Instituto Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida
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Psychometric evaluation of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale among Iranian population
Get PDFBackground The resilience construct is considered a personal trait composed of multiple aspects. Connor–Davidson
Resilience Scale is a standard tool composed of fve factors and 25 items. This study aimed to determine the psychometric properties of this scale.
Methods In this cross-sectional study, after the scale translation, the factorial structural validity was assessed via the
confrmatory factor analysis with 70 180 samples. Internal consistency, composite reliability, convergent validity were
assessed by calculating Cronbach’s alpha, composite reliability, maximum reliability, and Average Variance Extracted.
The discriminant validity was assessed using Heterotrait-monotrait ratio of correlations matrix and also, measure
invariance was evaluated.
Results The original fve-factor model had good model ft indices but due to low factor loading of item 2 and 20,
the model was modifed. The Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability for four factors were above 0.7 (except for
factor 5). The convergent validity for all fve factors were achieved. Between factors 1 with 2 and 4, 2 with 3 and 4
discriminant validity was not established (correlations>0.9) and the results suggested that there might be a secondorder latent construct behind these factors. Therefore, a second-order assessment was performed. The results of the
second-order latent construct assessment showed a good goodness-of ft and strong measurement invariance for both men and women.
Conclusion The 23-item version of Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale is a reliable and valid scale to measure resilience as a complex construct in the Iran contextinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Quality of life and well-being of adolescents in portuguese schools
Get PDFThe quality of the school environment is associated with greater school involvement and academic success and improved levels of well-being/quality of life. In
this sense, this study intends to explore the relationship between the quality of life
of Portuguese adolescents and school. 8215 adolescents participated in this study,
52.7% of which were female, aged between 10 and 22 years and an average age of
14.36 years (SD=2.28). The sample was collected as part of the Health Behavior
in School-aged Children (HBSC) study. The results show that girls like school,
teachers, school breaks (between classes) and classes more than boys and present
less concerns/difficulties with school. Compared to boys, they report more pressure
with the schoolwork and a better perception of safety at school. On the other hand,
boys have a better relationship with their peers and teachers, miss more classes on
purpose and report a higher perception of quality of life. An above-average QoL
is statistically and significantly related with liking school, peers, teachers, school
breaks (between classes) and classes. It is also related with feeling less pressure
with the schoolwork, a better perception of school success and of safety in the
school environment. Additionally, having an above-average QoL is statistically significantly associated with having a better relationship with peers and teachers and
less concerns/difficulties with school. This is an important message for the reorganization of schools in terms of their practices and curricula. The need to develop
strategies to promote greater identification of students with school is reinforced.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - FCTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Developing students well-being and engagement in higher education during COVID-19 - A case study of web-based learning in finland
Get PDFCOVID-19 rapidly and extensively changed the normal everyday practices of societies, and there is no going back to the past. Universities also had to adapt and re-establish their normal routines, from policies to practices. In this article, we explore university students’ experiences of web-based learning, their well-being, and engagement during the pandemic. As a theoretical framework, we use the concept of the university student engagement inventory (USEI), which includes behavioral, cognitive, and emotional dimensions. The data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic from university students (N = 35) via an online survey and analyzed using a thematic content analysis. According to the results, university students experienced well-designed and pedagogically implemented web-based learning, teaching and guidance to enhance their own learning, well-being, and engagement in their studies. This suggests that web-based solutions for academic learning are justified but need to consider a range of well-being and engagement factors. What is still needed are innovative solutions that are pedagogically justifiable and consider the digital and human dimensions sustainably.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
“It’s the God factor”: A qualitative study of Syrian Muslims’ post-war religious meaning-making
Get PDFObjective: Religious meaning-making may facilitate psychological adjustment to even the
most extreme traumatic stressors, including war and forced displacement. Yet few studies
have examined the religious meaning-making trajectories of refugees and none from an
Islamic perspective. Method: This qualitative cross-sectional study investigated Syrian
Muslims’ post-war meaning-making experiences, guided by Park’s (2010) meaning-making
model. Results: Thirty-three Syrian Muslim refugees living in Portugal were interviewed
eight years after the onset of the war. Thematic analysis was used to explore cognitive
reappraisal processes informed by Islam. Key results suggest: the recurrent nature of
meaning-making throughout refugees’ displacement trajectories; religious struggles as a key
determinant of religious meaning-making; meaning-making as dynamic trajectories with no
clear end; place of settlement as a source of meaning; and the ability of Islam to withstand
extreme challenges and provide a last-resort narrative, even for those individuals with
severely eroded beliefs. Findings highlight the need for practitioners in host countries to
incorporate faith and religious traditions in the provision of care.info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersio
Father involvement and maternal stress: The mediating role of coparenting
Get PDF: In recent years mothers have been finding themselves overwhelmed by the need to balance
work and maternal duties. Father involvement in childcare has been related to a decrease in mother’s
burden in childcare. This association is influenced by multiple aspects, such as the way parents
share parenting perspectives and views about child rearing, i.e., coparenting. Nevertheless, the
mediating role of coparenting on the association between father involvement and maternal stress
has been overlooked. This will be addressed by the current study. A total of 254 Portuguese
married/cohabiting mothers of preschool children reported on maternal stress, father involvement in
caregiving, and coparenting. Data was collected in public and private schools through questionnaires
and online through advertisements in social media. Results show that greater father involvement in
direct care was associated with greater maternal stress, but this direction changes when mediated
by cooperative coparenting. Moreover, results suggest that when mothers perceived less conflict in
coparenting, greater father (in)direct care contributed to decreased maternal stress. The current study
supports the notion that fathers involvement and parent’s cooperation account to mothers’ wellbeing,
which will improve family dynamics.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - FCTinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Perceção dos profissionais sobre a perceção que as pessoas com Artrite Reumatóide têm acerca desta doença
Get PDFEste trabalho tem como objetivo principal identificar pontos chave de
comunicação entre profissionais e doentes com Artrite Reumatóide
(AR), na ótica da literacia em saúde e da sua aplicação funcional,
interativa e crítica.
Neste sentido, pretende-se com este estudo, valorizar a aplicação da
Literacia em Saúde no contexto das doenças reumáticas – de acordo com
o modelo integrado e inclusivo de Sørensen (2018) e European Health
Literacy Consortium (WHO, 2013) – e identificar boas práticas no
âmbito da informação, sensibilização, prevenção da Artrite Reumatóide
(AR) e promoção da saúde e bem-estar dos(as) doentes reumáticos.
Para tal, estabeleceram-se os seguintes objetivos específicos:
– Caracterizar as perceções individuais dos(as) doentes sobre a Artrite
Reumatóide (AR);
– Caracterizar a interpretação que os profissionais de saúde têm sobre a
perceção que os(as) doentes com AR têm da sua doença;
– Analisar os aspetos convergentes entre aquelas que são as perceções
dos(as) doentes acerca da AR e a interpretação dos profissionais de
saúde, do ponto de vista da análise e descodificação da informação
sobre esta doença;
– Analisar os aspetos divergentes entre aquelas que são as perceções
dos(as) doentes acerca da AR e a interpretação dos profissionais de
saúde, do ponto de vista da análise e descodificação da informação
sobre esta doença;
– Identificar estratégias de comunicação dos profissionais com as pessoas
com AR, de modo a potenciar o acesso, compreensão, interpretação e
avaliação da informação sobre a AR.
