get PDFRelatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada apresentada no ISPA – Instituto
Universitário/ ESEI Maria Ulrich para obtenção de grau de Mestre em
Educação Pré-EscolarO presente relatório realizado no âmbito da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada, para a
obtenção do grau de Mestre em Educação Pré-Escolar, pretende explanar a prática
reflexiva de uma futura educadora de infância e o modo como essa reflexão remete para
a ação e para o diálogo com as crianças. Com o intuito de focar a minha atenção para
posterior reflexão recorri aos seguintes objetivos: i) dialogar com as crianças para
potenciar as interações , a partilha e a aceitação pelo outro; (ii) refletir sobre a ação do
adulto como agente ativo na valorização de opiniões e escolhas das crianças; (iii) refletir
sobre a ação educativa como espaço de diálogo das interações entre crianças e entre
adultos e crianças.
A investigação é alicerçada numa abordagem qualitativa com recolha de informação
baseada na observação e análise das situações vivenciadas, como também na análise
documental.
A apresentação, a análise e a reflexão das intervenções permitiu compreender que a escuta
das crianças pode sugerir o caminho de aprendizagem, bem como tornar visível a
intencionalidade pedagógica e potenciar a construção da profissionalidade docente.The present report, carried out within the Supervised Teaching Practice in order to obtain
a Master's degree in Preschool Education, intends to explain the reflective practice of a
future kindergarten teacher and how this reflection refers to action and dialogue with
children. In order to focus my attention for further reflection, I have used the following
objectives: (i) to dialogue with children in order to enhance interactions, sharing and
acceptance by others; (ii) to reflect on the action of adults as active agents in valuing the
opinions and choices of children; (iii) to reflect on educational action as a space for
dialogue in interactions between children and between adults and children.
The research is based on a qualitative approach with information gathering based on the
observation and analysis of lived situations, as well as documentary analysis.
The presentation, analysis and reflection of the interventions made it possible to
understand that listening to children can suggest the path of learning, as well as making
visible the pedagogical intentionality and boosting the construction of teaching
professionalism.r, teaching p, p,
The HOME_EU project on housing first as a path to end homelessness in Europe
Get PDFHomelessness is a persistent, prevailing and life threatening and deprivation situation that is the
expression of major structural, institutional and circumstantial maladjustments. In this contribution
we provide some background information about the contributions upon which the HOME_EU Project is
impacts for the present and future strategies to reverse homelessness in Europe.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio