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Blood molecular profile to predict genotoxicity from exposure to antineoplastic drugs
No full textGenotoxicity is an important information that should be included in human biomonitoring programmes. How-ever, the usually applied cytogenetic assays are laborious and time-consuming, reason why it is critical to develop rapid and economic new methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the molecular profile of frozen whole blood, acquired by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, allows to assess genotoxicity in occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs, as obtained by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. For that purpose, 92 samples of peripheral blood were studied: 46 samples from hospital professionals occupationally exposed to antineoplastic drugs and 46 samples from workers in academia without exposure (controls). It was first evaluated the metabolome from frozen whole blood by methanol precipitation of macromolecules as haemoglobin, followed by centrifugation. The metabolome molecular profile resulted in 3 ratios of spectral bands, significantly different between the exposed and non-exposed group (p < 0.01) and a spectral principal component-linear discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA) model enabling to predict genotoxicity from exposure with 73 % accuracy. After optimization of the dilution degree and solution used, it was possible to obtain a higher number of significant ratios of spectral bands, i.e., 10 ratios significantly different (p < 0.001), highlighting the high sensitivity and specificity of the method. Indeed, the PCA-LDA model, based on the molecular profile of whole blood, enabled to predict genotoxicity from the exposure with an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 92 %, 93 % and 91 %, respectively. All these parameters were achieved based on 1 mu L of frozen whole blood, in a high-throughput mode, i.e., based on the simultaneous analysis of 92 samples, in a simple and economic mode. In summary, it can be conclude that this method presents a very promising potential for high-dimension screening of exposure to genotoxic substances
Determinants influencing distance learning at health technology higher education institutions in Portugal
Get PDFPOAT-01-6177-FEDER-000047FCT_UIDB/05608/2020. FCT_UIDP/05608/2020.Introducing distance learning within higher education institutions (HEIs) is a key societal issue, especially in the health sector, due to its in vivo learning nature. Public policies play an important role in these digital environments. This study aims to identify the determinants influencing national public policies that foster digital learning transformation in Health HEIs in Portugal. A prospective survey, using the structural analysis of Godet’s method, is conducted, and data are gathered from different health sector stakeholders. Despite the efforts to increase digital literacy and funding for digital learning in HEIs, a weak strategy and implementation of a national plan for distance learning in Health HEIs are still prevalent. The driver to success is grounded on national and international cooperation between health professionals, hospitals, and HEIs through transferability processes of innovative practices.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Tea contamination by mycotoxins and azole-resistant mycobiota: the need of a One Health approach to tackle exposures
No full textProject “Resistant mycobiota and mycotoxigenic profile of tea and medicinal plants” (IPL/2020/TEAResMyc_ESTeSL).Project “Microbiota and azoles fungicides in Portuguese greenhouses: a hotspot for resistance development?” (IPL/2021/ARPTG_ESTeSL).Despite tea beneficial health effects, there is a substantial risk of tea contamination by harmful pathogens and mycotoxins. A total of 40 tea samples (17 green (raw) tea; 13 black (fermented) tea; 10 herbal infusions or white tea) were purchased from different markets located in the Lisbon district in 2020. All products were directly available to consumers either in bulk (13) and or in individual packages (27). Bacterial analysis was performed by inoculating 150 μL of samples extracts in tryptic soy agar (TSA) supplemented with 0.2 % nystatin medium for mesophilic bacteria, and in Violet Red bile agar (VRBA) medium for coliforms (Gram-negative bacteria). Fungal research was performed by spreading 150 μL of samples in malt extract agar (MEA) supplemented with 0.05 % chloramphenicol and in dichloran-glycerol agar (DG18) media. The molecular detection of the Aspergillus sections Fumigati, Nidulantes, Circumdati, and Flavi was carried out by Real-Time PCR (qPCR). Detection of mycotoxins was performed using a high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) with a mass spectrometry detector. Azole resistance screening was achieved following the EUCAST guidelines. The highest counts of total bacteria (TSA) were obtained in green raw tea (81.6 %), while coliform counts (VRBA) were found in samples from black raw tea (96.2 %). The highest fungal counts were obtained in green raw tea (87.7 % MEA; 69.6 % DG18). Aspergillus sp. was the most prevalent genus in all samples on MEA (54.3 %) and on DG18 (56.2 %). In the raw tea 23 of the samples (57.5 %) presented contamination by one to five mycotoxins in the same sample. One Aspergillus section Fumigati isolate from a green tea beverage recovered from itraconazole-Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) medium, presented itraconazole and posaconazole E-test MICs above MIC90 values. Our findings open further discussion regarding the One-Health approach and the necessary investment in researching biological hazards and azole resistance associated with the production and consumption of tea (in particular green tea).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Association of respiratory symptoms and lung function with occupation in the multinational Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study
