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La competencia digital en Educación Ambiental: potencialidades de las nuevas tecnologías en el ultrapasar de la dicotomía entre corriente naturalista y resolutiva.
No full textLa Educación Ambiental (EA) surgió a mediados de la década de los sesenta delsiglo xx, aunque, históricamente, el término había sido utilizado anteriormente yexistían incluso referencias anteriores a su práctica. Palmer (1998), por ejemplo,refiere que la designación de Eútcacion Ambiental fue utilizada por primera vezen 1948 en una conferencia de la Unión parala Conservación de la Naturalezarealizada en París y que Patrick Geddes (1854-1933) fue un profesor escocés pio-nero en la inserción de temáticas ambientales en su prâctica educativa. Pero, sinnegar todavía otras iniciativas que a nivel mundial se pueden incluir en el contextode la Educación Ambiental, fue en la década referida cuando la articulación entrelas cuestiones del medioambiente y la educación se intensificó, fruto del crecienteimpacto negativo del ser humano en los ecosistemas, traducido por la continuabúsqueda de recursos naturales, el crecimiento de la población y las actividadesproductivas que modifican la calidad del aire, el agua y el suelo.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Da área ao volume: quando a intuição nos desafia
Full text linkEste artigo é uma espécie de sequela do artigo Valorizar o raciocínio espacial no ensino e na aprendizagem da Geometria (e não só), publicado na EM 155. Nesse artigo, discuti o conceito raciocínio espacial recorrendo a várias resoluções do problema Frascos de perfume, também publicado no mesmo número, na secção Materiais para a aula de matemática. Retomo o mesmo problema neste artigo, concentrando-me, desta vez,
num aspeto diferente – a relação entre a área e o volume e o papel da intuição na compreensão desta relação.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
A self‐comfort oriented pattern of regulatory behavior and avoidant attachment are more likely among infants born moderate‐to‐late preterm
No full textInfants born preterm (<37 gestational weeks, GW) are at increased risk for regulatory difficulties and insecure attachment. However, the association between infants' regulatory behavior patterns and their later attachment organization is understudied in the preterm population. We addressed this gap by utilizing a Portuguese sample of 202 mother-infant dyads. Specifically, we compared the regulatory behavior patterns of 74 infants born moderate-to-late preterm (MLPT, 32-36 GW) to those of 128 infants born full-term (FT, 37-42 GW) and evaluated the associations of these regulatory patterns with later attachment. Infants' regulatory behavior patterns (Social-Positive Oriented, Distressed-Inconsolable, or Self-Comfort Oriented) were evaluated in the Face-to-Face-Still-Face paradigm at 3 months, and their attachment organization (secure, insecure-avoidant, or insecure-ambivalent) was evaluated in the Strange Situation at 12 months corrected age. In both samples, the Social-Positive-Oriented regulatory pattern was associated with secure attachment; the Distressed-Inconsolable pattern with insecure-ambivalent attachment; and the Self-Comfort-Oriented pattern with insecure-avoidant attachment. However, compared to FT infants, infants born MLPT were more likely to exhibit a Self-Comfort-Oriented pattern and avoidant attachment. Most perinatal and demographic variables were not related to infant outcomes. However, infants with a higher 1-min Apgar were more likely to exhibit the Social-Positive-Oriented regulatory pattern and secure attachment.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Correlates of children's physical activity during the COVID-19 confinement in Portugal
No full textObjectives: The aim of the study was to understand the role of household variables on the percentage of
physical activity (%PA) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) confinement in Portugal.
Study design: A cross-sectional study design using an anonymous online survey was launched to assess
how Portuguese families with children aged younger than 13 years adjusted their daily routines to the
confinement.
Methods: Separate analyses of variance were performed to investigate how factors such as the number of
children, age, sex, the housing characteristics, and the adults' job situation can affect the percentage of
time for PA (%PA).
Results: Findings, based on data from 2159 children, indicate that (1) boys and girls did not differ in the
%PA on any of the age-groups; (2) children with an outdoor space and who had other children in the
household were significantly more active (P < .001); (3) children from families with all adults working
from home showed lower levels of %PA; and (4) being younger, having a big outdoor space, having
other children in the household, and having at least one adult free from working from home were
significant positive predictors of children's %PA, explaining 21% of the overall variance.
