Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida
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Connectivity between countries established by landbirds and raptors migrating along the African–Eurasian flyway
Get PDFThe conservation of long-distance migratory birds requires coordination between the multiple countries connected by the movements of these species. The recent expansion of
tracking studies is shedding new light on these movements, but much of this information
is fragmented and inaccessible to conservation practitioners and policy makers. We synthesized current knowledge on the connectivity established between countries by landbirds
and raptors migrating along the African–Eurasian flyway. We reviewed tracking studies to
compile migration records for 1229 individual birds, from which we derived 544 migratory links, each link corresponding to a species’ connection between a breeding country in
Europe and a nonbreeding country in sub-Saharan Africa. We used these migratory links
to analyze trends in knowledge over time and spatial patterns of connectivity per country
(across species), per species (across countries), and at the flyway scale (across all countries
and all species). The number of tracking studies available increased steadily since 2010 (particularly for landbirds), but the coverage of existing tracking data was highly incomplete.
An average of 7.5% of migratory landbird species and 14.6% of raptor species were tracked
per country. More data existed from central and western European countries, and it was
biased toward larger bodied species. We provide species- and country-level syntheses of the
migratory links we identified from the reviewed studies, involving 123 populations of 43
species, migrating between 28 European and 43 African countries. Several countries (e.g.,
Spain, Poland, Ethiopia, Democratic Republic of Congo) are strategic priorities for future
tracking studies to complement existing data, particularly on landbirds. Despite the limitations in existing tracking data, our data and results can inform discussions under 2 key
policy instruments at the flyway scale: the African–Eurasian Migratory Landbirds Action Plan and the Memorandum of Understanding on the Conservation of Migratory Birds of
Prey in Africa and EurasiaResumen: La conservación de las aves que migran grandes distancias requiere de una
coordinación entre los varios países conectados por los movimientos de estas especies.
La expansión reciente de los estudios de rastreo está descubriendo novedades en estos
movimientos, aunque gran parte de esta información está fragmentada y es inaccesible para
quienes practican y elaboran las políticas de conservación. Sintetizamos el conocimiento
actual sobre la conectividad establecida entre países por las aves terrestres y rapaces que
migran a través del corredor aéreo africano-euroasiático. Revisamos los estudios de rastreo
para compilar los registros migratorios de 1229 aves, de los cuales derivamos 544 conexiones migratorias, con cada conexión correspondiendo a la conexión que tiene una especie
entre un país europeo en donde se reproduce con un país de la África subsahariana en
donde no se reproduce. Usamos estas conexiones migratorias para analizar las tendencias informativas en patrones espaciales y temporales de conectividad por país (en todas
las especies), por especie (en todos los países) y a escala del corredor aéreo (en todas las
especies y en todos los países). El número de estudios de rastreo disponibles incrementó
gradualmente a partir de 2010 (particularmente para las aves terrestres), pero la cobertura de los datos de rastreo existentes estaba incompleta. Se rastreó en promedio 7.5% de
especies de aves terrestres migratorias y 14.6% de aves rapaces por país. Existían más datos
de los países del centro y oeste de Europa, los cuales estaban sesgados hacia las especies de
mayor tamaño. Proporcionamos varias síntesis a nivel de especie y país de las conexiones
migratorias que identificamos a partir de la revisión de estudios, las cuales involucran a
123 poblaciones de 43 especies que migran entre 28 países europeos y 43 países africanos.