Com base nos resultados do estudo, poderemos considerar novas áreas de
investigação neste domínio, avançando, futuramente, para uma análise
exploratória e orientada para a deteção de técnicas e ferramentas passíveis de ser aplicadas, com vista a melhorar o nível de literacia em saúde
dos(as) doentes com AR – através da sua capacitação (conhecimento,
confiança, autogestão e autoeficácia da doença), bem como, paralelamente, identificar estratégias de melhoria dos processos de informação,
de comunicação e relação profissional-doente, dos resultados de saúde e
consequente otimização de recursos, de modo a contribuir para o
aumento do nível de literacia em saúde dos profissionais de saúde,
produzindo ganhos evidentes para todo o sistema de saúde.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
The association between interparental conflict and externalizing behaviour problems in adolescence: A systematic review
Get PDFDissertação de Mestrado realizada sob a orientação do Professor Doutor Miguel Basto-Pereira, apresentada no Ispa - Instituto Universitário para obtenção do grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.O impacto do conflito interparental no desenvolvimento infantil tem um longo historial de
investigação científica. No entanto, algumas questões sobre a consistência e longevidade desta
associação ainda não têm uma resposta clara, particularmente sobre a associação com
problemas comportamentais. Esta revisão sistemática de estudos longitudinais prospetivos
tem como objetivo principal analisar a associação entre a exposição a conflito interparental na
infância em comportamentos externalizantes durante a adolescência. Também visa esclarecer
se diferentes formas de conflito têm um impacto diferencial nesta associação. Nesta revisão
foram considerados conflitos interparentais ou conjugais, e como outcome, foram
considerados comportamentos externalizantes, comportamentos antisociais, delinquência e
ofensas criminais. Foram incluídos onze estudos. A nossa síntese de resultados sugere uma
relação positiva entre o conflito interparental e comportamentos externalizantes durante a
adolescência, contudo, não existem estudos suficientes para permitir conclusões mais
aprofundadas acerca do impacto do tipo de conflito e do género da criança nesta associação.
Estudos futuros devem ter como objetivo aprofundar estas questões de investigação.ABSTRACT: The impact of interparental conflict on children’s adjustment has long been researched.
However, some questions are still left unanswered about the consistency and longevity of this
association, specifically on behavioural problems. This systematic review of prospective
longitudinal studies has, as a main goal, to analyse the association between the exposure to
interparental conflict during childhood on adolescent externalizing behaviours. It also aims to
clarify whether different forms of conflict have a different influence on this association.
Interparental or marital conflict were considered, and, as outcome, externalizing behaviours,
antisocial behaviour, delinquency, and offending were included in the search. The final
dataset consisted in a pool of eleven studies. The results showed a positive association
between IPC and externalizing behaviours, but there were not enough studies to draw
conclusions about the impact of different forms of conflict and children’s gender on the
association. Future research should aim to clarify these findings
Como dois tipos de liderança opostos se complementam ao se deparar com uma equipa desobediente e disruptiva
No full textDissertação de Mestrado realizada sob orientação de Professor Doutor Pedro Marques-Quinteiro, apresentada no Ispa – Instituto Universitário para a obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Social e das Organizações.Questão de investigação: Será a liderança transacional ou/e a transformacional o
melhor tipo de liderança para transformar uma equipa com comportamentos desviantes
(que prejudicam a eficácia), numa equipa de alta performance?
Porquê este filme: O filme Coach Carter é reconhecido por diferentes autores como um
filme com traços de uma ótima execução de liderança, desempenhada pelo treinador
Carter versos a sua equipa de alunos delinquentes e rebeldes. Sendo também referido
por diversos autores que estas práticas de liderança, eram práticas de uma liderança
transformacional, e foi deste modo alterar uma equipa de fraco desempenho e ranking,
para uma equipa de elite, com um ranking perto do primeiro lugar. Nesta dissertação,
pretende-se demonstrar que esta mudança tão drástica de comportamentos na realidade
proveio de uma liderança transacional aliada com uma liderança transformacional, e
sem estas duas vertentes, a equipa não teria o futuro positivo que teve. Outro motivo
importante para a escolha deste filme é o facto de ser apresentada como uma história
verídica, onde o filme transparece os acontecimentos na realidade, o que reforça a
validade ecológica do estudo a ser realizado.
O que se vai estudar: De modo a averiguar se a liderança transacional ou/e
transformacional é o melhor tipo de liderança para transformar equipas disruptivas e
desobedientes em equipas funcionais de alto desempenho, será necessário validar se os
comportamentos de liderança de Carter foram todos de liderança
transacional/transformacional ou se ouve outro tipo de liderança ao longo do filme que
demonstre que tenha sido mais significativa para a transformação da equipa.