Get PDFBackground: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has been associated with exposure in the workplace. We aimed to assess the association of respiratory symptoms and lung function with occupation in the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study. Methods: We analysed cross-sectional data from 28 823 adults (≥40 years) in 34 countries. We considered 11 occupations and grouped them by likelihood of exposure to organic dust, inorganic dust, and fumes. The association of chronic cough, chronic phlegm, wheeze, dyspnoea, forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/FVC with occupation was assessed, per study site, using multivariable regression. These estimates were then meta-analysed. Sensitivity analyses explored differences between sexes and gross national income. Results: Overall, working in settings with potentially high exposure to dust or fumes was associated with respiratory symptoms but not lung function differences. The most common occupation was farming. Compared to people not working in any of the 11 considered occupations, those who were farmers for ≥20 years were more likely to have a chronic cough (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.19-1.94), wheeze (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.16-1.63) and dyspnoea (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.53-2.20), but not lower FVC (β=0.02 L, 95% CI -0.02-0.06 L) or lower FEV1/FVC (β=0.04%, 95% CI -0.49-0.58%). Some findings differed by sex and gross national income. Conclusion: At a population level, the occupational exposures considered in this study do not appear to be major determinants of differences in lung function, although they are associated with more respiratory symptoms. Because not all work settings were included in this study, respiratory surveillance should still be encouraged among high-risk dusty and fume job workers, especially in low- and middle-income countries.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Investimento em educação como fator de crescimento económico: evidência para Portugal e análise comparativa com a UE
Get PDFMestrado em Análise FinanceiraO papel da Educação, em termos sociais e profissionais, apresenta-se como sendo de inegável relevância para os indivíduos, pelo que o seu Investimento nas mais variadas formas, reveste-se de suma importância para potenciar as suas capacidades e “capitalizar” conhecimento, que possa ser aproveitado no futuro para aumentar a produtividade em termos individuais e, por conseguinte, ao nível de cada país. Reside nesta premissa o principal foco deste estudo, que visa estabelecer uma relação de causalidade entre o nível
de escolaridade obtida por parte da população, bem como a produtividade em termos nacionais, que para a investigação levada a cabo traduz-se no Produto Interno Bruto (PIB), sinónimo de Crescimento Económico. Para além de ser dada particular enfâse ao caso português, importa colmatar uma lacuna nos estudos desenvolvidos em relação a esta temática e que constituem um gap no conhecimento existente, que se prende com a falta de informação relativamente à posição de Portugal no que toca a este objeto de estudo por
comparação com aquilo que é a evolução dos países da União Europeia (UE).
Para o efeito, debruçámo-nos primeiramente sobre uma vertente mais teórica, que permitisse explanar as diferentes abordagens de certos autores com uma participação vincada nesta temática, nomeadamente as de Solow (1956) e Lucas (1988), essenciais para a realização desta investigação. A somar à definição dos objetivos e depois de ser justificada a sua relevância, este estudo contempla o enfoque dado à componente
metodológica, que se baseia na procura de resultados que possam vir a corroborar ou refutar as teorias defendidas, por via de uma análise exaustiva e de um modelo de cariz estatístico, que pudesse conjugar as variáveis endógenas e exógenas alvos de Investigação.The role of education, in social and professional terms, is of undeniable relevance to individuals, so its investment in the most varied forms, is very important to enhance their abilities and "capitalize" knowledge, which can be used in the future to increase productivity in individual terms and therefore at the level of each country. This premise lies the main focus of this study, which aims to establish a causal relationship between the level of education obtained by the population, as well as productivity in national terms, which for the research carried out translates into gross domestic product (GDP), meaning Economic Growth. In addition to being particularly emphatic in the Portuguese case, it is important to fill a gap in the studies developed on this subject and which constitute a gap in existing knowledge, which relates to the lack of information on Portugal's position in relation to this object of study by comparison with what is the evolution of the countries of
European Union (EU).
To this end, we first looked at a more theoretical aspect, which would allow us to explain the different approaches of certain authors with a strong participation in this topic, namely those of Solow (1956) and Lucas (1988), which are essential for carrying out this research.
