Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa
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Children's understanding of length measurement using a ruler in preschool and primary education: a cross-national longitudinal study
No full textMeasuring length is a practice of everyday life and a mathematical principle shared across cultures. A cross-national and longitudinal study was designed to analyse the evolution of the strategies used by Spanish and Portuguese preschoolers and 1st graders when measuring length. The instruments were rulers designed to discriminate between the strategies demonstrated by young children in previous research, taking as variables the number of correct measurements and the strategy used to measure, and country as a covariate. Neither country nor age influenced correct measurements while the ruler used affected the strategy developed by the children. No significant differences were found in the strategies used from preschool to 1st grade, except for the ruler with numbered units and marks. Considering the sequence of sophistication of the strategies, our results reinforce the scaffolding role of discrete units for the understanding of length measurement towards the use of the standard ruler.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
José Carlos Barros: em terra de gigantes e dragões voadores
No full textCatálogo da exposição patente no Espaço Artes do Politécnico de Lisboa, de 25 de janeiro a 24 de fevereiro de 2023info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Sexually transmitted infections and health literacy: a community-based preventive program
Get PDFBackground: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a public health problem with a high risk of morbidity and community transmissibility. Evidence points to their continuous increase. This study describes the design, development, and implementation of a community-based STI prevention program for community healthcare users. Methods: Based on the Health Planning Process design method, a structured, community-based intervention program on STI counseling and detection was conducted in a primary health care unit in Lisbon. Two data collection instruments were applied in the diagnosis of the situation, namely the Health Literacy Survey Portugal (ILS-PT) and the STD Attitude Scale, to 47 patients who attended the health consultation on STI counseling and detection in a primary care unit in Lisbon. Two interventions were implemented, the health education session and the provision of an educational poster. In the evaluation of the project, the acceptance and satisfaction of the patients with the implemented interventions were considered outcome indicators. A descriptive statistical analysis of the data was performed. Results: The participants show considerably low levels of health literacy and high-risk behaviors for acquiring STIs. After an intervention, a high percentage of the participants point out the project as exciting and valuable and reveal having acquired knowledge that allowed them to improve their health. Furthermore, the patients were very satisfied with the implemented health education session and the educational poster. Conclusion: This project revealed the urgent and important need to implement community intervention projects to prevent STIs and promote health literacy among the most vulnerable groups.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
A relação entre a composição do órgão de administração e a divulgação da responsabilidade social empresarial, no setor consumer staples, no período de 2016 a 2020
Get PDFMestrado em Gestão e EmpreendedorismoNum mundo excessivamente globalizado e competitivo, os stakeholderstêm valorizado cada vez mais a forma de atuação das organizações.
O tema da responsabilidade social empresarial surge como sendo um elemento diferenciador, pois os stakeholders dão mais importância a organizações que desenvolvam soluções ambientalmente e socialmente responsáveis, bem como a organizações que procedam à divulgação voluntária dessa informação.
Contudo, de acordo com as teorias vigentes, é necessário ter em conta que existem fatores que podem influenciar a sua divulgação, como é o caso da composição do órgão de administração e consequentemente, a sua estrutura, dimensão e diversidade de género.
A presente dissertação pretende investigar que relação existe entre a composição do órgão de administração e a divulgação da responsabilidade social empresarial, relativamente às empresas que comercializam bens essenciais (Consumer Staples), no período de tempo compreendido entre 2016 e 2020.
A metodologia de cariz quantitativa passa, primeiramente, por uma análise descritiva, seguindo uma análise de correlação e terminando nos modelos de regressão com dados em painel. Os resultados obtidos permitem evidenciar que para todos os scores (social, ambiental e de governo das sociedades) o nível de divulgação médio é de aproximadamente 50%. Por último, foi possível concluir que existe uma relação positiva entre a independência do órgão de administração e o nível de divulgação de informação relacionado com a
responsabilidade social, bem como entre a diversidade de género no órgão de administração e a referida divulgação.In an overly globalized and competitive world, stakeholders have increasingly valued the way organizations operate.