Ao analisar todo o filme e validar estes tipos de liderança tal como os comportamentos
específicos nas diversas cenas dos jovens da equipa, vai ser necessário comprovar através desta análise que este tipo de liderança (transacional ou/e transformacional)
transformou os jogadores disruptivos em atletas de alta performance e demonstrar o
motivo por detrás desta ocorrência. Ao averiguar as questões de investigação de estudo
e analisar as cenas com maior importância para a mudança da equipa e o seu tipo de
liderança, irei procurar responder à questão de investigação.ABSTRACT: Research question: Is transactional or/and transformational leadership the best type of
leadership to transform a team with deviant behaviors (which undermine effectiveness)
into a high-performance team?
Why this film: The film Coach Carter is recognized by many authors as a film with
traces a great execution of leadership by Coach Carter, verses his team of delinquent
and rebellious students. It was also mentioned by several authors that these leadership
practices were transformational leadership practices, and it was this way to change a
team with poor performance and ranking, to an elite team, with a ranking close to the
first place. In this dissertation, we intend to demonstrate that this drastic change in
behavior actually came from a transactional leadership combined with a
transformational leadership, and without these two aspects, the team would not have the
positive future it had. Another important reason for choosing this film is the fact that it
is presented as a true story, which reinforces the ecological validity of the study to be
carried out.
What will be studied: In order to determine whether transactional or/and
transformational leadership is the best type of leadership to transform disruptive and
disobedient teams into high-performing functional teams, it will be necessary to validate
whether Carter's leadership behaviors were all of transactional/transformational
leadership or it would appear another type of leadership throughout the film that
demonstrates that it has been more significant for the transformation of the team.
By analyzing the entire film and validating this type of leadership as well as the specific
behaviors in the different scenes that are important for the behavior of the team, it will be necessary to prove through this analysis that this type of leadership (transactional
or/and transformational) has transformed disruptive players in high performance
athletes. By investigating the answers to these questions and analyzing the most
important scenes for the team's change and its type of leadership, I will try to answer the
research question
As práticas dos professores promotoras de bem-estar: o olhar do aluno
Get PDFDissertação de Mestrado realizada sob
orientação de Professor Doutor José Castro
Silva, apresentada no Ispa – Instituto
Universitário para a obtenção de grau
de Mestre na especialidade de
Psicologia da Educação.O interesse pelo estudo do bem-estar das crianças e jovens em Portugal tem vindo a
aumentar, uma vez que a prevalência e manifestação de perturbações mentais merece uma
preocupação crescente. A escola tem vindo a ser destacada como um contexto promotor de
bem-estar, na medida em que os alunos passam grande parte do seu tempo neste meio. Em
particular, os professores têm sido apontados com agentes promotores do seu bem-estar. Assim
sendo, as práticas dos professores podem exercer um grande impacto nos alunos, sendo
importante compreender qual a sua perceção relativamente a essas práticas e à forma como
estas os afetam relativamente ao seu bem-estar académico e enquanto indivíduos, sendo este o
principal objetivo do estudo. No presente estudo, contou-se com a participação de 148 alunos
do 3º ciclo do Ensino Básico, de escolas públicas, com idades compreendidas entre os 12 e 18
anos. Os participantes responderam a um questionário, constituído por três escalas: Perceção
das Práticas dos Professores, PERMA e Student Subjective Wellbeing Questionnaire. A
metodologia incluiu técnicas de análise confirmatória dos três instrumentos, e testes de
inferência estatística para examinar as respostas dadas pelos participantes sobre a frequência
das práticas dos professores e do bem-estar. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo revelaram que
as práticas dos professores, nomeadamente o Relacionamento com os Alunos enquanto
Indivíduos e Ser Responsivo às Necessidades Académicas dos Alunos, são variáveis preditoras
do bem-estar académico e global dos alunos. Para além disto, as variáveis género e ano de
escolaridade demonstraram diferenças significativas em relação ao bem-estar global dos alunos.