In addition to the definition of objectives and after their relevance is justified, this study contemplates the focus given to the methodological component, which is based on the search for results that may corroborate or refute the theories defended, through an exhaustive analyze and a Statistic model, which could combine the endogenous and exogenous variables targets of Investigation.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Processo de criação coreográfica #mulheres
Get PDFRelatório Final de Projeto apresentado à Escola Superior de Dança, com vista à
obtenção do grau de Mestre em Criação Coreográfica e Práticas Profissionais
Na especialidade em CoreografiaO projeto #Mulheres, surge no contexto do curso de Mestrado em Criação Coreográfica
e Práticas Profissionais da Escola Superior de Dança, desenvolvido durante o segundo
ano do curso. Trata-se de um projeto de dança e tem como objetivo explorar a temática
da 'Mulher' num contexto coreográfico.
Neste projeto, a criadora tem como objetivo desenvolver uma peça coreográfica que
explora o tema da 'Mulher' em colaboração com intérpretes profissionais. O processo
criativo é iniciado pela exploração das biografias das intérpretes (história familiar, a
educação recebida, qual o contexto sócio-cultural) para promover o autoconhecimento
sobre o seu próprio percurso enquanto mulher na sociedade contemporânea. A
metodologia utilizada para criar movimento envolve explorar o tema a partir do
questionamento (por exemplo, o que é ser filha, o que é ser mãe, o que representa o
estado civil), o que leva a um maior entendimento sobre a experiência de ser mulher e,
consequentemente, contribui para a criação dos conteúdos de movimento e da
dramaturgia da peça. O conjunto das questões e o seu caráter de reflexão servem
durante o processo criativo para criar movimento, estados físicos e emocionais, e as
personagens da peça.
Além da sua natureza artística, #Mulheres procura envolver o público numa reflexão
sobre a ‘Mulher’ provocando-lhe questões (possivelmente as mesmas questões que
foram colocadas às intérpretes durante o processo de criação) e discussões sobre o
que é ser mulher, qual o seu papel, as suas angústias e desafios, a sua ancestralidade
e como se posiciona hoje na sociedade.ABSTRACT - The #Mulheres project arises in the context of the Master's course in Choreographic
Creation and Professional Practices at the Escola Superior de Dança, developed during
the second year of the course. It is a dance project and aims to explore the theme of
'Woman' in a choreographic context.
In this project, the creator aims to develop a choreographic piece that explores the theme
of 'Woman' in collaboration with professional performers. The creative process begins
by exploring the performers' biographies (family history, education received, sociocultural
context) to promote self-knowledge about their own journey as a woman in
contemporary society. The methodology used to create movement involves exploring the
topic through questioning (for example, what it means to be a daughter, what it means
to be a mother, what marital status represents), which leads to a greater understanding
of the experience of being woman and, consequently, contributes to the creation of the
movement content and dramaturgy of the play. The set of questions and their reflective
nature serve during the creative process to create movement, physical and emotional
states, and the characters of the play.
In addition to its artistic nature, #Mulheres seeks to involve the public in a reflection on
'Woman' by provoking questions (possibly the same questions that were asked to the
performers during the creation process) and discussions about what it means to be a
woman, what is the its role its anxieties and challenges, its ancestry and how it positions
itself in society today.N/
Optimizing the use of systemic corticosteroids in severe asthma (ROSA II project): a national Delphi consensus study
Get PDFAlthough the prevalence of severe asthma is not high (5–10% of patients), it is responsible for a large part of the overall disease burden and costs (50–60% of total costs), especially if the condition remains uncontrolled (which occurs in around 40% of cases). Currently, for patients without disease control or presenting frequent exacerbations despite optimal therapy, add-on treatments, traditionally long-acting anticholinergics, oral corticosteroids (OCS), or biologic agents (monoclonal antibodies) are recommended. Nonetheless, the long-term use of oral/systemic corticosteroids (CS) is significantly associated with adverse effects, acute and chronic complications that may decrease health-related quality of life and worsen prognosis, thus requiring additional monitoring and management. Conversely, target therapies (i.e., omalizumab, mepolizumab, reslizumab, benralizumab, and more recently, dupilumab) have been developed grounded on the different phenotypes and endotypes of severe asthma, and are gradually reducing the reliance on OCS (i.e., greater specificity for achieving disease control by reducing the risk of exacerbations and requirements for rescue medication and OCS, with limited adverse events).This work was supported by AstraZeneca.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
O papel do educador na gestão de conflitos
Get PDFRelatório de Prática de Ensino Supervisionada apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para
obtenção de grau de mestre em Educação Pré-EscolarO presente relatório de estágio foi elaborado no âmbito da Unidade Curricular (UC) de Prática Profissional Supervisionada - Módulo II (PPSII) que decorreu numa instituição da rede pública no concelho de Lisboa, com um grupo de crianças com idades compreendidas entre os 4 os 6 anos, decorrida entre fevereiro de 2022 e março de 2022. No decorrer do estágio surgiu a problemática que será apresentada e analisada no presente relatório - O papel do educador na gestão de conflitos de conflitos. A investigação encontra-se inserida numa perspetiva da metodologia do estudo de caso que partiu das características identificadas no grupo de crianças e na observação dos conflitos existentes entre si. Neste estudo com o tema das relações sociais pretende-se identificar e compreender a forma como o educador/a intervém perante uma situação de conflito e às estratégias que utiliza para a resolução das mesmas. Para esta investigação, foram utilizadas diferentes técnicas e instrumentos de recolher de dados, tais como a observação direta e indireta, notas de campo, reflexões diárias e semanais, uma entrevista semiestruturada e conversas informais com a educadora cooperante e a consulta de documentos.