The theme of corporate social responsibility emerges as a differentiating element because stakeholders give more importance to organizations that develop environmentally and socially responsible solutions, as well as to organizations that voluntary disclosure such information.
However, it is necessary to take into account that there are factors that can influence its disclosure, such as the board of directors and, consequently, its structure, size and gender diversity.
This dissertation aims to investigate the relationship between the composition of the board of directors and the disclosure of corporate social responsibility in the consumer staples industry, between 2016 and 2020.
The methodology of a quantitative nature passes, first, through a descriptive analysis, followed by a correlation analysis and ending with regression models with panel data. The results obtained show that for all scores (social, environmental and corporate governance) the average disclosure level is approximately 50%. Finally, it was possible to conclude that there is a positive relationship between board independence and the level of disclosure of information related to social responsibility, as well as between board gender diversity and
said disclosure.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
O Koha em Portugal: resultados do inquérito nacional realizado em 2023
Get PDF2.º Encontro da Comunidade Koha Portugal 2023 realizado nos dias 28 e 29 de novembro de 2023 na Universidade do MinhoO sistema de gestão de bibliotecas Koha está amplamente implementado em Portugal. Para averiguar a experiência no uso deste sistema, pelos seus utilizadores, foi elaborado um inquérito por questionário online da autoria do Grupo de Trabalho da Comunidade Koha em Portugal.N/
Hipertrofia ventricular: um desafio multidisciplinar
Get PDFA hipertrofia ventricular (HV) é uma manifestação cardíaca presente em inúmeras patologias, sendo que a Cardiopatia Hipertensiva, a Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica (CMH), a Amiloidose e a Doença de Fabry são as mais comuns. O seu diagnóstico torna-se desafiante, por isso a presença de um trabalho multidisciplinar é essencial. Através de uma análise comparativa com recurso ao ecocardiograma transtorácico, observa-se que determinadas estruturas cardíacas apresentam características semelhantes, no entanto existem certas particularidades que podem auxiliar no diagnóstico. O recurso ao strain pode complementar esta análise. Relativamente ao eletrocardiograma, o padrão de baixa voltagem e a progressão tardia do QRS são comuns na amiloidose. Na cardiopatia hipertensiva, alterações de sobrecarga do ventrículo esquerdo estão presentes, porém, sem índices tão elevados como na CMH e na doença de Fabry. Com exceção da Cardiopatia Hipertensiva, em que a HV surge devido a alterações mecânicas, nas restantes deriva maioritariamente, da presença de mutações em diferentes genes. Manifestações extracardíacas são evidentes em todas. Por fim, destacar que certas adaptações fisiológicas também podem levar a HV. Daí a importância da anamnese, do trabalho multidisciplinar e de outros possíveis exames complementares de diagnóstico.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Alternative sérum biomarkers of bacteraemia for intensive care unit patients
No full textThe diagnosis of infections in hospital or clinical settings usually involves a series of time-consuming steps, including biological sample collection, culture growth of the organism isolation and subsequent characterization. For this, there are diverse infection biomarkers based on blood analysis, however, these are of limited use in patients presenting confound processes as inflammatory process as occurring at intensive care units. In this preliminary study, the application of serum analysis by FTIR spectroscopy, to predict bacteraemia in 102 critically ill patients in an ICU was evaluated. It was analysed the effect of spectra pre-processing methods and spectral sub-regions on t-distributed stochastic neighbour embedding. By optimizing Support Vector Machine (SVM) models, based on normalised second derivative spectra of a smaller subregion, it was possible to achieve a good bacteraemia predictive model with a sensitivity and specificity of 76%. Since FTIR spectra of serum is acquired in a simple, economic and rapid mode, the technique presents the potential to be a cost-effective methodology of bacteraemia identification, with special relevance in critically ill patients, where a rapid infection diagnostic will allow to avoid the unnecessary use of antibiotics, which ultimately will ease the load on already fragile patients' metabolism.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Profiling European consumers that engage in boycotting