Varios países, como España, Polonia, Etiopía y la República Democrática del Congo son
prioridades estratégicas para complementar los datos existentes en los siguientes estudios
de rastreo, en especial para las aves terrestres. A pesar de las limitaciones que tienen los
datos de rastreo existentes, nuestros datos y resultados pueden orientar las discusiones con
dos instrumentos claves para las políticas: el Plan de Acción de las Aves Terrestres Migratorias Africanas-Euroasiáticas y el Memorando de Entendimiento sobre la Conservación
de las Aves Rapaces Migratorias de África y Eurasia.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - FCTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio
Editorial: Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Psychological and behavioral consequences of confinement on physical activity, sedentarism, and rehabilitation
Get PDFThis collection shows that physical activity behavior and COVID-19 are related. Active life during the pandemic provided fewer negative psychological states in different populations. Lockdown and social distancing have created conditions to increase stress, which exercising was a positive action for its reduction or prevention.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Dark triad personalities, self-control, and antisocial/criminal outcomes in Youth
Get PDFThe Dark Triad composed of psychopathy, Machiavellianism,
and narcissism, and also self-control are consistently related to
antisocial and criminal externalizing outcomes. In the present
study, we examined whether self-control mediates the relationships between the Dark Triad and delinquency, conduct disorder, and crime seriousness outcomes. The sample consisted of
567 adolescents (M = 15.91 years, SD = 0.99 years, range = 14–
18 years) from Portugal. Self-control mediated the association
between psychopathy and Machiavellianism (but not narcissism) and self-reported juvenile delinquency, conduct disorder
symptoms, and crime seriousness. One reason antisocial/criminal behaviors are common in those characterized by psychopathy and Machiavellianism relates to their deficits in selfcontrol as suggested by general theories. Within the nomological network of dark traits, narcissism appears to have enduring
and unmediated associations with externalizing features and
conduct problems. Our findings add to the literature modeling
the Dark Triad along with self-control to elucidate its contributions to antisocial/criminal outcomes in youth.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - FCTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Using a modified version of photovoice in a European cross‐national study on homelessness
Get PDFThis study proposes an innovative use of a modified version of photovoice for
cross‐national qualitative research that allows participants to express their ideas,
experiences, and emotions about a topic through photographic language. We
examine factors affecting social service providers' work on people experiencing
homelessness in Europe. We highlight five advantages of using photovoice in
cross‐national research: visual language, methodological flexibility, participatory
data analysis, the bottom‐up process, and the promotion of social change.
Moreover, we identify key stages of the process: writing a detailed protocol for
the implementation and fidelity of the projects, using two levels of data analysis,
and disseminating the results. This study provides lessons learned for others who
may want to use photovoice in cross‐national research.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Como fazer citações e referências: Guia prático da norma APA (2020, 7ª edição)
Get PDFO livro Como fazer citações e referências? Guia prático da norma APA (2020, 7ª ed.) procura ser um documento de suporte para estudantes e investigadores que pretendam apresentar um relatório científico ou técnico, uma dissertação de mestrado ou uma tese de doutoramento ou o resultado de uma investigação, na redação das citações e referências de diferentes tipologias de acordo com a nova edição do Publication Manual da American Psychological Association (2020, 7th ed.).
O estilo APA é o mais usado na área das ciências sociais e humanas e segue as convenções estabelecidas pela American Psychological Association (www.apastyle.org). O presente guia oferece um conjunto de diretrizes gerais para efetuar citações em texto e referências bibliográficas para os diversos tipos de documentos.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Dropout among perpetrators of intimate partner violence attending an intervention program
Get PDFBatterer intervention programs (BIPs) are some of the most relevant
strategies to reduce intimate partner violence (IPV). However, the
rate of dropout is significantly high, which may impact the
effectiveness of such strategies. Literature has identified several
factors associated with BIPs’ dropout; nonetheless findings remain
inconsistent. Thus, the aims of this study were to analyse the
differences between perpetrators who completed the program
and those who droped out, in terms of sociodemographic,
violence-related and intrapersonal variables, as well as identify
the predictors of dropout. Eighty-three IPV perpetrators
completed a set of measures that assessed attitudes toward
domestic violence, physical and psychological abuse of a partner,
aggression, coping skills, and readiness to change. Variables
related to past criminal history and sociodemographics were also
colletected. 42.2% of IPV perpetrators failed to complete the
intervention program. The results revealed that age and previous
convictions by other crimes than IPV discriminated perpetrators
who completed the program from those who droped out, such
that, being young and having a previous conviction predicted
dropout. These findings reveal a need to further analyse the
impact of these factors so BIPs can be tailored to meet the
specificities of IPV perpetrators and prevent treatment dropout.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - FCTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Assessing meaning violations in Syrian refugees: A mixed‐methods cross‐cultural adaptation of the Global Meaning Violations Scale–ArabV
Get PDFRefugees are disproportionately affected by extreme traumatic events that can
violate core beliefs and life goals (i.e., global meaning) and cause significant
distress. This mixed-methods study used an exploratory sequential design to
assess meaning violations in a sample of Syrian refugees living in Portugal. For