A discussão dos dados e a sua análise evidenciou que os conflitos ao contrário da perspetiva negativa que evidenciam, assumem um caráter positivo no processo de desenvolvimento e aprendizagem de cada criança. O educador/a deve promover o diálogo assumindo um papel de mediador permitindo as crianças partilhar as suas emoções, permitindo o desenvolvimento da sua capacidade de autorregulação.ABSTRACT
This internship report was prepared within the scope of the Curricular Unit (UC) of Supervised Professional Practice - Module II (PPSII) which took place in a public institution in the municipality of Lisbon, with a group of children aged between 4 and 6 years, elapsed between February 2022 and March 2022. During the internship, the problem that will be presented and analyzed in this report arose - The role of the educator in the management of conflicts. The investigation is inserted in a perspective of the methodology of the case study that started from the characteristics identified in the group of children and in the observation of the conflicts between them. In this study about social relations, the aim is to identify and understand how the educator intervenes in a conflict situation and the strategies he uses to resolve them. For this investigation, different techniques and data collection instruments were used, such as direct and indirect observation, field notes, daily and weekly reflections, a semi-structured interview and informal conversations with the cooperating educator and consultation of documents.
The discussion of the data and its analysis showed that conflicts, contrary to the negative perspective they show, assume a positive character in the development and learning process of each child. The educator must promote dialogue by assuming a mediating role, allowing children to share their emotions, allowing the development of their self-regulation capacity.N/
A sonata para piano nº. 4 op. 7 de L. van Beethoven: considerações musicológicas e pedagógicas como suporte ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem
Get PDFRelatório Final do Estágio do Ensino Especializado, apresentado à Escola Superior de Música de Lisboa, do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, para cumprimento dos requisitos à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ensino de Música, conforme Decreto-Lei n.º 79/2014, de 14 de maio.Resumo I - A primeira secção deste trabalho contempla a prática pedagógica desenvolvida durante o Estágio do Ensino Especializado exercido no âmbito do Mestrado em Ensino de Música. O presente estágio foi realizado no ano letivo de 2022/2023 em regime de observação na Escola Artística de Música do Conservatório Nacional (EAMCN), contemplando um trabalho com três alunos de diferentes níveis escolares, permitindo, assim, ao estagiário uma aprendizagem abrangente e diversificada. Nesta secção constam os objetivos do estágio, a caracterização da instituição, uma breve descrição da classe de piano e dos três alunos selecionados, assim como a descrição das aulas observadas e lecionadas ao longo do ano letivo. As aulas lecionadas foram gravadas em registo audiovisual, permitindo a observação e análise pelo Professor Orientador Miguel Henriques, tendo como objetivo a avaliação e a discussão das práticas de ensino realizadas pelo estagiário. Em forma de conclusão foi realizada uma reflexão final em relação a todo o trabalho desenvolvido durante o estágio.Resumo II - A segunda parte deste trabalho é reservada ao Projeto de Investigação. Esta secção compreende a análise e a consequente reflexão crítica da sonata para piano n.º 4 Op.7 de Ludwig van Beethoven. O trabalho a desenvolver contempla uma breve biografia do compositor, informação de caráter histórico em relação à forma sonata e ao piano, a análise estrutural da obra, a exposição e debate de questões de caráter interpretativo e de questões no âmbito prático/técnico relevantes. Adicionalmente, como suporte ao texto, serão utilizadas ilustrações em forma de notação. Este trabalho, direcionado ao estudante de piano, pretende contribuir para um conhecimento aprofundado da obra, para uma abordagem teórica e técnica da mesma, tendo por objetivo uma prática pedagógico/didática informada e fundamentada, contemplando caminhos para a solução de problemas/dificuldades, nomeadamente no âmbito de passagens técnicas mais exigentes, no campo da compreensão da forma, ao nível da notação ou que levantem algum tipo de problemática em relação à sua execução.Abstract I - The first section of this work concerns the pedagogical practice developed during the Specialized Teaching Internship carried out within the scope of the Master in Music Education. This internship was carried out in the academic year of 2022/2023 under observation, at Escola Artística de Música do Conservatório Nacional (EAMCN), regarding a work with three students from different school levels, thus, allowing the intern a comprehensive and diversified learning. This section contains the objectives of the internship, the characterization of the institution, a brief description of the piano class and the three students selected, as well as the description of the classes observed and taught throughout the school year. The classes taught were recorded in audiovisual format allowing for the observation and analysis by the Guiding Professor Miguel Henriques, with the aim of evaluating and discussing the teaching practices carried out by the intern. As a conclusion, a final reflection was carried out in relation to all the work developed during the internship.Abstract II - The second part of this work regards the Research Project. This section concerns the analysis and subsequent critical reflection of the piano sonata n.