Get PDFArtigo baseado na comunicação proferida no 24th European Conference on Knowledge Management (ECKM 2023), ISCTE – Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, 07-08 setembro 2023Boycott involves abstention from buying specific products or brands for political, ethical, or ecological reasons. Boycott is usually framed as an expression of political consumerism and has been on the rise. Companies that suffer a boycott may endure severe consequences including long-term damaged brand image and harmed reputation. However, there is still an incomplete picture of the socio-political and demographic profile of boycotters. Most characterizations of political consumers are based on research that combines boycotters and buycotters under a single construct of political consumers, and yet these consumers are driven by different motivations. The objective of this exploratory study is to provide a general characterization of European political consumers that engage in boycotting. The data used was collected between the 25th of May, 2022 and the18th of September, 2022, and was retrieved from the 10th edition (2022) of the European Social Survey. The study employs binary logistic regression to assess the association between boycotting and various potential factors listed in extant literature. Results indicate that boycotting behaviour is affected by age and other life-cycle variables, gender, education, institutional trust, the degree of satisfaction with the political system and the government, the level of trust in information and communication technology, reported self-happiness and self-general health perceptions. In general, the parameters of the models suggest that European consumers that engage in boycotting behaviour tend to be female, young, well-educated, trust on national political institutions and make intensive use of digital media. The conclusions of the empirical study are discussed and interpreted in light of current theories of consumer behaviour that highlight the post-modern, fragmented and globalized characteristics of current western societies. The results of this study enrich the literature on consumer boycotts and confirm the predicting power of various socio-demographic, psychological and attitudinal variables. Avenues for future research are identified together with consideration of the study limitations.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Review on laser shock peening Effect on fatigue of power bed fusion materials
No full textThe ability to manufacture parts with complex geometry by sending a model from CAD directly to the manufacturing machine has attracted much attention in the industry, driving the development of additive manufacturing technology. However, studies have shown that components manufactured using additive manufacturing technology have several problems, namely high tensile residual stresses, cracks, and voids, which are known to have a major impact on material performance (in service). Therefore, various post-treatment methods have been developed to address these drawbacks. Among the post-treatment techniques, laser shock peening (LSP) is currently considered one of the most efficient post-treatment technologies for improving the mechanical properties of materials. In practice, LSP is responsible for eliminating unfavorable tensile residual stresses and generating compressive residual stresses (CRS), which result in higher resistance to crack initiation and propagation, thus increasing component life. However, since CRS depends on many parameters, the optimization of LSP parameters remains a challenge. In this paper, a general overview of AM and LSP technology is first provided. It then describes which parameters have a greater influence during powder bed melting and LSP processing and how they affect the microstructure and mechanical properties of the material. Experimental, numerical, and analytical optimization approaches are also presented, and their results are discussed. Finally, a performance evaluation of the LSP technique in powder bed melting of metallic materials is presented. It is expected that the analysis presented in this review will stimulate further studies on the optimization of parameters via experimental, numerical, and perhaps analytical approaches that have not been well studied so far
A software for research and education in ductile damage
No full textThis paper gives insight into the development and utilization of a computer software that uses raw experimental data from the load cells and DIC systems to obtain the instant of time at fracture tf, the loading paths in principal strain space & epsilon;1 = f(& epsilon;2), and their conversion into the space of effective strain vs. stress triaxiality & epsilon; = f (& eta;). Special emphasis is given to the different assumptions and stress triaxiality measures that can be used to convert the loading paths from principal strain space into the space of effective strain vs. stress triaxiality. Results for double-action radial extrusion show the differences of treating the loading paths as linear or non-linear from beginning until the onset of failure by fracture. Results also allow concluding on the importance of accounting for the stress triaxiality derived from individual experimental measurements in an average sense over the entire loading paths, to avoid overestimation and mislocation of the fracture forming limits. The applicability of the software for education and training of students in formability is also discussed