Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida
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Reactions from family of origin to the disclosure of lesbian motherhood via donor insemination
No full textMost studies of planned lesbian motherhood via donor insemination (DI) have sampled lesbian mothers in individualistic societies where adults have relatively distant connection to their family of origin. Our study examined the experiences of biological and non-biological lesbian mothers in five families who had children through DI after disclosing their motherhood status to their family networks in Portugal, a familistic society. The first theme identified by thematic analysis-"But why do you want to have a child?"-encapsulated the reactions of biological mothers' family of origin to the announcement of motherhood. Disclosure was mostly met by a shocked response in the family, rooted in the belief that lesbian women should not have children. The second theme-"But you weren't pregnant, how is this your child?"-summarized the reactions of non-biological mothers' family of origin to the disclosure of motherhood status as they considered refusing to recognize their grandchild in the absence of biological connection. Prejudice against lesbian-mother family formation was associated with the specific intersection of lesbianism and motherhood, but relationships between the mothers and their families were largely repaired because of familistic values.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - FCTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Oxytocin receptor signaling modulates novelty recognition but not social preference in zebrafish
No full textSociality is a complex phenomenon that involves the individual's motivation to approach their conspecifics, along with social cognitive functions that enable individuals to interact and survive. The nonapeptide oxytocin (OXT) is known to regulate sociality in many species. However, the role of OXT in specific aspects of sociality is still not well understood. In the present study we investigated the contribution of the OXT receptor (OXTR) signaling in two different aspects of zebrafish social behavior: social preference, by measuring their motivation to approach a shoal of conspecifics, and social recognition, by measuring their ability to discriminate between a novel and familiar fish, using a mutant zebrafish lacking a functional OXTR. Although oxtr mutant zebrafish displayed normal attraction to a shoal of conspecifics, they exhibited reduced social recognition. We further investigated if this effect would be social-domain specific by replacing conspecific fish by objects. Although no differences were observed in object approach, oxtr mutant fish also exhibited impaired object recognition. Our findings suggest that OXTR signaling regulates a more general memory recognition of familiar vs. novel entities, not only in social but also in a non-social domain, in zebrafish.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio
Ansiedade face aos testes
No full textDissertação de Mestrado presentada no ISPA – Instituto
Universitário para obtenção de grau de
Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia da
Educação.O stress e a ansiedade são uma constante no dia-a-dia da população em geral. Na vida
académica isto não é diferente pois os alunos são expostos a diversas situações causadores
desse stress e dessa ansiedade, como por exemplo a pressão que sentem por parte dos
professores ou até dos pais para alcançarem bons resultados, as constantes avaliações a que
são sujeitos ao longo de todo o percurso académico, o receio que os próprios sentem em
falhar, as expectativas sentidas por estes em relação à sua vida académica, entre outras.
Tudo isto poderá influenciar tanto o desempenho académico dos alunos como o sucesso
escolar dos mesmos.
. Existem factores que poderão mostrar diferenças nos níveis de ansiedade como por
exemplo o facto de o aluno já ter reprovado de ano anteriormente, o género, o autoconceito
e o nível de escolaridade em que se encontram.
Posto isto, este trabalho apresenta como objectivo conhecer e compreender a
ansiedade face aos testes nos estudantes de duas turmas que frequentam o 8º, 9º, 10º e 11º
anos lectivos do agrupamento de escolas da Brandoa, Amadora. Este trabalho, pretende
também compreender o comportamento da variável ansiedade face aos testes em relação ao
autoconceito, ao género, ao ciclo escolar e ao proveito escolar dos alunos.
A recolha dos dados foi de forma quantitativa através de dois questionários, o QAT –
“Questionário da Ansiedade Face aos Testes” de Rosário e Soares (2004) e a “Escala de
Autoconceito e Auto-Estima” de Peixoto e Almeida (1999).
Os resultados não foram de encontro à literatura, não tendo sido verificadas diferenças
significativas na ansiedade sentida face aos testes em relação ao género, autoconceito, ciclo
escolar e proveito académico. Assim, os resultados não foram de encontro às hipóteses
propostas neste estudo. No entanto, isto poderá ser explicado, como mais à frente se poderá
consultar.Stress and anxiety are a constant in the everyday life of the general population. In
academic life this is no different because students are exposed to various situations that
cause this stress and anxiety, such as the pressure they feel from teachers or even parents to
achieve good results, the constant assessments to which they are subjected all along the
academic path, their own fear of failing, their expectations of their academic life, among
others. All of this can influence both students’ academic achievement and student
achievement.
There are factors that may show differences in anxiety levels such as the fact that the
students has already failed a grade before, the gender, self-concept and level of education
they are in.
That said, this paper aims to know and understand the anxiety about the test in
students from two classes that attend the 8th, 9th, 10th and 11th grade of the Brandoa,
Amadora school cluster.
This paper also aims to understand the behavior of the anxiety variable in relation to
the testes in relation to self-concept, gender, school cycle and students’ school
performance.