Conclusion: Time allocated for PA during this period is reduced compared with what is usually reported
on normal days. It is necessary to find strategies to increase children's PA, especially in families in which
both parents are working and have no outdoor space.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Myths in myopia epidemiology and treatment
No full textPracticing evidence-based medicine requires constant effort to acquire, assess, and implement new knowledge that improves our care. Since 2013, more than 1000 publications per year have discussed myopia,1 many challenging existing medical beliefs. As in other areas of medicine, ophthalmologists are expected to translate new knowledge into their clinical practice as well as manage their demanding clinical schedule. However, practicing clinicians, including ophthalmologists, are sometimes slow to discard medical myths contradicted by available evidence. This is especially true in fields with rapidly evolving research, such as myopia. The goal of this viewpoint is to highlight examples of common beliefs about myopia epidemiology and control that are not evidence-based and to consider corrective educational strategies.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Impact of lymphedema on foot-health-related quality of life: a case-control investigation
No full textObjective: To evaluate the foot-health-related quality of life in individuals with versus without lower-limb lymphedema. Methods: A case-control study was carried out in an academic clinic in Lisbon, Portugal. Eighty participants (40 controls and 40 with lymphedema) were included in the study. The researchers examined sociodemographic and clinical data and foot-health-related quality of life in both groups. In the group with lymphedema, lower-limb lymphedema was also characterized. Results: Individuals with lower-limb lymphedema had significantly lower scores on all dimensions of the Foot Health Status Questionnaire in comparison with the control group. Conclusions: Individuals with lower-limb lymphedema appear to have a poorer foot-health-related quality of life than the general population.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Prevalence of anisometropia and its associated factors in school-age children
No full textShahroud School Children Eye Cohort Study is funded by the Noor Ophthalmology Research Center and Shahroud University of Medical Sciences [Grant Number: 960351].Purpose: To determine the prevalence of anisometropia and the associated demographic and biometric risk factors in children. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the elementary school children of Shahroud, east of Iran, in 2015. All rural students were recruited, while multistage cluster sampling was used to select the students in urban areas. All children underwent optometric examinations including the measurement of uncorrected and corrected visual acuity, autorefraction, and subjective refraction with cycloplegia. Biometric components were measured using the Allegro Biograph. Myopia and hyperopia were defined as a spherical equivalent ≤-0.5 and ≥ +2.00 diopter, respectively. Students with a history of ocular trauma or lack of cycloplegic refraction at least in one eye were excluded from the study. Results: Of 6624 selected children, 5620 participated in the study. After applying the exclusion criteria, the data of 5357 students (boys: 52.8%, n = 2834) were analyzed. The mean age of the subjects was 9.2 ± 1.7 years (range: 6-12 years). The prevalence of anisometropia ≥ 1 D was 1.1% (95% CI: 0.8 to 1.4) in all children, 1.0% (95% CI: 0.7-1.3) in boys, 1.3% (95% CI: 0.8-1.7) in girls, 1.1% (95% CI: 0.8-1.4) in urban children, and 1.4% (95% CI: 0.5-2.3) in rural children. The prevalence of anisometropia was 8.8% (95% CI: 5.3-12.2) in myopic and 5.7% (95% CI: 2.8-8.5) in hyperopic children. Axial length asymmetry (OR = 40.9; 95%CI: 10.2-164.1), myopia (OR = 17.9; 95% CI: 9.4-33.9), and hyperopia (OR = 10.1; 95% CI: (5.1-19.7) were associated with anisometropia in multiple logistic regression model. More anisometropia was associated with more severe amblyopia. The odds of amblyopia (OR = 82.3: 38.2-177-3) and strabismus (OR = 17.6: 5.5-56.4) were significantly higher in anisometropic children. The prevalence of amblyopia was 21.7% in children with myopic anisometropia ≥ 3D, 66.7% in children with hyperopic anisometropia ≥ 3D, and 100% in cases with antimetropia ≥ 3D. Conclusion: The prevalence of anisometropia was low in Iranian schoolchildren. However, a high percentage of anisometropic students had amblyopia and strabismus. Axial length was the most important biometric component associated with anisometropia.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Spatial and multivariate statistics in assessing water quality in the North Sea
No full textThe Southern North Sea region plays a vital role in both the economy and society of the surrounding countries. Analyzing the quality of your water is a critical process that involves an assessment of physical, chemical, and biological parameters, essential to guarantee environmental sustainability and the health of local communities and marine ecosystems. Using Multivariate and Spatial Statistics methods, this study seeks to identify spatial patterns and autocorrelations to assess water quality in that region. The data set used was taken on a scientific cruise carried out in December 2020 aboard the RV Meteor vessel, led by a team of German researchers. The raw data went through pretreatment guided by the Data Quality Control protocol of SeaDataNet, an international oceanography project aimed at making European maritime data available. Spike and gradient tests were performed, in addition to data standardization and imputation through inverse distance weighting interpolation. For a better understanding of the scientific area, the data were aggregated by zones for certain analyses and were sometimes considered globally. An exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) was carried out to summarize its main characteristics. A reduction in the dimensionality of the original data was carried out through principal component analysis as an auxiliary tool for spatial analysis. The Spatial autocorrelation is analyzed by calculating global and local Moran’s I Statistics. The outcomes indicate a significant spatial autocorrelation for all variables considered in the freshwater areas and a notable range flattening of the variables in the open sea areas, which possibly caused the lack of significant spatial autocorrelation in those areas.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Ultrathin DSAEK versus DMEK: review of systematic reviews