º 4 Op.7 by Ludwig van Beethoven. The developing work includes a brief biography of the composer, historical data, and information about the sonata form and the piano, the work’s structural analysis, the exposition and debate of interpretative issues and relevant practical/technical issues. Additionally, illustrations will be used in the form of notation to aid with the written text. This work, aimed at piano students, attempts to contribute to an in-depth knowledge of the work, with theoretical and technical information, providing an informed and well-founded pedagogical/didactic practice, including ways to solve problems/difficulties, namely in the context of more demanding technical passages, in the field of understanding the form, at the level of notation or passages that raise some type of problematic relative to its execution.N/
Qualidade da escrita e fluência leitora no 6.º ano do 2.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico
Get PDFRelatório de Prática de Ensino Supervisionada apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para
obtenção de grau de mestre em Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e de Português e História e Geografia de Portugal no 2.º Ciclo do Ensino BásicoO presente Relatório Final insere-se na Unidade Curricular Prática de Ensino Supervisionada II, do Mestrado em Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e de Português e História e Geografia de Portugal no 2.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, ministrada pela Escola Superior de Educação, do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa. O problema objeto de estudo “Avaliação da qualidade de escrita e da fluência na leitura de sujeitos do 6.º Ano do 2.º CEB” emerge do contexto de prática pedagógica do 6.º Ano do 2.º CEB. Objetiva-se no objetivo geral: Avaliar a qualidade da escrita e a fluência de leitura de sujeitos de 6.º Ano do 2.º CEB, subdividido nos seguintes
objetivos específicos: (i) Analisar a fluência leitora (precisão, velocidade e entoação) antes e depois da intervenção; (ii) Avaliar a qualidade de escrita de texto narrativo (reconto) antes e depois da intervenção; (iii) Comparar o nível de qualidade de escrita e indicadores de fluência da leitura antes e depois de um programa de intervenção. Trata-se de uma Investigação-Ação (diagnose, intervenção e avaliação), tendo sido utilizada uma metodologia de investigação de natureza mista. Foram utilizados a constituição de corpus escrito, corpus de leitura em voz alta, entrevista e focus group. Os resultados do presente estudo sugerem que a intervenção foi bem-sucedida, tendo a escrita e a fluência da leitura melhorado em quase todos os parâmetros. Os alunos revelam-se motivados para a aprendizagem com mais-valias ao nível das competências avaliadas e, também, da consciência de estratégias de aprendizagem.This final report is part of the curricular unit Supervised Teaching Practice II of the Master's Degree in Teaching in the 1st Cycle of Basic Education and Portuguese and History and Geography of Portugal in the 2nd Cycle of Basic Education, taught by the School of Education of the Polytechnic Institute of Lisbon. The problem object of study “Evaluating the quality of writing and reading fluency in subjects of the 6th Grade of 2nd CBE” emerges from the context of pedagogical practice of the 6th Grade students in the 2nd CBE. The general objective is
to evaluate the quality of writing and reading fluency of subjects of the 6th Grade students in the 2nd CBE, subdivided into the following specific objectives: (i) Analyse reading fluency (accuracy, speed and intonation) before and after the intervention; (ii) Evaluate the quality of writing of narrative text (recounting) before and after the intervention; (iii) Compare the level of writing quality and indicators of reading fluency before and after an intervention programme. This study adopts an Action-Research approach (diagnosis, intervention and evaluation), using a mixed research methodology. It envolves the collection of written corpus, reading corpus, interview and focus group. The results of the present study suggest that the intervention was successful, with an improvement in writing and reading fluency in almost all parameters. Students were motivated to learn with improvements in the skills assessed and also in the awareness of learning strategies.N/