Data collection was quantitative through two questionnaires, the QAT – “Anxiety
Questionnaire on Tests” by Rosário and Soares (2004) and the “Self-Concept and Self-
Esteem Scale” by Peixoto and Almeida (1999).
The results were not in the literature, and there were no significant differences in the
anxiety felt regarding the tests in relation to gender, self-concept, school cycle and
academic achievement. Thus, the results did not match the hypotheses proposed in this
study. However, this can be explained as you will see later.
Keywords
Comportamentos de saúde e saúde mental em estudantes do ensino superior politécnico
No full textinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
The potential of Aeromonas spp. from wildlife as antimicrobial resistance indicators in aquatic environments
No full textDeclines in freshwater fish populations are occurring at a fast rate, increasing the importance of ex-situ conservation programs supported by sound knowledge of population dynamics and life-history traits of the target species. We analysed the growth and age structure of wild and captive stocks of the western ruivaco Achondrostoma occidentale, a Portuguese endangered cyprinid, targeted for captive breeding and restocking since 2007. Specifically, we compared maximum size, longevity, and length-at-age among captive and wild populations, restocked and non-restocked. We found considerable variation in length-at-age and longevity between captive-bred and wild fish, with the former generally growing faster and living longer. Analysis of length-age distributions among wild populations suggested a positive effect of restocking actions in fish abundance. Results highlight the value of captive breeding for the conservation of endangered cyprinids, and reinforce the need for detailed data on life-history trait variation between captive and wild stocks to assess the efficiency of ex-situ conservation programs.CIISA – Centre for Interdisciplinary
Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University
of Lisboninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Missão 2050 : uso da gamificação para a promoção do comportamento online saudável
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Modelos de avaliação de programas de treino de competências comunicacionais em saúde
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Validação do Family Assessement Device (FAD) numa amostra de jovens portugueses
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Vinculação aos pais, ao par amoroso e comportamentos sexuais de risco
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As campanhas de ativismo para a redução do consumo de carne - uma leitura socicopsicológia e experimental
No full textDissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia SocialEste estudo segue uma longa tradição de estudo da eficácia de campanhas, analisando o caso específico das campanhas realizadas pelo The Animal Save Movement. Considerando o objetivo da campanha, um dos critérios de avaliação desta eficácia, foi a redução do descomprometimento moral no consumo de carne, variável que já se verificou distinguir pessoas com dietas que incluem ou excluem o consumo de carne. Um segundo critério analisado prende-se com uma variável mais próxima do comportamento planeado: a intenção comportamental, aqui operacionalizado na inscrição num programa que acompanha a transição para uma alimentação 100% vegetal ou a sua experimentação durante 30 dias. Os resultados demonstram que os participantes que consomem carne, os principais destinatários da campanha, têm efeitos de redução do descomprometimento moral após visualização da campanha do Save, mas não do aumento da intenção comportamental de envolvimento num programa alimentar diferente. Um segundo objetivo foi o do estudo do processo que medeia o processo de eficácia das campanhas. Para tal, analisámos a proximidade emocional entre participantes e animais, operacionalizada como a menor perceção de exclusividade humana, relativamente aos animais, das emoções secundárias. Para um teste mais direto desta hipótese, incluiu-se uma variação aos vídeos das campanhas do Save em que a fonte da informação são pessoas a visualizarem os vídeos originais dos animais. Nesta condição, esperava-se que, no processo de humanização dos animais por proxy, o descomprometimento moral fosse menor. No entanto, os resultados não confirmam esta hipótese, com análises a levantar a necessidade de um novo teste de hipóteses junto de uma amostra mais diversa. Os resultados serão discutidos tendo em consideração a teoria de desumanização, do descomprometimento moral, bem como as diferenças existentes entre vegetarianos e omnívoros.This study follows a long tradition of studying the effectiveness of campaigns, analyzing the specific case of the meat consumption reduction campaigns conducted by The Animal Save Movement. Considering the objective of the campaign, one of the criteria for evaluating this effectiveness was the decrease of moral disengagement in meat consumption, a variable that has already been found to distinguish people with diets that include or exclude meat consumption. A second criteria analyzed relates to a variable closer to the planned behavior: the behavioral intention, here operationalized in the enrollment in a program that helps the transition to a 100% plant-based diet or thirty days trial. The results show that the participants who consume meat, the main recipients of the campaign, have the effect of reducing moral disengagement after viewing the Save campaign, but not in increasing the behavioral intention to engage in a different food program. A second objective was to study the process that measures the effectiveness of the campaigns. For this we analyzed the emotional closeness between participants and animals, operationalized as the lesser perception of human exclusivity, relative to animals, of secondary emotions. For a more direct test of this hypothesis, we included a variation to the Save campaign videos where the source of the information is people viewing the original videos of the animals. In this condition, it was expected that in the process of humanization of animals by proxy, the moral disengagement would be less. However, the results do not confirm this hypothesis, with analyses showing the need for a new hypothesis test with a more diverse sample. The results will be discussed taking into consideration the theory of dehumanization, moral disengagement, as well as the differences between vegetarians and omnivores