No full textThe efficacy and safety of Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) and ultrathin Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (UT-DSAEK) have been recently compared in several systematic reviews (SRs). This study aimed to assess the evidence quality of such SRs, to obtain a scientifically rigorous comparison between the two techniques. We performed a systematic review of SRs and meta-analyses comparing the efficacy and safety between UT-DSAEK and DMEK up to 24th March 2023, using 3 electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar) plus manual reference search. Specific outcomes analyzed included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), endothelial cell density (ECD), rebubbling rate, and other postoperative complications. Of 90 titles/abstracts screened, four SRs met the inclusion criteria. All SRs adequately analyzed potential bias of the included studies. One SR raised concern for potential literature search bias and two SRs have heterogeneity in some outcomes analyzed. All SRs found higher BCVA after DMEK, but one SR reported significant heterogeneity. All SRs found significant heterogeneity in ECD analysis, with one SR providing inconsistent analysis of this outcome. Three SRs analyzed rebubbling rates, favoring UT-DSAEK over DMEK. Three SRs concluded a higher overall complication rate after DMEK, although rebubbling may be a confounding factor. This systematic review clarifies the strengths and weaknesses of published SRs and reinforces the conclusion that DMEK leads to superior visual outcomes compared to UT-DSAEK, with the trade-off of higher rebubbling rates and possibly other postoperative complications. Studies with longer follow-up are needed to ascertain these differences between procedures.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Avaliação da composição e bioatividade de algas comestíveis comercializadas em Portugal
No full textAs macroalgas são importantes recursos marinhos utilizadas na produção de alimentos e fármacos devido aos seus nutrientes e compostos com propriedades benéficas para a saúde, incluindo atividades anti-oxidante, anti-inflamatória, antibacteriana, anticoagulante e antitumoral. Contudo, esses organismos possuem capacidade de biorremediação por processos de bioabsorção e bioacumulação, retendo nas suas células compostos tóxicos presentes no meio de cultura, que representam um risco para a saúde do consumidor, invalidando os benefícios previamente identificados. Neste estudo foram selecionadas cinco algas comestíveis adquiridas em locais de venda ao público de bens alimentares em Portugal: Undaria pinnatifida (wakame da China e do Japão), Laminaria spp. (kombu da Coreia do Sul e do Japão), e Porphyra spp. (nori da China). A composição elementar foi avaliada por fluorescência de raios X de energia dispersiva obtendose teores de K, S, Cl, Ca, Fe, Zn, Br, As, Sr, Cu, P, Si, I e Ni. Os compostos bioativos foram extraídos por três métodos: autoclave (água, 121 ºC, 30 minutos), multi-etapas (água fria, água em ebulição, condições alcalinas e ácidas) e micro-ondas (água, KOH, 120 ºC, 30 minutos). Foram quantificados lípidos, carbohidratos, proteínas, compostos fenólicos, flavonoides e pigmentos através de espectroscopia UV-Vis. A atividade anti-oxidante, antibacteriana e o efeito citotóxico dos extratos foram avaliados através de ensaios in vitro e e a identificação e caracterização parcial dos compostos presentes foram efetuadas por FTIR. Este trabalho revelou a presença de macro e micronutrientes essenciais, bem como de elementos tóxicos (Sr, Br e As), comprometendo a qualidade e segurança destes alimentos. Contudo, os extratos exibiram atividades antioxidante, antibacteriana e baixa citotoxicidade, demonstrando potencial como alimentos funcionais e aplicação nas indústrias alimentar e biofarmacêutica, desde que desenvolvidas em condições controladas. Assim, para as macroalgas serem resposta às necessidades de soluções sustentáveis e inovadoras para a saúde humana, estas exigem estudos aprofundados da sua composição e propriedades.Abstract
Macroalgae have been valued for a long time for their role in the production of food and pharmaceutical products, due to their rich nutrient content and the presence of compounds known to offer various health benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticoagulant and antitumor properties. However, these organisms are capable of bioremediation through bioabsorption and bioaccumulation processes, retaining toxic compounds present in the culture medium within their cells, which may represent a risk to consumer health, thereby invalidating the previously identified benefits. In this study, five edible seaweeds were selected, sold in the Portuguese market: Undaria pinnatifida (wakame from China and Japan), Laminaria spp. (kombu from South Korea and Japan), and Porphyra spp. (nori from China). The elemental composition was assessed using energydispersive X-ray fluorescence, revealing levels of K, S, Cl, Ca, Fe, Zn, Br, As, Sr, Cu, P, Si, I, and Ni. Bioactive compounds were extracted using three methods: autoclave (water, 121 °C, 30 minutes), multi-step extraction (cold water, boiling water, alkaline and acidic conditions), and microwave-assisted extraction (water, KOH, 120 °C, 30 minutes). Lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, phenolic compounds and flavonoids were quantified by UV-Vis spectroscopy. In vitro assays were performed to evaluate the antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of seaweed extracts and partial characterization of the compounds present were carried out by FTIR. This study revealed the presence of essential macro- and micronutrients, as well as toxic elements (Sr, Br, and As), which could compromise the quality and safety of these foods. However, the extracts exhibited antioxidant and antibacterial activities and low cytotoxicity, showing potential
as functional foods and application in the food and biopharmaceutical industries, as long as they are produced under controlled conditions. Thus, the need for sustainable and innovative solutions for human health requires in-depth studies of the composition and properties of these seaweeds