Concluiu-se também que o bem-estar académico influencia o bem-estar global, bem como as
práticas dos professores influenciam o bem-estar académico.ABSTRACT: Interest in the study of child and youth well-being and young people in Portugal has been
increasing, as the prevalence and manifestation of mental of mental disorders is of growing
concern. The school has been highlighted as a context that promotes well-being, as students
spend a large part of their time in this environment. In particular, teachers have been identified
as agents that promote their well-being. Therefore, teachers' practices can have a great impact
on students, and it is important to understand their perception of these practices and how they
affect them in both their individual and academic well-being, which is the main objective of the
study. In the present study, 148 students from the 3rd cycle of Basic Education, from public
schools, aged between 12 and 18 years, participated. The participants answered a questionnaire,
consisting of three instruments: Perception of Teacher Practices, PERMA and Student
Subjective Wellbeing Questionnaire. The methodology included confirmatory analysis
techniques of the three instruments, and statistical inference tests to examine the answers given
by the participants about the frequency of teacher practices, and well-being. The results
obtained in this study revealed that teacher practices, namely Relating to Students as Individuals
and Being Responsive to Students' Academic Needs, are predictors of students' academic and
overall well-being. In addition, the variables gender and year of school showed significant
differences regarding the overall well-being of students. It was also concluded that academic
well-being influences global well-being, as well as teacher practices influence academic well-being
Juntos somos melhores? Estudo diádico em casais com obesidade
No full textDissertação de Mestrado realizada sob a orientação
de Professora Doutora Filipa Pimenta, apresentada
no Ispa – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de
grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia
Clínica.Introdução: A Obesidade é uma das doenças mais graves na atualidade, com implicações a
diversos níveis, especialmente na qualidade de vida. De acordo com a literatura, indivíduos que
coabitam, especialmente sendo um casal, têm tendência a ter os mesmos hábitos e
comportamentos, sendo então de grande importância o estudo do casal. O objetivo deste estudo
é compreender se o ajustamento diádico (consenso, satisfação e coesão) prediz o coping diádico
na gestão da obesidade no casal. Método: A amostra é constituída por 30 casais (60
participantes), com idade média de 42,6 anos (DP=11,44), numa relação e tempo de coabitação
de, pelo menos, 1 ano, onde um dos membros do casal tem de apresentar obesidade. Os
instrumentos utilizados neste estudo foram: Questionário Sociodemográfico; Escala de
Ajustamento Diádico; Escalas de Coping Diádico. Resultados: Depois de feita uma análise
diádica, foi possível perceber que o Ajustamento Diádico (coesão e satisfação) prediz o Coping
Diádico no efeito ator, ou seja, do homem para ele mesmo, e da mulher para ela mesma. Já o
Consenso não prediz a gestão da obesidade no casal. Relativamente ao número de tentativas de
peso malsucedidas, é possível afirmar que prediz o Coping Diádico no efeito ator. Conclusão:
É de salientar a importância de diversificar e aumentar estudos relativamente à obesidade no
casal, de forma a compreender qual a melhor maneira de combater o excesso de peso e de
existirem mudanças de hábitos e comportamentos de saúde, bem como de promover o apoio
dos membros da díade um ao outro.ABSTRACT: Introduction: Obesity is one of the most severe diseases nowadays, with implications at
different levels, especially in the quality of life. According to the literature, individuals who
live together, especially as a couple, tend to have the same habits and behaviors, and, therefore,
it is crucial to study the couple. This study aims to understand if dyadic adjustment predicts
dyadic coping in couple obesity management. Method: The sample consists of 30 couples (60
participants), with an average age of 42,6 years, in a relationship and cohabitation time of at
least one year, where one of the couple’s members must present obesity. The instruments used
in this study were: Sociodemographic Questionnaire; Dyadic Adjustment Scale; Dyadic Coping
Scales. Results: After a dyadic analysis, it was possible to perceive that Dyadic Adjustment
(cohesion and satisfaction) predicts Dyadic Coping in the Actor Effect, that is, the man to
himself, and the woman to herself. The consensus, however, does not predict the management
of obesity in the couple. Regarding the number of unsuccessful weight attempts, it is possible
to state that it predicts Dyadic Coping in the Actor Effect. Conclusion: It is essential to
highlight the importance of deepening studies on obesity in couples to understand the best way
to combat excess weight and change habits, as well as to promote the support of members of
the dyad to one another