this purpose, we cross-culturally adapted the Global Meaning Violations Scale
(GMVS) for use with Arabic-speaking refugees. In total, 43 war-affected Syrian adults participated in the two-phase study. Participants completed measures
of trauma and narrated violations as they filled out the newly adapted GMVSArabV. GMVS-ArabV validity evidence based on response processes was investigated through Phase 1 focus groups (FGs; n = 2), whereas data from Phase 2
cognitive interviews (n = 38) were used to preliminarily explore the measure’s
internal structure through descriptive statistics as well as culture- and traumainformed content evidence through thematic analysis. The results suggested
highest goal (M = 3.51, SD = 1.46) and lowest belief (M = 2.38, SD = 1.59) violations of educational goals and religious beliefs, respectively. Themes related to
stressors, item formulation, response scale, and the global meaning construct
suggested that (a) beliefs and goals can be differentially violated by different
stressors; (b) much like war trauma, including torture, daily stressors can additionally shatter pretrauma global meaning; and (c) refugees reappraise meaning and suffer violations anew throughout their migration journeys. The GMVSArabV offers a promising tool for exploring shattered cognitions in refugees and
informs evidence-based approaches to trauma recovery and psychological adjustment in postmigration settings (the Arabic abstract and keywords are available
in the Supplementary Materials).Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - FCTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Rethinking Lleahy’s Emotional Schema Scale (LESS): Results from the Portuguese Adaptation of the LESS
Get PDFThis study aims to contribute to the study of emotional schemas, through the adaptation of the Leahy Emotional Schema Scale (LESS) to Portuguese. The LESS is a
50 item self-report with 14 theoretical dimensions, representing concepts, evaluations, attributions of emotions, and strategies of emotion regulation (Leahy in Cognit Behav Pract 9(3):177–190, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1077-7229(02)80048-
7). Translation, back-translation and pilot assessment of LESS’s Portuguese version
were completed. Data was collected online with 396 participants. An exploratory
principal component analysis was conducted. Parallel analysis revealed a 5-component structure, which after the deletion of eight items generated a fnal solution
explaining 48% of the variance. Components internal consistency was adequate
and convergent validity supported with signifcant correlations with difculties in
emotional regulation and emotional processing, and psychopathology. It presents
dimensions that are highly relevant for assessment, case conceptualization and clinical decision making. Although this scale is related to a specifc cognitive theory,
the construct and its subscales may be useful beyond the psychotherapeutic model,
stressing the transtheoretical potential of the scale.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
As artes visuais em educação de infância : o papel do educador no processo criativo
Get PDFRelatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada apresentado no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre em Educação Pré-Escolar, criado por Aviso n.º 9931/2017, publicado no Diário da República, 2.ª série, n.º165 de 28 de agosto de 2017.O presente relatório apresenta um estudo realizado sobre o papel do educador no processo criativo de um grupo de crianças, com idades compreendidas entre os 2 e 4 anos, tendo por base uma metodologia de investigação de carácter qualitativo.
Os instrumentos utilizados para a recolha de evidências recaíram sobre a observação participante e não participante, que por sua vez acabou por se traduzir em notas de campo e registos fotográficos. Além disso, também se recorreu a duas entrevistas realizadas à educadora cooperante e à professora de artes.
Os objetivos desta investigação visam identificar de que forma o processo criativo é experienciado pelas crianças, perceber de que forma se pode organizar o ambiente educativo de modo a promover o processo criativo no âmbito das artes visuais e, por fim, compreender o papel do educador no processo criativo das crianças.
Através dos dados recolhidos, foi possível constatar que o processo criativo é experienciado de formas diferenciadas, embora se identifiquem algumas regularidades, nomeadamente, com a exploração dos materiais, a comunicação, a imitação, a postura e o tempo. No que diz respeito ao ambiente educativo identificaram-se algumas possibilidades de organização que se revelaram promotoras de processos criativos, particularmente: o acesso livre, ou seja, materiais à disposição da criança, a diversidade e a qualidade dos materiais. Relativamente ao papel do educador destaca-se a importância da observação para entender os processos e a relevância de o adulto se mostrar disponível para acompanhar, aconselhar e proporcionar explorações diversas.This report presents a study on the role of the educator in the creative process of a group of children, aged between 2 and 4 years, based on a qualitative research methodology.
The instruments used for the collection of evidence fell on participant and non-participant observation, which in turn ended up being translated into field notes and photographic records. In addition, two interviews with the cooperating educator and the arts teacher were also used.
The objectives of this investigation are to identify how the creative process is experienced by children, to understand how the educational environment can be organized in order to promote the creative process in the field of visual arts and, finally, to understand the role of the educator in children's creative process.
Through the information collected, it was possible to verify that the creative process is experienced in different ways, although some regularities are identified, namely, with the exploration of materials, communication, imitation, posture and time. With regard to the educational environment, some organizational possibilities were identified that proved to be promoters of creative processes, particularly: free access, that is, materials available to the child, the diversity and quality of materials. Regarding the role of the educator, the importance of observation to understand the processes and the importance of the adult being available to accompany, advise and provide various explorations is highlighte